diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/classes/String.xml')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/classes/String.xml | 539 |
1 files changed, 337 insertions, 202 deletions
diff --git a/doc/classes/String.xml b/doc/classes/String.xml index b0b4f74b46..97466e7860 100644 --- a/doc/classes/String.xml +++ b/doc/classes/String.xml @@ -1,10 +1,12 @@ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <class name="String" version="4.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="../class.xsd"> <brief_description> - Built-in string class. + Built-in string Variant type. </brief_description> <description> - This is the built-in string class (and the one used by GDScript). It supports Unicode and provides all necessary means for string handling. Strings are reference-counted and use a copy-on-write approach, so passing them around is cheap in resources. + This is the built-in string Variant type (and the one used by GDScript). Strings may contain any number of Unicode characters, and expose methods useful for manipulating and generating strings. Strings are reference-counted and use a copy-on-write approach (every modification to a string returns a new [String]), so passing them around is cheap in resources. + Some string methods have corresponding variations. Variations suffixed with [code]n[/code] ([method countn], [method findn], [method replacen], etc.) are [b]case-insensitive[/b] (they make no distinction between uppercase and lowercase letters). Method variations prefixed with [code]r[/code] ([method rfind], [method rsplit], etc.) are reversed, and start from the end of the string, instead of the beginning. + [b]Note:[/b] In a boolean context, a string will evaluate to [code]false[/code] if it is empty ([code]""[/code]). Otherwise, a string will always evaluate to [code]true[/code]. </description> <tutorials> <link title="GDScript format strings">$DOCS_URL/tutorials/scripting/gdscript/gdscript_format_string.html</link> @@ -27,14 +29,14 @@ <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="from" type="NodePath" /> <description> - Constructs a new String from the given [NodePath]. + Constructs a new [String] from the given [NodePath]. </description> </constructor> <constructor name="String"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="from" type="StringName" /> <description> - Constructs a new String from the given [StringName]. + Constructs a new [String] from the given [StringName]. </description> </constructor> </constructors> @@ -43,30 +45,32 @@ <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="text" type="String" /> <description> - Returns [code]true[/code] if the string begins with the given string. + Returns [code]true[/code] if the string begins with the given [param text]. See also [method ends_with]. </description> </method> <method name="bigrams" qualifiers="const"> <return type="PackedStringArray" /> <description> - Returns an array containing the bigrams (pairs of consecutive letters) of this string. + Returns an array containing the bigrams (pairs of consecutive characters) of this string. [codeblock] - print("Bigrams".bigrams()) # Prints "[Bi, ig, gr, ra, am, ms]" + print("Get up!".bigrams()) # Prints ["Ge", "et", "t ", " u", "up", "p!"] [/codeblock] </description> </method> <method name="bin_to_int" qualifiers="const"> <return type="int" /> <description> - Converts a string containing a binary number into an integer. Binary strings can either be prefixed with [code]0b[/code] or not, and they can also start with a [code]-[/code] before the optional prefix. + Converts the string representing a binary number into an [int]. The string may optionally be prefixed with [code]"0b"[/code], and an additional [code]-[/code] prefix for negative numbers. [codeblocks] [gdscript] - print("0b101".bin_to_int()) # Prints "5". - print("101".bin_to_int()) # Prints "5". + print("101".bin_to_int()) # Prints 5 + print("0b101".bin_to_int()) # Prints 5 + print("-0b10".bin_to_int()) # Prints -2 [/gdscript] [csharp] - GD.Print("0b101".BinToInt()); // Prints "5". - GD.Print("101".BinToInt()); // Prints "5". + GD.Print("101".BinToInt()); // Prints 5 + GD.Print("0b101".BinToInt()); // Prints 5 + GD.Print("-0b10".BinToInt()); // Prints -2 [/csharp] [/codeblocks] </description> @@ -80,33 +84,43 @@ <method name="c_unescape" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <description> - Returns a copy of the string with escaped characters replaced by their meanings. Supported escape sequences are [code]\'[/code], [code]\"[/code], [code]\?[/code], [code]\\[/code], [code]\a[/code], [code]\b[/code], [code]\f[/code], [code]\n[/code], [code]\r[/code], [code]\t[/code], [code]\v[/code]. + Returns a copy of the string with escaped characters replaced by their meanings. Supported escape sequences are [code]\'[/code], [code]\"[/code], [code]\\[/code], [code]\a[/code], [code]\b[/code], [code]\f[/code], [code]\n[/code], [code]\r[/code], [code]\t[/code], [code]\v[/code]. [b]Note:[/b] Unlike the GDScript parser, this method doesn't support the [code]\uXXXX[/code] escape sequence. </description> </method> <method name="capitalize" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <description> - Changes the case of some letters. Replaces underscores with spaces, adds spaces before in-word uppercase characters, converts all letters to lowercase, then capitalizes the first letter and every letter following a space character. For [code]capitalize camelCase mixed_with_underscores[/code], it will return [code]Capitalize Camel Case Mixed With Underscores[/code]. + Changes the appearance of the string: replaces underscores ([code]_[/code]) with spaces, adds spaces before uppercase letters in the middle of a word, converts all letters to lowercase, then converts the first one and each one following a space to uppercase. + [codeblocks] + [gdscript] + "move_local_x".capitalize() # Returns "Move Local X" + "sceneFile_path".capitalize() # Returns "Scene File Path" + [/gdscript] + [csharp] + "move_local_x".Capitalize(); // Returns "Move Local X" + "sceneFile_path".Capitalize(); // Returns "Scene File Path" + [/csharp] + [/codeblocks] + [b]Note:[/b] This method not the same as the default appearance of properties in the Inspector dock, as it does not capitalize acronyms ([code]"2D"[/code], [code]"FPS"[/code], [code]"PNG"[/code], etc.) as you may expect. </description> </method> <method name="casecmp_to" qualifiers="const"> <return type="int" /> <param index="0" name="to" type="String" /> <description> - Performs a case-sensitive comparison to another string. Returns [code]-1[/code] if less than, [code]1[/code] if greater than, or [code]0[/code] if equal. "less than" or "greater than" are determined by the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters]Unicode code points[/url] of each string, which roughly matches the alphabetical order. - [b]Behavior with different string lengths:[/b] Returns [code]1[/code] if the "base" string is longer than the [param to] string or [code]-1[/code] if the "base" string is shorter than the [param to] string. Keep in mind this length is determined by the number of Unicode codepoints, [i]not[/i] the actual visible characters. - [b]Behavior with empty strings:[/b] Returns [code]-1[/code] if the "base" string is empty, [code]1[/code] if the [param to] string is empty or [code]0[/code] if both strings are empty. - To get a boolean result from a string comparison, use the [code]==[/code] operator instead. See also [method nocasecmp_to] and [method naturalnocasecmp_to]. + Performs a case-sensitive comparison to another string. Returns [code]-1[/code] if less than, [code]1[/code] if greater than, or [code]0[/code] if equal. "Less than" and "greater than" are determined by the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters]Unicode code points[/url] of each string, which roughly matches the alphabetical order. + With different string lengths, returns [code]1[/code] if this string is longer than the [param to] string, or [code]-1[/code] if shorter. Note that the length of empty strings is [i]always[/i] [code]0[/code]. + To get a [bool] result from a string comparison, use the [code]==[/code] operator instead. See also [method nocasecmp_to] and [method naturalnocasecmp_to]. </description> </method> <method name="chr" qualifiers="static"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="char" type="int" /> <description> - Directly converts an decimal integer to a unicode character. Tables of these characters can be found in various locations, for example [url=https://unicodelookup.com/]here.