/*
 * Copyright (c) 2020 - 2023 the ThorVG project. All rights reserved.

 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
 * copies or substantial portions of the Software.

 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
 * SOFTWARE.
 */

#include <math.h>
#include "tvgSwCommon.h"


/************************************************************************/
/* Internal Class Implementation                                        */
/************************************************************************/

//clz: count leading zero’s
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__clang__)
    #include <intrin.h>
    static uint32_t __inline _clz(uint32_t value)
    {
        unsigned long leadingZero = 0;
        if (_BitScanReverse(&leadingZero, value)) return 31 - leadingZero;
        else return 32;
    }
#else
    #define _clz(x) __builtin_clz((x))
#endif


constexpr SwFixed CORDIC_FACTOR = 0xDBD95B16UL;       //the Cordic shrink factor 0.858785336480436 * 2^32

//this table was generated for SW_FT_PI = 180L << 16, i.e. degrees
constexpr static auto ATAN_MAX = 23;
constexpr static SwFixed ATAN_TBL[] = {
    1740967L, 919879L, 466945L, 234379L, 117304L, 58666L, 29335L,
    14668L, 7334L, 3667L, 1833L, 917L, 458L, 229L, 115L,
    57L, 29L, 14L, 7L, 4L, 2L, 1L};

static inline SwCoord SATURATE(const SwCoord x)
{
    return (x >> (sizeof(SwCoord) * 8 - 1));
}


static inline SwFixed PAD_ROUND(const SwFixed x, int32_t n)
{
    return (((x) + ((n)/2)) & ~((n)-1));
}


static SwCoord _downscale(SwFixed x)
{
    //multiply a give value by the CORDIC shrink factor
    auto s = abs(x);
    int64_t t = (s * static_cast<int64_t>(CORDIC_FACTOR)) + 0x100000000UL;
    s = static_cast<SwFixed>(t >> 32);
    if (x < 0) s = -s;
    return s;
}


static int32_t _normalize(SwPoint& pt)
{
    /* the highest bit in overflow-safe vector components
       MSB of 0.858785336480436 * sqrt(0.5) * 2^30 */
    constexpr auto SAFE_MSB = 29;

    auto v = pt;

    //High order bit(MSB)
    int32_t shift = 31 - _clz(abs(v.x) | abs(v.y));

    if (shift <= SAFE_MSB) {
        shift = SAFE_MSB - shift;
        pt.x = static_cast<SwCoord>((unsigned long)v.x << shift);
        pt.y = static_cast<SwCoord>((unsigned long)v.y << shift);
    } else {
        shift -= SAFE_MSB;
        pt.x = v.x >> shift;
        pt.y = v.y >> shift;
        shift = -shift;
    }
    return shift;
}


static void _polarize(SwPoint& pt)
{
    auto v = pt;
    SwFixed theta;

    //Get the vector into [-PI/4, PI/4] sector
    if (v.y > v.x) {
        if (v.y > -v.x) {
            auto tmp = v.y;
            v.y = -v.x;
            v.x = tmp;
            theta = SW_ANGLE_PI2;
        } else {
            theta = v.y > 0 ? SW_ANGLE_PI : -SW_ANGLE_PI;
            v.x = -v.x;
            v.y = -v.y;
        }
    } else {
        if (v.y < -v.x) {
            theta = -SW_ANGLE_PI2;
            auto tmp = -v.y;
            v.y = v.x;
            v.x = tmp;
        } else {
            theta = 0;
        }
    }

    auto atan = ATAN_TBL;
    uint32_t i;
    SwFixed j;

    //Pseudorotations. with right shifts
    for (i = 1, j = 1; i < ATAN_MAX; j <<= 1, ++i) {
        if (v.y > 0) {
            auto tmp = v.x + ((v.y + j) >> i);
            v.y = v.y - ((v.x + j) >> i);
            v.x = tmp;
            theta += *atan++;
        } else {
            auto tmp = v.x - ((v.y + j) >> i);
            v.y = v.y + ((v.x + j) >> i);
            v.x = tmp;
            theta -= *atan++;
        }
    }

    //round theta
    if (theta >= 0) theta =  PAD_ROUND(theta, 32);
    else theta = -PAD_ROUND(-theta, 32);

    pt.x = v.x;
    pt.y = theta;
}


static void _rotate(SwPoint& pt, SwFixed theta)
{
    SwFixed x = pt.x;
    SwFixed y = pt.y;