[/url] + Returns a single Unicode character from the decimal [param char]. You may use [url=https://unicodelookup.com/]unicodelookup.com[/url] or [url=https://www.unicode.org/charts/]unicode.org[/url] as points of reference. [codeblock] - print(String.chr(65)) # Prints "A" + print(String.chr(65)) # Prints "A" print(String.chr(129302)) # Prints "🤖" (robot face emoji) [/codeblock] </description> @@ -115,7 +129,19 @@ <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="what" type="String" /> <description> - Returns [code]true[/code] if the string contains the given string. + Returns [code]true[/code] if the string contains [param what]. In GDScript, this corresponds to the [code]in[/code] operator. + [codeblocks] + [gdscript] + print("Node".contains("de")) # Prints true + print("team".contains("I")) # Prints false + print("I" in "team") # Prints false + [/gdscript] + [csharp] + GD.Print("Node".Contains("de")); // Prints true + GD.Print("team".Contains("I")); // Prints false + [/csharp] + [/codeblocks] + If you need to know where [param what] is within the string, use [method find]. </description> </method> <method name="count" qualifiers="const"> @@ -124,7 +150,7 @@ <param index="1" name="from" type="int" default="0" /> <param index="2" name="to" type="int" default="0" /> <description> - Returns the number of occurrences of substring [param what] between [param from] and [param to] positions. If [param from] and [param to] equals 0 the whole string will be used. If only [param to] equals 0 the remained substring will be used. + Returns the number of occurrences of the substring [param what] between [param from] and [param to] positions. If [param to] is 0, the search continues until the end of the string. </description> </method> <method name="countn" qualifiers="const"> @@ -133,7 +159,7 @@ <param index="1" name="from" type="int" default="0" /> <param index="2" name="to" type="int" default="0" /> <description> - Returns the number of occurrences of substring [param what] (ignoring case) between [param from] and [param to] positions. If [param from] and [param to] equals 0 the whole string will be used. If only [param to] equals 0 the remained substring will be used. + Returns the number of occurrences of the substring [param what] between [param from] and [param to] positions, [b]ignoring case[/b]. If [param to] is 0, the search continues until the end of the string. </description> </method> <method name="dedent" qualifiers="const"> @@ -146,7 +172,7 @@ <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="text" type="String" /> <description> - Returns [code]true[/code] if the string ends with the given string. + Returns [code]true[/code] if the string ends with the given [param text]. See also [method begins_with]. </description> </method> <method name="find" qualifiers="const"> @@ -154,17 +180,24 @@ <param index="0" name="what" type="String" /> <param index="1" name="from" type="int" default="0" /> <description> - Returns the index of the [b]first[/b] case-sensitive occurrence of the specified string in this instance, or [code]-1[/code]. Optionally, the starting search index can be specified, continuing to the end of the string. - [b]Note:[/b] If you just want to know whether a string contains a substring, use the [code]in[/code] operator as follows: + Returns the index of the [b]first[/b] occurrence of [param what] in this string, or [code]-1[/code] if there are none. The search's start can be specified with [param from], continuing to the end of the string. [codeblocks] [gdscript] - print("i" in "team") # Will print `false`. + print("Team".find("I")) # Prints -1 + + print("Potato".find("t")) # Prints 2 + print("Potato".find("t", 3)) # Prints 4 + print("Potato".find("t", 5)) # Prints -1 [/gdscript] [csharp] - // C# has no in operator, but we can use `Contains()`. - GD.Print("team".Contains("i")); // Will print `false`. + GD.Print("Team".Find("I")); // Prints -1 + + GD.Print("Potato".Find("t")); // Prints 2 + GD.print("Potato".Find("t", 3)); // Prints 4 + GD.print("Potato".Find("t", 5)); // Prints -1 [/csharp] [/codeblocks] + [b]Note:[/b] If you just want to know whether the string contains [param what], use [method contains]. In GDScript, you may also use the [code]in[/code] operator. </description> </method> <method name="findn" qualifiers="const"> @@ -172,7 +205,7 @@ <param index="0" name="what" type="String" /> <param index="1" name="from" type="int" default="0" /> <description> - Returns the index of the [b]first[/b] case-insensitive occurrence of the specified string in this instance, or [code]-1[/code]. Optionally, the starting search index can be specified, continuing to the end of the string. + Returns the index of the [b]first[/b] [b]case-insensitive[/b] occurrence of [param what] in this string, or [code]-1[/code] if there are none. The starting search index can be specified with [param from], continuing to the end of the string. </description> </method> <method name="format" qualifiers="const"> @@ -183,53 +216,64 @@ Formats the string by replacing all occurrences of [param placeholder] with the elements of [param values]. [param values] can be a [Dictionary] or an [Array]. Any underscores in [param placeholder] will be replaced with the corresponding keys in advance. Array elements use their index as keys. [codeblock] - # Prints: Waiting for Godot is a play by Samuel Beckett, and Godot Engine is named after it. + # Prints "Waiting for Godot is a play by Samuel Beckett, and Godot Engine is named after it." var use_array_values = "Waiting for {0} is a play by {1}, and {0} Engine is named after it." print(use_array_values.format(["Godot", "Samuel Beckett"])) - # Prints: User 42 is Godot. + # Prints "User 42 is Godot." print("User {id} is {name}.".format({"id": 42, "name": "Godot"})) [/codeblock] - Some additional handling is performed when [param values] is an array. If [param placeholder] does not contain an underscore, the elements of the array will be used to replace one occurrence of the placeholder in turn; If an array element is another 2-element array, it'll be interpreted as a key-value pair. + Some additional handling is performed when [param values] is an [Array]. If [param placeholder] does not contain an underscore, the elements of the [param values] array will be used to replace one occurrence of the placeholder in order; If an element of [param values] is another 2-element array, it'll be interpreted as a key-value pair. [codeblock] - # Prints: User 42 is Godot. + # Prints "User 42 is Godot." print("User {} is {}.".format([42, "Godot"], "{}")) print("User {id} is {name}.".format([["id", 42], ["name", "Godot"]])) [/codeblock] + See also the [url=$DOCS_URL/tutorials/scripting/gdscript/gdscript_format_string.html]GDScript format string[/url] tutorial. </description> </method> <method name="get_base_dir" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <description> If the string is a valid file path, returns the base directory name. + [codeblock] + var dir_path = "/path/to/file.txt".get_base_dir() # dir_path is "/path/to" + [/codeblock] </description> </method> <method name="get_basename" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <description> - If the string is a valid file path, returns the full file path without the extension. + If the string is a valid file path, returns the full file path, without the extension. + [codeblock] + var base = "/path/to/file.txt".get_basename() # base is "/path/to/file" + [/codeblock] </description> </method> <method name="get_extension" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <description> - Returns the extension without the leading period character ([code].[/code]) if the string is a valid file name or path. If the string does not contain an extension, returns an empty string instead. + If the string is a valid file name or path, returns the file extension without the leading period ([code].