    //Rotate inside [-PI/4, PI/4] sector
    while (theta < -SW_ANGLE_PI4) {
        auto tmp = y;
        y = -x;
        x = tmp;
        theta += SW_ANGLE_PI2;
    }

    while (theta > SW_ANGLE_PI4) {
        auto tmp = -y;
        y = x;
        x = tmp;
        theta -= SW_ANGLE_PI2;
    }

    auto atan = ATAN_TBL;
    uint32_t i;
    SwFixed j;

    for (i = 1, j = 1; i < ATAN_MAX; j <<= 1, ++i) {
        if (theta < 0) {
            auto tmp = x + ((y + j) >> i);
            y = y - ((x + j) >> i);
            x = tmp;
            theta += *atan++;
        } else {
            auto tmp = x - ((y + j) >> i);
            y = y + ((x + j) >> i);
            x = tmp;
            theta -= *atan++;
        }
    }

    pt.x = static_cast<SwCoord>(x);
    pt.y = static_cast<SwCoord>(y);
}


/************************************************************************/
/* External Class Implementation                                        */
/************************************************************************/

SwFixed mathMean(SwFixed angle1, SwFixed angle2)
{
    return angle1 + mathDiff(angle1, angle2) / 2;
}


bool mathSmallCubic(const SwPoint* base, SwFixed& angleIn, SwFixed& angleMid, SwFixed& angleOut)
{
    auto d1 = base[2] - base[3];
    auto d2 = base[1] - base[2];
    auto d3 = base[0] - base[1];

    if (d1.small()) {
        if (d2.small()) {
            if (d3.small()) {
                //basically a point.
                //do nothing to retain original direction
            } else {
                angleIn = angleMid = angleOut = mathAtan(d3);
            }
        } else {
            if (d3.small()) {
                angleIn = angleMid = angleOut = mathAtan(d2);
            } else {
                angleIn = angleMid = mathAtan(d2);
                angleOut = mathAtan(d3);
            }
        }
    } else {
        if (d2.small()) {
            if (d3.small()) {
                angleIn = angleMid = angleOut = mathAtan(d1);
            } else {
                angleIn = mathAtan(d1);
                angleOut = mathAtan(d3);
                angleMid = mathMean(angleIn, angleOut);
            }
        } else {
            if (d3.small()) {
                angleIn = mathAtan(d1);
                angleMid = angleOut = mathAtan(d2);
            } else {
                angleIn = mathAtan(d1);
                angleMid = mathAtan(d2);
                angleOut = mathAtan(d3);
            }
        }
    }

    auto theta1 = abs(mathDiff(angleIn, angleMid));
    auto theta2 = abs(mathDiff(angleMid, angleOut));

    if ((theta1 < (SW_ANGLE_PI / 8)) && (theta2 < (SW_ANGLE_PI / 8))) return true;
    return false;
}


int64_t mathMultiply(int64_t a, int64_t b)
{
    int32_t s = 1;

    //move sign
    if (a < 0) {
        a = -a;
        s = -s;
    }
    if (b < 0) {
        b = -b;
        s = -s;
    }
    int64_t c = (a * b + 0x8000L) >> 16;
    return (s > 0) ? c : -c;
}


int64_t mathDivide(int64_t a, int64_t b)
{
    int32_t s = 1;

    //move sign
    if (a < 0) {
        a = -a;
        s = -s;
    }
    if (b < 0) {
        b = -b;
        s = -s;
    }
    int64_t q = b > 0 ? ((a << 16) + (b >> 1)) / b : 0x7FFFFFFFL;
    return (s < 0 ? -q : q);
}


int64_t mathMulDiv(int64_t a, int64_t b, int64_t c)
{
    int32_t s = 1;

    //move sign
    if (a < 0) {
        a = -a;
        s = -s;
    }
    if (b < 0) {
        b = -b;
        s = -s;
    }
    if (c < 0) {
        c = -c;
        s = -s;
    }
    int64_t d = c > 0 ? (a * b + (c >> 1)) / c : 0x7FFFFFFFL;

    return (s > 0 ? d : -d);
}


void mathRotate(SwPoint& pt, SwFixed angle)
{
    if (angle == 0 || (pt.x == 0 && pt.y == 0)) return;

    auto v  = pt;
    auto shift = _normalize(v);

    auto theta = angle;
   _rotate(v, theta);

    v.x = _downscale(v.x);
    v.y = _downscale(v.y);

    if (shift > 0) {
        auto half = static_cast<int32_t>(1L << (shift - 1));
        pt.x = (v.x + half + SATURATE(v.x)) >> shift;
        pt.y = (v.y + half + SATURATE(v.y)) >> shift;
    } else {
        shift = -shift;
        pt.x = static_cast<SwCoord>((unsigned long)v.x << shift);
        pt.y = static_cast<SwCoord>((unsigned long)v.y << shift);
    }
}

SwFixed mathTan(SwFixed angle)
{
    SwPoint v = {CORDIC_FACTOR >> 8, 0};
    _rotate(v, angle);
    return mathDivide(v.y, v.x);
}


SwFixed mathAtan(const SwPoint& pt)
{
    if (pt.x == 0 && pt.y == 0) return 0;

    auto v = pt;
    _normalize(v);
    _polarize(v);

    return v.y;
}


SwFixed mathSin(SwFixed angle)
{
    return mathCos(SW_ANGLE_PI2 - angle);
}


SwFixed mathCos(SwFixed angle)
{
    SwPoint v = {CORDIC_FACTOR >> 8, 0};
    _rotate(v, angle);
    return (v.x + 0x80L) >> 8;
}