[/code]). Otherwise, returns an empty string. [codeblock] - print("/path/to/file.txt".get_extension()) # "txt" - print("file.txt".get_extension()) # "txt" - print("file.sample.txt".get_extension()) # "txt" - print(".txt".get_extension()) # "txt" - print("file.txt.".get_extension()) # "" (empty string) - print("file.txt..".get_extension()) # "" (empty string) - print("txt".get_extension()) # "" (empty string) - print("".get_extension()) # "" (empty string) + var a = "/path/to/file.txt".get_extension() # a is "txt" + var b = "cool.txt".get_extension() # b is "txt" + var c = "cool.font.tres".get_extension() # c is "tres" + var d = ".pack1".get_extension() # d is "pack1" + + var e = "file.txt.".get_extension() # e is "" + var f = "file.txt..".get_extension() # f is "" + var g = "txt".get_extension() # g is "" + var h = "".get_extension() # h is "" [/codeblock] </description> </method> <method name="get_file" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <description> - If the string is a valid file path, returns the filename. + If the string is a valid file path, returns the file name, including the extension. + [codeblock] + var file = "/path/to/icon.png".get_file() # file is "icon.png" + [/codeblock] </description> </method> <method name="get_slice" qualifiers="const"> @@ -237,11 +281,11 @@ <param index="0" name="delimiter" type="String" /> <param index="1" name="slice" type="int" /> <description> - Splits a string using a [param delimiter] and returns a substring at index [param slice]. Returns an empty string if the index doesn't exist. - This is a more performant alternative to [method split] for cases when you need only one element from the array at a fixed index. + Splits the string using a [param delimiter] and returns the substring at index [param slice]. Returns an empty string if the [param slice] does not exist. + This is faster than [method split], if you only need one substring. [b]Example:[/b] [codeblock] - print("i/am/example/string".get_slice("/", 2)) # Prints 'example'. + print("i/am/example/hi".get_slice("/", 2)) # Prints "example" [/codeblock] </description> </method> @@ -249,7 +293,7 @@ <return type="int" /> <param index="0" name="delimiter" type="String" /> <description> - Splits a string using a [param delimiter] and returns a number of slices. + Returns the total number of slices when the string is split with the given [param delimiter] (see [method split]). </description> </method> <method name="get_slicec" qualifiers="const"> @@ -257,29 +301,29 @@ <param index="0" name="delimiter" type="int" /> <param index="1" name="slice" type="int" /> <description> - Splits a string using a Unicode character with code [param delimiter] and returns a substring at index [param slice]. Returns an empty string if the index doesn't exist. - This is a more performant alternative to [method split] for cases when you need only one element from the array at a fixed index. + Splits the string using a Unicode character with code [param delimiter] and returns the substring at index [param slice]. Returns an empty string if the [param slice] does not exist. + This is faster than [method split], if you only need one substring. </description> </method> <method name="hash" qualifiers="const"> <return type="int" /> <description> Returns the 32-bit hash value representing the string's contents. - [b]Note:[/b] [String]s with equal content will always produce identical hash values. However, the reverse is not true. Returning identical hash values does [i]not[/i] imply the strings are equal, because different strings can have identical hash values due to hash collisions. + [b]Note:[/b] Strings with equal hash values are [i]not[/i] guaranteed to be the same, as a result of hash collisions. On the countrary, strings with different hash values are guaranteed to be different. </description> </method> <method name="hex_to_int" qualifiers="const"> <return type="int" /> <description> - Converts a string containing a hexadecimal number into an integer. Hexadecimal strings can either be prefixed with [code]0x[/code] or not, and they can also start with a [code]-[/code] before the optional prefix. + Converts the string representing a hexadecimal number into an [int]. The string may be optionally prefixed with [code]"0x"[/code], and an additional [code]-[/code] prefix for negative numbers. [codeblocks] [gdscript] - print("0xff".hex_to_int()) # Prints "255". - print("ab".hex_to_int()) # Prints "171". + print("0xff".hex_to_int()) # Prints 255 + print("ab".hex_to_int()) # Prints 171 [/gdscript] [csharp] - GD.Print("0xff".HexToInt()); // Prints "255". - GD.Print("ab".HexToInt()); // Prints "171". + GD.Print("0xff".HexToInt()); // Prints 255 + GD.Print("ab".HexToInt()); // Prints 171 [/csharp] [/codeblocks] </description> @@ -288,17 +332,16 @@ <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="size" type="int" /> <description> - Converts an integer representing a number of bytes into a human-readable form. - Note that this output is in [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_prefix#IEC_prefixes]IEC prefix format[/url], and includes [code]B[/code], [code]KiB[/code], [code]MiB[/code], [code]GiB[/code], [code]TiB[/code], [code]PiB[/code], and [code]EiB[/code]. + Converts [param size] which represents a number of bytes into a human-readable form. + The result is in [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_prefix#IEC_prefixes]IEC prefix format[/url], which may end in either [code]"B"[/code], [code]"KiB"[/code], [code]"MiB"[/code], [code]"GiB"[/code], [code]"TiB"[/code], [code]"PiB"[/code], or [code]"EiB"[/code]. </description> </method> <method name="indent" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="prefix" type="String" /> <description> - Returns a copy of the string with lines indented with [param prefix]. - For example, the string can be indented with two tabs using [code]"\t\t"[/code], or four spaces using [code]" "[/code]. The prefix can be any string so it can also be used to comment out strings with e.g. [code]"# "[/code]. See also [method dedent] to remove indentation. - [b]Note:[/b] Empty lines are kept empty. + Indents every line of the string with the given [param prefix]. Empty lines are not indented. See also [method dedent] to remove indentation. + For example, the string can be indented with two tabulations using [code]"\t\t"[/code], or four spaces using [code]" "[/code]. </description> </method> <method name="insert" qualifiers="const"> @@ -306,57 +349,65 @@ <param index="0" name="position" type="int" /> <param index="1" name="what" type="String" /> <description> - Returns a copy of the string with the substring [param what] inserted at the given [param position]. + Inserts [param what] at the given [param position] in the string. </description> </method> <method name="is_absolute_path" qualifiers="const"> <return type="bool" /> <description> - Returns [code]true[/code] if the string is a path to a file or directory and its starting point is explicitly defined. This includes [code]res://[/code], [code]user://[/code], [code]C:\[/code], [code]/[/code], etc. + Returns [code]true[/code] if the string is a path to a file or directory, and its starting point is explicitly defined. This method is the opposite of [method is_relative_path]. + This includes all paths starting with [code]"res://"[/code], [code]"user://"[/code], [code]"C:\"[/code], [code]"/"[/code], etc. </description> </method> <method name="is_empty" qualifiers="const"> <return type="bool" /> <description> - Returns [code]true[/code] if the length of the string equals [code]0[/code]. + Returns [code]true[/code] if the string's length is [code]0[/code] ([code]""[/code]). See also [method length]. </description> </method> <method name="is_relative_path" qualifiers="const"> <return type="bool" /> <description> - Returns [code]true[/code] if the string is a path to a file or directory and its starting point is implicitly defined within the context it is being used. The starting point may refer to the current directory ([code]./[/code]), or the current [Node]. + Returns [code]true[/code] if the string is a path, and its starting point is dependent on context. The path could begin from the current directory, or the current [Node] (if the string is derived from a [NodePath]), and may sometimes be prefixed with [code]"./"[/code]. This method is the opposite of [method is_absolute_path]. </description> </method> <method name="is_subsequence_of" qualifiers="const"> <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="text" type="String" /> <description> - Returns [code]true[/code] if this string is a subsequence of the given string. + Returns [code]true[/code] if all characters of this string can be found in [param text] in their original order. + [codeblock] + var text = "Wow, incredible!" + + print("inedible".is_subsequence_of(text)) # Prints true + print("Word!".is_subsequence_of(text)) # Prints true + print("Window".is_subsequence_of(text)) # Prints false + print("".is_subsequence_of(text)) # Prints true + [/codeblock] </description> </method> <method name="is_subsequence_ofn" qualifiers="const"> <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="text" type="String" /> <description> - Returns [code]true[/code] if this string is a subsequence of the given string, without considering case. + Returns [code]true[/code] if all characters of this string can be found in [param text] in their original order, [b]ignoring case[/b]. </description> </method> <method name="is_valid_filename" qualifiers="const"> <return type="bool" /> <description> - Returns [code]true[/code] if this string is free from characters that aren't allowed in file names, those being: - [code]: / \ ? * " | % < >[/code] + Returns [code]true[/code] if this string does not contain characters that are not allowed in file names ([code]:[/code] [code]/[/code] [code]\[/code] [code]?