SwFixed mathLength(const SwPoint& pt)
{
    auto v = pt;

    //trivial case
    if (v.x == 0) return abs(v.y);
    if (v.y == 0) return abs(v.x);

    //general case
    auto shift = _normalize(v);
    _polarize(v);
    v.x = _downscale(v.x);

    if (shift > 0) return (v.x + (static_cast<SwFixed>(1) << (shift -1))) >> shift;
    return static_cast<SwFixed>((uint32_t)v.x << -shift);
}


void mathSplitCubic(SwPoint* base)
{
    SwCoord a, b, c, d;

    base[6].x = base[3].x;
    c = base[1].x;
    d = base[2].x;
    base[1].x = a = (base[0].x + c) / 2;
    base[5].x = b = (base[3].x + d) / 2;
    c = (c + d) / 2;
    base[2].x = a = (a + c) / 2;
    base[4].x = b = (b + c) / 2;
    base[3].x = (a + b) / 2;

    base[6].y = base[3].y;
    c = base[1].y;
    d = base[2].y;
    base[1].y = a = (base[0].y + c) / 2;
    base[5].y = b = (base[3].y + d) / 2;
    c = (c + d) / 2;
    base[2].y = a = (a + c) / 2;
    base[4].y = b = (b + c) / 2;
    base[3].y = (a + b) / 2;
}


SwFixed mathDiff(SwFixed angle1, SwFixed angle2)
{
    auto delta = angle2 - angle1;

    delta %= SW_ANGLE_2PI;
    if (delta < 0) delta += SW_ANGLE_2PI;
    if (delta > SW_ANGLE_PI) delta -= SW_ANGLE_2PI;

    return delta;
}


SwPoint mathTransform(const Point* to, const Matrix* transform)
{
    if (!transform) return {TO_SWCOORD(to->x), TO_SWCOORD(to->y)};

    auto tx = to->x * transform->e11 + to->y * transform->e12 + transform->e13;
    auto ty = to->x * transform->e21 + to->y * transform->e22 + transform->e23;

    return {TO_SWCOORD(tx), TO_SWCOORD(ty)};
}


bool mathClipBBox(const SwBBox& clipper, SwBBox& clipee)
{
    clipee.max.x = (clipee.max.x < clipper.max.x) ? clipee.max.x : clipper.max.x;
    clipee.max.y = (clipee.max.y < clipper.max.y) ? clipee.max.y : clipper.max.y;
    clipee.min.x = (clipee.min.x > clipper.min.x) ? clipee.min.x : clipper.min.x;
    clipee.min.y = (clipee.min.y > clipper.min.y) ? clipee.min.y : clipper.min.y;

    //Check valid region
    if (clipee.max.x - clipee.min.x < 1 && clipee.max.y - clipee.min.y < 1) return false;

    //Check boundary
    if (clipee.min.x >= clipper.max.x || clipee.min.y >= clipper.max.y ||
        clipee.max.x <= clipper.min.x || clipee.max.y <= clipper.min.y) return false;

    return true;
}


bool mathUpdateOutlineBBox(const SwOutline* outline, const SwBBox& clipRegion, SwBBox& renderRegion, bool fastTrack)
{
    if (!outline) return false;

    auto pt = outline->pts;

    if (outline->ptsCnt == 0 || outline->cntrsCnt <= 0) {
        renderRegion.reset();
        return false;
    }

    auto xMin = pt->x;
    auto xMax = pt->x;
    auto yMin = pt->y;
    auto yMax = pt->y;

    ++pt;

    for (uint32_t i = 1; i < outline->ptsCnt; ++i, ++pt) {
        if (xMin > pt->x) xMin = pt->x;
        if (xMax < pt->x) xMax = pt->x;
        if (yMin > pt->y) yMin = pt->y;
        if (yMax < pt->y) yMax = pt->y;
    }
    //Since no antialiasing is applied in the Fast Track case,
    //the rasterization region has to be rearranged.
    //https://github.com/Samsung/thorvg/issues/916
    if (fastTrack) {
        renderRegion.min.x = static_cast<SwCoord>(round(xMin / 64.0f));
        renderRegion.max.x = static_cast<SwCoord>(round(xMax / 64.0f));
        renderRegion.min.y = static_cast<SwCoord>(round(yMin / 64.0f));
        renderRegion.max.y = static_cast<SwCoord>(round(yMax / 64.0f));
    } else {
        renderRegion.min.x = xMin >> 6;
        renderRegion.max.x = (xMax + 63) >> 6;
        renderRegion.min.y = yMin >> 6;
        renderRegion.max.y = (yMax + 63) >> 6;
    }
    return mathClipBBox(clipRegion, renderRegion);
}