[/code] [code]*[/code] [code]"[/code] [code]|[/code] [code]%[/code] [code]<[/code] [code]>[/code]). </description> </method> <method name="is_valid_float" qualifiers="const"> <return type="bool" /> <description> - Returns [code]true[/code] if this string contains a valid float. This is inclusive of integers, and also supports exponents: + Returns [code]true[/code] if this string represents a valid floating-point number. A valid float may contain only digits, one decimal point ([code].[/code]), and the exponent letter ([code]e[/code]). It may also be prefixed with a positive ([code]+[/code]) or negative ([code]-[/code]) sign. Any valid integer is also a valid float (see [method is_valid_int]). See also [method to_float]. [codeblock] - print("1.7".is_valid_float()) # Prints "true" - print("24".is_valid_float()) # Prints "true" - print("7e3".is_valid_float()) # Prints "true" - print("Hello".is_valid_float()) # Prints "false" + print("1.7".is_valid_float()) # Prints true + print("24".is_valid_float()) # Prints true + print("7e3".is_valid_float()) # Prints true + print("Hello".is_valid_float()) # Prints false [/codeblock] </description> </method> @@ -364,57 +415,73 @@ <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="with_prefix" type="bool" default="false" /> <description> - Returns [code]true[/code] if this string contains a valid hexadecimal number. If [param with_prefix] is [code]true[/code], then a validity of the hexadecimal number is determined by the [code]0x[/code] prefix, for example: [code]0xDEADC0DE[/code]. + Returns [code]true[/code] if this string is a valid hexadecimal number. A valid hexadecimal number only contains digits or letters [code]A[/code] to [code]F[/code] (either uppercase or lowercase), and may be prefixed with a positive ([code]+[/code]) or negative ([code]-[/code]) sign. + If [param with_prefix] is [code]true[/code], the hexadecimal number needs to prefixed by [code]"0x"[/code] to be considered valid. + [codeblock] + print("A08E".is_valid_hex_number()) # Prints true + print("-AbCdEf".is_valid_hex_number()) # Prints true + print("2.5".is_valid_hex_number()) # Prints false + + print("0xDEADC0DE".is_valid_hex_number(true)) # Prints true + [/codeblock] </description> </method> <method name="is_valid_html_color" qualifiers="const"> <return type="bool" /> <description> - Returns [code]true[/code] if this string contains a valid color in hexadecimal HTML notation. Other HTML notations such as named colors or [code]hsl()[/code] colors aren't considered valid by this method and will return [code]false[/code]. + Returns [code]true[/code] if this string is a valid color in hexadecimal HTML notation. The string must be a hexadecimal value (see [method is_valid_hex_number]) of either 3, 4, 6 or 8 digits, and may be prefixed by a hash sign ([code]#[/code]). Other HTML notations for colors, such as names or [code]hsl()[/code], are not considered valid. See also [method Color.html]. </description> </method> <method name="is_valid_identifier" qualifiers="const"> <return type="bool" /> <description> - Returns [code]true[/code] if this string is a valid identifier. A valid identifier may contain only letters, digits and underscores ([code]_[/code]) and the first character may not be a digit. + Returns [code]true[/code] if this string is a valid identifier. A valid identifier may contain only letters, digits and underscores ([code]_[/code]), and the first character may not be a digit. [codeblock] - print("good_ident_1".is_valid_identifier()) # Prints "true" - print("1st_bad_ident".is_valid_identifier()) # Prints "false" - print("bad_ident_#2".is_valid_identifier()) # Prints "false" + print("node_2d".is_valid_identifier()) # Prints true + print("TYPE_FLOAT".is_valid_identifier()) # Prints true + print("1st_method".is_valid_identifier()) # Prints false + print("MyMethod#2".is_valid_identifier()) # Prints false [/codeblock] </description> </method> <method name="is_valid_int" qualifiers="const"> <return type="bool" /> <description> - Returns [code]true[/code] if this string contains a valid integer. + Returns [code]true[/code] if this string represents a valid integer. A valid integer only contains digits, and may be prefixed with a positive ([code]+[/code]) or negative ([code]-[/code]) sign. See also [method to_int]. [codeblock] - print("7".is_valid_int()) # Prints "true" - print("14.6".is_valid_int()) # Prints "false" - print("L".is_valid_int()) # Prints "false" - print("+3".is_valid_int()) # Prints "true" - print("-12".is_valid_int()) # Prints "true" + print("7".is_valid_int()) # Prints true + print("1.65".is_valid_int()) # Prints false + print("Hi".is_valid_int()) # Prints false + print("+3".is_valid_int()) # Prints true + print("-12".is_valid_int()) # Prints true [/codeblock] </description> </method> <method name="is_valid_ip_address" qualifiers="const"> <return type="bool" /> <description> - Returns [code]true[/code] if this string contains only a well-formatted IPv4 or IPv6 address. This method considers [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserved_IP_addresses]reserved IP addresses[/url] such as [code]0.0.0.0[/code] as valid. + Returns [code]true[/code] if this string represents a well-formatted IPv4 or IPv6 address. This method considers [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserved_IP_addresses]reserved IP addresses[/url] such as [code]"0.0.0.0"[/code] and [code]"ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff"[/code] as valid. </description> </method> <method name="join" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="parts" type="PackedStringArray" /> <description> - Returns a [String] which is the concatenation of the [param parts]. The separator between elements is the string providing this method. + Returns the concatenation of [param parts]' elements, with each element separated by the string calling this method. This method is the opposite of [method split]. [b]Example:[/b] [codeblocks] [gdscript] - print(", ".join(["One", "Two", "Three", "Four"])) + var fruits = ["Apple", "Orange", "Pear", "Kiwi"] + + print(", ".join(fruits)) # Prints "Apple, Orange, Pear, Kiwi" + print("---".join(fruits)) # Prints "Apple---Orange---Pear---Kiwi" [/gdscript] [csharp] - GD.Print(String.Join(",", new string[] {"One", "Two", "Three", "Four"})); + var fruits = new string[] {"Apple", "Orange", "Pear", "Kiwi"}; + + // In C#, this method is static. + GD.Print(string.Join(", ", fruits); // Prints "Apple, Orange, Pear, Kiwi" + GD.Print(string.Join("---", fruits)); // Prints "Apple---Orange---Pear---Kiwi" [/csharp] [/codeblocks] </description> @@ -422,25 +489,24 @@ <method name="json_escape" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <description> - Returns a copy of the string with special characters escaped using the JSON standard. + Returns a copy of the string with special characters escaped using the JSON standard. Because it closely matches the C standard, it is possible to use [method c_unescape] to unescape the string, if necessary. </description> </method> <method name="left" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="length" type="int" /> <description> - Returns a number of characters from the left of the string. If negative [param length] is used, the characters are counted downwards from [String]'s length. - [b]Example:[/b] + Returns the first [param length] characters from the beginning of the string. If [param length] is negative, strips the last [param length] characters from the string's end. [codeblock] - print("sample text".left(3)) #prints "sam" - print("sample text".left(-3)) #prints "sample t" + print("Hello World!".left(3)) # Prints "Hel" + print("Hello World!".left(-4)) # Prints "Hello Wo" [/codeblock] </description> </method> <method name="length" qualifiers="const"> <return type="int" /> <description> - Returns the number of characters in the string. + Returns the number of characters in the string. Empty strings ([code]""[/code]) always return [code]0[/code]. See also [method is_empty]. </description> </method> <method name="lpad" qualifiers="const"> @@ -448,62 +514,60 @@ <param index="0" name="min_length" type="int" /> <param index="1" name="character" type="String" default="" "" /> <description> - Formats a string to be at least [param min_length] long by adding [param character]s to the left of the string. + Formats the string to be at least [param min_length] long by adding [param character]s to the left of the string, if necessary. See also [method rpad]. </description> </method> <method name="lstrip" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="chars" type="String" /> <description> - Returns a copy of the string with characters removed from the left. The [param chars] argument is a string specifying the set of characters to be removed. - [b]Note:[/b] The [param chars] is not a prefix. See [method trim_prefix] method that will remove a single prefix string rather than a set of characters. + Removes a set of characters defined in [param chars] from the string's beginning. See also [method rstrip]. + [b]Note:[/b] [param chars] is not a prefix. Use [method trim_prefix] to remove a single prefix, rather than a set of characters. </description> </method> <method name="match" qualifiers="const"> <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="expr" type="String" /> <description> - Does a simple case-sensitive expression match, where [code]"*"[/code] matches zero or more arbitrary characters and [code]"?"[/code] matches any single character except a period ([code]"."[/code]). An empty string or empty expression always evaluates to [code]false[/code]. + Does a simple expression match, where [code]*[/code] matches zero or more arbitrary characters and [code]?[/code] matches any single character except a period ([code].[/code]). An empty string or empty expression always evaluates to [code]false[/code]. </description> </method> <method name="matchn" qualifiers="const"> <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="expr" type="String" /> <description> - Does a simple case-insensitive expression match, where [code]"*"[/code] matches zero or more arbitrary characters and [code]"?"[/code] matches any single character except a period ([code]"."[/code]). An empty string or empty expression always evaluates to [code]false[/code]. + Does a simple [b]case-insensitive[/b] expression match, where [code]*[/code] matches zero or more arbitrary characters and [code]?[/code] matches any single character except a period ([code].[/code]). An empty string or empty expression always evaluates to [code]false[/code]. </description> </method> <method name="md5_buffer" qualifiers="const"> <return type="PackedByteArray" /> <description> - Returns the MD5 hash of the string as an array of bytes. + Returns the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5]MD5 hash[/url] of the string as a [PackedByteArray]. </description> </method> <method name="md5_text" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <description> - Returns the MD5 hash of the string as a string. + Returns the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5]MD5 hash[/url] of the string as another [String]. </description> </method> <method name="naturalnocasecmp_to" qualifiers="const"> <return type="int" /> <param index="0" name="to" type="String" /> <description> - Performs a case-insensitive [i]natural order[/i] comparison to another string. Returns [code]-1[/code] if less than, [code]1[/code] if greater than, or [code]0[/code] if equal. "less than" or "greater than" are determined by the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters]Unicode code points[/url] of each string, which roughly matches the alphabetical order. Internally, lowercase characters will be converted to uppercase during the comparison. - When used for sorting, natural order comparison will order suites of numbers as expected by most people. If you sort the numbers from 1 to 10 using natural order, you will get [code][1, 2, 3, ...][/code] instead of [code][1, 10, 2, 3, ...][/code]. - [b]Behavior with different string lengths:[/b] Returns [code]1[/code] if the "base" string is longer than the [param to] string or [code]-1[/code] if the "base" string is shorter than the [param to] string. Keep in mind this length is determined by the number of Unicode codepoints, [i]not[/i] the actual visible characters. - [b]Behavior with empty strings:[/b] Returns [code]-1[/code] if the "base" string is empty, [code]1[/code] if the [param to] string is empty or [code]0[/code] if both strings are empty. - To get a boolean result from a string comparison, use the [code]==[/code] operator instead. See also [method nocasecmp_to] and [method casecmp_to]. + Performs a [b]case-insensitive[/b], [i]natural order[/i] comparison to another string. Returns [code]-1[/code] if less than, [code]1[/code] if greater than, or [code]0[/code] if equal. "Less than" or "greater than" are determined by the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters]Unicode code points[/url] of each string, which roughly matches the alphabetical order. Internally, lowercase characters are converted to uppercase for the comparison. + When used for sorting, natural order comparison orders sequences of numbers by the combined value of each digit as is often expected, instead of the single digit's value. A sorted sequence of numbered strings will be [code]["1", "2", "3", ...][/code], not [code]["1", "10", "2", "3", ...][/code]. + With different string lengths, returns [code]1[/code] if this string is longer than the [param to] string, or [code]-1[/code] if shorter. Note that the length of empty strings is [i]always[/i] [code]0[/code]. + To get a [bool] result from a string comparison, use the [code]==[/code] operator instead. See also [method nocasecmp_to] and [method casecmp_to]. </description> </method> <method name="nocasecmp_to" qualifiers="const"> <return type="int" /> <param index="0" name="to" type="String" /> <description> - Performs a case-insensitive comparison to another string. Returns [code]-1[/code] if less than, [code]1[/code] if greater than, or [code]0[/code] if equal. "less than" or "greater than" are determined by the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters]Unicode code points[/url] of each string, which roughly matches the alphabetical order. Internally, lowercase characters will be converted to uppercase during the comparison. - [b]Behavior with different string lengths:[/b] Returns [code]1[/code] if the "base" string is longer than the [param to] string or [code]-1[/code] if the "base" string is shorter than the [param to] string. Keep in mind this length is determined by the number of Unicode codepoints, [i]not[/i] the actual visible characters. - [b]Behavior with empty strings:[/b] Returns [code]-1[/code] if the "base" string is empty, [code]1[/code] if the [param to] string is empty or [code]0[/code] if both strings are empty. - To get a boolean result from a string comparison, use the [code]==[/code] operator instead. See also [method casecmp_to] and [method naturalnocasecmp_to]. + Performs a [b]case-insensitive[/b] comparison to another string. Returns [code]-1[/code] if less than, [code]1[/code] if greater than, or [code]0[/code] if equal. "Less than" or "greater than" are determined by the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters]Unicode code points[/url] of each string, which roughly matches the alphabetical order. Internally, lowercase characters are converted to uppercase for the comparison. + With different string lengths, returns [code]1[/code] if this string is longer than the [param to] string, or [code]-1[/code] if shorter. Note that the length of empty strings is [i]always[/i] [code]0[/code]. + To get a [bool] result from a string comparison, use the [code]==[/code] operator instead. See also [method casecmp_to] and [method naturalnocasecmp_to]. </description> </method> <method name="num" qualifiers="static"> @@ -511,20 +575,22 @@ <param index="0" name="number" type="float" /> <param index="1" name="decimals" type="int" default="-1" /> <description> - Converts a [float] to a string representation of a decimal number. - The number of decimal places can be specified with [param decimals]. If [param decimals] is [code]-1[/code] (default), decimal places will be automatically adjusted so that the string representation has 14 significant digits (counting both digits to the left and the right of the decimal point). - Trailing zeros are not included in the string. The last digit will be rounded and not truncated. + Converts a [float] to a string representation of a decimal number, with the number of decimal places specified in [param decimals]. + If [param decimals] is [code]-1[/code] as by default, the string representation may only have up to 14 significant digits, with digits before the decimal point having priority over digits after. + Trailing zeros are not included in the string. The last digit is rounded, not truncated. [b]Example:[/b] [codeblock] - String.num(3.141593) # "3.141593" - String.num(3.141593, 3) # "3.142" - String.num(3.14159300) # "3.141593", no trailing zeros. - # Last digit will be rounded up here, which reduces total digit count since - # trailing zeros are removed: - String.num(42.129999, 5) # "42.13" - # If `decimals` is not specified, the total number of significant digits is 14: - String.num(-0.0000012345432123454321) # "-0.00000123454321" - String.num(-10000.0000012345432123454321) # "-10000.0000012345" + String.num(3.141593) # Returns "3.141593" + String.num(3.141593, 3) # Returns "3.142" + String.num(3.14159300) # Returns "3.141593" + + # Here, the last digit will be rounded up, + # which reduces the total digit count, since trailing zeros are removed: + String.num(42.129999, 5) # Returns "42.13" + + # If `decimals` is not specified, the maximum number of significant digits is 14: + String.num(-0.0000012345432123454321) # Returns "-0.00000123454321" + String.num(-10000.0000012345432123454321) # Returns "-10000.0000012345" [/codeblock] </description> </method> @@ -534,13 +600,31 @@ <param index="1" name="base" type="int" default="10" /> <param index="2" name="capitalize_hex" type="bool" default="false" /> <description> - Converts a signed [int] to a string representation of a number. + Converts the given [param number] to a string representation, with the given [param base]. + By default, [param base] is set to decimal ([code]10[/code]). Other common bases in programming include binary ([code]2[/code]), [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octal]octal[/url] ([code]8[/code]), hexadecimal ([code]16[/code]). + If [param capitalize_hex] is [code]true[/code], digits higher than 9 are represented in uppercase. </description> </method> <method name="num_scientific" qualifiers="static"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="number" type="float" /> <description> + Converts the given [param number] to a string representation, in scientific notation. + [codeblocks] + [gdscript] + var n = -5.2e8 + print(n) # Prints -520000000 + print(String.NumScientific(n)) # Prints -5.2e+08 + [/gdscript] + [csharp] + // This method is not implemented in C#. + // Use `string.ToString()` with "e" to achieve similar results. + var n = -5.2e8f; + GD.Print(n); // Prints -520000000 + GD.Print(n.ToString("e1")); // Prints -5.2e+008 + [/csharp] + [/codeblocks] + [b]Note:[/b] In C#, this method is not implemented. To achieve similar results, see C#'s [url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/base-types/standard-numeric-format-strings]Standard numeric format strings[/url] </description> </method> <method name="num_uint64" qualifiers="static"> @@ -549,35 +633,38 @@ <param index="1" name="base" type="int" default="10" /> <param index="2" name="capitalize_hex" type="bool" default="false" /> <description> - Converts a unsigned [int] to a string representation of a number. + Converts the given unsigned [int] to a string representation, with the given [param base]. + By default, [param base] is set to decimal ([code]10[/code]). Other common bases in programming include binary ([code]2[/code]), [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octal]octal[/url] ([code]8[/code]), hexadecimal ([code]16[/code]). + If [param capitalize_hex] is [code]true[/code], digits higher than 9 are represented in uppercase. </description> </method> <method name="pad_decimals" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="digits" type="int" /> <description> - Formats a number to have an exact number of [param digits] after the decimal point. + Formats the string representing a number to have an exact number of [param digits] [i]after[/i] the decimal point. </description> </method> <method name="pad_zeros" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="digits" type="int" /> <description> - Formats a number to have an exact number of [param digits] before the decimal point. + Formats the string representing a number to have an exact number of [param digits] [i]before[/i] the decimal point. </description> </method> <method name="path_join" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="file" type="String" /> <description> - If the string is a path, this concatenates [param file] at the end of the string as a subpath. E.g. [code]"this/is".path_join("path") == "this/is/path"[/code]. + Concatenates [param file] at the end of the string as a subpath, adding [code]/[/code] if necessary. + [b]Example:[/b] [code]"this/is".path_join("path") == "this/is/path"[/code]. </description> </method> <method name="repeat" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="count" type="int" /> <description> - Returns original string repeated a number of times. The number of repetitions is given by the argument. + Repeats this string a number of times. [param count] needs to be greater than [code]0[/code]. Otherwise, returns an empty string. </description> </method> <method name="replace" qualifiers="const"> @@ -585,7 +672,7 @@ <param index="0" name="what" type="String" /> <param index="1" name="forwhat" type="String" /> <description> - Replaces occurrences of a case-sensitive substring with the given one inside the string. + Replaces all occurrences of [param what] inside the string with the given [param forwhat]. </description> </method> <method name="replacen" qualifiers="const"> @@ -593,7 +680,7 @@ <param index="0" name="what" type="String" /> <param index="1" name="forwhat" type="String" /> <description> - Replaces occurrences of a case-insensitive substring with the given one inside the string. + Replaces all [b]case-insensitive[/b] occurrences of [param what] inside the string with the given [param forwhat]. </description> </method> <method name="rfind" qualifiers="const"> @@ -601,7 +688,7 @@ <param index="0" name="what" type="String" /> <param index="1" name="from" type="int" default="-1" /> <description> - Returns the index of the [b]last[/b] case-sensitive occurrence of the specified string in this instance, or [code]-1[/code]. Optionally, the starting search index can be specified, continuing to the beginning of the string. + Returns the index of the [b]last[/b] occurrence of [param what] in this string, or [code]-1[/code] if there are none. The search's start can be specified with [param from], continuing to the beginning of the string. This method is the reverse of [method find]. </description> </method> <method name="rfindn" qualifiers="const"> @@ -609,18 +696,17 @@ <param index="0" name="what" type="String" /> <param index="1" name="from" type="int" default="-1" /> <description> - Returns the index of the [b]last[/b] case-insensitive occurrence of the specified string in this instance, or [code]-1[/code]. Optionally, the starting search index can be specified, continuing to the beginning of the string. + Returns the index of the [b]last[/b] [b]case-insensitive[/b] occurrence of [param what] in this string, or [code]-1[/code] if there are none. The starting search index can be specified with [param from], continuing to the beginning of the string. This method is the reverse of [method findn]. </description> </method> <method name="right" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="length" type="int" /> <description> - Returns a number of characters from the right of the string. If negative [param length] is used, the characters are counted downwards from [String]'s length. - [b]Example:[/b] + Returns the last [param length] characters from the end of the string. If [param length] is negative, strips the first [param length] characters from the string's beginning. [codeblock] - print("sample text".right(3)) #prints "ext" - print("sample text".right(-3)) #prints "ple text" + print("Hello World!".right(3)) # Prints "ld!" + print("Hello World!".right(-4)) # Prints "o World!" [/codeblock] </description> </method> @@ -629,7 +715,7 @@ <param index="0" name="min_length" type="int" /> <param index="1" name="character" type="String" default="" "" /> <description> - Formats a string to be at least [param min_length] long by adding [param character]s to the right of the string. + Formats the string to be at least [param min_length] long, by adding [param character]s to the right of the string, if necessary. See also [method lpad]. </description> </method> <method name="rsplit" qualifiers="const"> @@ -638,21 +724,21 @@ <param index="1" name="allow_empty" type="bool" default="true" /> <param index="2" name="maxsplit" type="int" default="0" /> <description> - Splits the string by a [param delimiter] string and returns an array of the substrings, starting from right. If [param delimiter] is an empty string, each substring will be a single character. - The splits in the returned array are sorted in the same order as the original string, from left to right. - If [param allow_empty] is [code]true[/code], and there are two adjacent delimiters in the string, it will add an empty string to the array of substrings at this position. - If [param maxsplit] is specified, it defines the number of splits to do from the right up to [param maxsplit]. The default value of 0 means that all items are split, thus giving the same result as [method split]. + Splits the string using a [param delimiter] and returns an array of the substrings, starting from the end of the string. The splits in the returned array appear in the same order as the original string. If [param delimiter] is an empty string, each substring will be a single character. + If [param allow_empty] is [code]false[/code], empty strings between adjacent delimiters are excluded from the array. + If [param maxsplit] is greater than [code]0[/code], the number of splits may not exceed [param maxsplit]. By default, the entire string is split, which is mostly identical to [method split]. [b]Example:[/b] [codeblocks] [gdscript] var some_string = "One,Two,Three,Four" var some_array = some_string.rsplit(",", true, 1) + print(some_array.size()) # Prints 2 - print(some_array[0]) # Prints "One,Two,Three" - print(some_array[1]) # Prints "Four" + print(some_array[0]) # Prints "One,Two,Three" + print(some_array[1]) # Prints "Four" [/gdscript] [csharp] - // There is no Rsplit. + // In C#, there is no String.RSplit() method. [/csharp] [/codeblocks] </description> @@ -661,51 +747,55 @@ <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="chars" type="String" /> <description> - Returns a copy of the string with characters removed from the right. The [param chars] argument is a string specifying the set of characters to be removed. - [b]Note:[/b] The [param chars] is not a suffix. See [method trim_suffix] method that will remove a single suffix string rather than a set of characters. + Removes a set of characters defined in [param chars] from the string's end. See also [method lstrip]. + [b]Note:[/b] [param chars] is not a suffix. Use [method trim_suffix] to remove a single suffix, rather than a set of characters. </description> </method> <method name="sha1_buffer" qualifiers="const"> <return type="PackedByteArray" /> <description> - Returns the SHA-1 hash of the string as an array of bytes. + Returns the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-1]SHA-1[/url] hash of the string as a [PackedByteArray]. </description> </method> <method name="sha1_text" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <description> - Returns the SHA-1 hash of the string as a string. + Returns the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-1]SHA-1[/url] hash of the string as another [String]. </description> </method> <method name="sha256_buffer" qualifiers="const"> <return type="PackedByteArray" /> <description> - Returns the SHA-256 hash of the string as an array of bytes. + Returns the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2]SHA-256[/url] hash of the string as a [PackedByteArray]. </description> </method> <method name="sha256_text" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <description> - Returns the SHA-256 hash of the string as a string. + Returns the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2]SHA-256[/url] hash of the string as another [String]. </description> </method> <method name="similarity" qualifiers="const"> <return type="float" /> <param index="0" name="text" type="String" /> <description> - Returns the similarity index ([url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B8rensen%E2%80%93Dice_coefficient]Sorensen-Dice coefficient[/url]) of this string compared to another. A result of 1.0 means totally similar, while 0.0 means totally dissimilar. + Returns the similarity index ([url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B8rensen%E2%80%93Dice_coefficient]Sorensen-Dice coefficient[/url]) of this string compared to another. A result of [code]1.0[/code] means totally similar, while [code]0.0[/code] means totally dissimilar. [codeblock] - print("ABC123".similarity("ABC123")) # Prints "1" - print("ABC123".similarity("XYZ456")) # Prints "0" - print("ABC123".similarity("123ABC")) # Prints "0.8" - print("ABC123".similarity("abc123")) # Prints "0.4" + print("ABC123".similarity("ABC123")) # Prints 1.0 + print("ABC123".similarity("XYZ456")) # Prints 0.0 + print("ABC123".similarity("123ABC")) # Prints 0.8 + print("ABC123".similarity("abc123")) # Prints 0.4 [/codeblock] </description> </method> <method name="simplify_path" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <description> - Returns a simplified canonical path. + If the string is a valid file path, converts the string into a canonical path. This is the shortest possible path, without [code]"./"[/code], and all the unnecessary [code]".."[/code] and [code]"/"[/code]. + [codeblock] + var simple_path = "./path/to///../file".simplify_path() + print(simple_path) # Prints "path/file" + [/codeblock] </description> </method> <method name="split" qualifiers="const"> @@ -714,37 +804,43 @@ <param index="1" name="allow_empty" type="bool" default="true" /> <param index="2" name="maxsplit" type="int" default="0" /> <description> - Splits the string by a [param delimiter] string and returns an array of the substrings. The [param delimiter] can be of any length. If [param delimiter] is an empty string, each substring will be a single character. - If [param allow_empty] is [code]true[/code], and there are two adjacent delimiters in the string, it will add an empty string to the array of substrings at this position. - If [param maxsplit] is specified, it defines the number of splits to do from the left up to [param maxsplit]. The default value of [code]0[/code] means that all items are split. - If you need only one element from the array at a specific index, [method get_slice] is a more performant option. + Splits the string using a [param delimiter] and returns an array of the substrings. If [param delimiter] is an empty string, each substring will be a single character. This method is the opposite of [method join]. + If [param allow_empty] is [code]false[/code], empty strings between adjacent delimiters are excluded from the array. + If [param maxsplit] is greater than [code]0[/code], the number of splits may not exceed [param maxsplit]. By default, the entire string is split. [b]Example:[/b] [codeblocks] [gdscript] - var some_string = "One,Two,Three,Four" - var some_array = some_string.split(",", true, 1) - print(some_array.size()) # Prints 2 - print(some_array[0]) # Prints "Four" - print(some_array[1]) # Prints "Three,Two,One" + var some_array = "One,Two,Three,Four".split(",", true, 2) + + print(some_array.size()) # Prints 3 + print(some_array[0]) # Prints "One" + print(some_array[1]) # Prints "Two" + print(some_array[2]) # Prints "Three,Four" [/gdscript] [csharp] - var someString = "One,Two,Three,Four"; - var someArray = someString.Split(",", true); // This is as close as it gets to Godots API. - GD.Print(someArray[0]); // Prints "Four" - GD.Print(someArray[1]); // Prints "Three,Two,One" + // C#'s `Split()` does not support the `maxsplit` parameter. + var someArray = "One,Two,Three".Split(","); + + GD.Print(someArray[0]); // Prints "One" + GD.Print(someArray[1]); // Prints "Two" + GD.Print(someArray[2]); // Prints "Three" [/csharp] [/codeblocks] - If you need to split strings with more complex rules, use the [RegEx] class instead. + [b]Note:[/b] If you only need one substring from the array, consider using [method get_slice] which is faster. If you need to split strings with more complex rules, use the [RegEx] class instead. </description> </method> <method name="split_floats" qualifiers="const"> - <return type="PackedFloat32Array" /> + <return type="PackedFloat64Array" /> <param index="0" name="delimiter" type="String" /> <param index="1" name="allow_empty" type="bool" default="true" /> <description> - Splits the string in floats by using a delimiter string and returns an array of the substrings. - For example, [code]"1,2.5,3"[/code] will return [code][1,2.5,3][/code] if split by [code]","[/code]. - If [param allow_empty] is [code]true[/code], and there are two adjacent delimiters in the string, it will add an empty string to the array of substrings at this position. + Splits the string into floats by using a [param delimiter] and returns a [PackedFloat64Array]. + If [param allow_empty] is [code]false[/code], empty or invalid [float] conversions between adjacent delimiters are excluded. + [codeblock] + var a = "1,2,4.5".split_floats(",") # a is [1.0, 2.0, 4.5] + var c = "1| ||4.5".split_floats("|") # c is [1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 4.5] + var b = "1| ||4.5".split_floats("|", false) # b is [1.0, 4.5] + [/codeblock] </description> </method> <method name="strip_edges" qualifiers="const"> @@ -752,13 +848,14 @@ <param index="0" name="left" type="bool" default="true" /> <param index="1" name="right" type="bool" default="true" /> <description> - Returns a copy of the string stripped of any non-printable character (including tabulations, spaces and line breaks) at the beginning and the end. The optional arguments are used to toggle stripping on the left and right edges respectively. + Strips all non-printable characters from the beginning and the end of the string. These include spaces, tabulations ([code]\t[/code]), and newlines ([code]\n[/code] [code]\r[/code]). + If [param left] is [code]false[/code], ignores the string's beginning. Likewise, if [param right] is [code]false[/code], ignores the string's end. </description> </method> <method name="strip_escapes" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <description> - Returns a copy of the string stripped of any escape character. These include all non-printable control characters of the first page of the ASCII table (< 32), such as tabulation ([code]\t[/code] in C) and newline ([code]\n[/code] and [code]\r[/code]) characters, but not spaces. + Strips all escape characters from the string. These include all non-printable control characters of the first page of the ASCII table (values from 0 to 31), such as tabulation ([code]\t[/code]) and newline ([code]\n[/code], [code]\r[/code]) characters, but [i]not[/i] spaces. </description> </method> <method name="substr" qualifiers="const"> @@ -766,13 +863,13 @@ <param index="0" name="from" type="int" /> <param index="1" name="len" type="int" default="-1" /> <description> - Returns part of the string from the position [param from] with length [param len]. Argument [param len] is optional and using [code]-1[/code] will return remaining characters from given position. + Returns part of the string from the position [param from] with length [param len]. If [param len] is [code]-1[/code] (as by default), returns the rest of the string starting from the given position. </description> </method> <method name="to_ascii_buffer" qualifiers="const"> <return type="PackedByteArray" /> <description> - Converts the String (which is a character array) to ASCII/Latin-1 encoded [PackedByteArray] (which is an array of bytes). The conversion is faster compared to [method to_utf8_buffer], as this method assumes that all the characters in the String are ASCII/Latin-1 characters, unsupported characters are replaced with spaces. + Converts the string to an [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII]ASCII[/url]/Latin-1 encoded [PackedByteArray]. This method is slightly faster than [method to_utf8_buffer], but replaces all unsupported characters with spaces. </description> </method> <method name="to_camel_case" qualifiers="const"> @@ -784,23 +881,25 @@ <method name="to_float" qualifiers="const"> <return type="float" /> <description> - Converts a string containing a decimal number into a [code]float[/code]. The method will stop on the first non-number character except the first [code].[/code] (decimal point), and [code]e[/code] which is used for exponential. + Converts the string representing a decimal number into a [float]. This method stops on the first non-number character, except the first decimal point ([code].[/code]) and the exponent letter ([code]e[/code]). See also [method is_valid_float]. [codeblock] - print("12.3".to_float()) # 12.3 - print("1.2.3".to_float()) # 1.2 - print("12ab3".to_float()) # 12 - print("1e3".to_float()) # 1000 + var a = "12.35".to_float() # a is 12.35 + var b = "1.2.3".to_float() # b is 1.2 + var c = "12xy3".to_float() # c is 12.0 + var d = "1e3".to_float() # d is 1000.0 + var e = "Hello!".to_int() # e is 0.0 [/codeblock] </description> </method> <method name="to_int" qualifiers="const"> <return type="int" /> <description> - Converts a string containing an integer number into an [code]int[/code]. The method will remove any non-number character and stop if it encounters a [code].[/code]. + Converts the string representing an integer number into an [int]. This method removes any non-number character and stops at the first decimal point ([code].[/code]). See also [method is_valid_int]. [codeblock] - print("123".to_int()) # 123 - print("a1b2c3".to_int()) # 123 - print("1.2.3".to_int()) # 1 + var a = "123".to_int() # a is 123 + var b = "x1y2z3".to_int() # b is 123 + var c = "-1.2.3".to_int() # c is -1 + var d = "Hello!".to_int() # d is 0 [/codeblock] </description> </method> @@ -831,33 +930,33 @@ <method name="to_utf16_buffer" qualifiers="const"> <return type="PackedByteArray" /> <description> - Converts the String (which is an array of characters) to UTF-16 encoded [PackedByteArray] (which is an array of bytes). + Converts the string to a [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-16]UTF-16[/url] encoded [PackedByteArray]. </description> </method> <method name="to_utf32_buffer" qualifiers="const"> <return type="PackedByteArray" /> <description> - Converts the String (which is an array of characters) to UTF-32 encoded [PackedByteArray] (which is an array of bytes). + Converts the string to a [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-32]UTF-32[/url] encoded [PackedByteArray]. </description> </method> <method name="to_utf8_buffer" qualifiers="const"> <return type="PackedByteArray" /> <description> - Converts the String (which is an array of characters) to UTF-8 encode [PackedByteArray] (which is an array of bytes). The conversion is a bit slower than [method to_ascii_buffer], but supports all UTF-8 characters. Therefore, you should prefer this function over [method to_ascii_buffer]. + Converts the string to a [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8]UTF-8[/url] encoded [PackedByteArray]. This method is slightly slower than [method to_ascii_buffer], but supports all UTF-8 characters. For most cases, prefer using this method. </description> </method> <method name="trim_prefix" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="prefix" type="String" /> <description> - Removes a given string from the start if it starts with it or leaves the string unchanged. + Removes the given [param prefix] from the start of the string, or returns the string unchanged. </description> </method> <method name="trim_suffix" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="suffix" type="String" /> <description> - Removes a given string from the end if it ends with it or leaves the string unchanged. + Removes the given [param suffix] from the end of the string, or returns the string unchanged. </description> </method> <method name="unicode_at" qualifiers="const"> @@ -870,13 +969,15 @@ <method name="uri_decode" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <description> - Decodes a string in URL encoded format. This is meant to decode parameters in a URL when receiving an HTTP request. + Decodes the string from its URL-encoded format. This method is meant to properly decode the parameters in a URL when receiving an HTTP request. [codeblocks] [gdscript] - print("https://example.org/?escaped=" + "Godot%20Engine%3A%27docs%27".uri_decode()) + var url = "$DOCS_URL/?highlight=Godot%20Engine%3%docs" + print(url.uri_decode()) # Prints "$DOCS_URL/?highlight=Godot Engine:docs" [/gdscript] [csharp] - GD.Print("https://example.org/?escaped=" + "Godot%20Engine%3a%27Docs%27".URIDecode()); + var url = "$DOCS_URL/?highlight=Godot%20Engine%3%docs" + GD.Print(url.URIDecode()) // Prints "$DOCS_URL/?highlight=Godot Engine:docs" [/csharp] [/codeblocks] </description> @@ -884,13 +985,19 @@ <method name="uri_encode" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <description> - Encodes a string to URL friendly format. This is meant to encode parameters in a URL when sending an HTTP request. + Encodes the string to URL-friendly format. This method is meant to properly encode the parameters in a URL when sending an HTTP request. [codeblocks] [gdscript] - print("https://example.org/?escaped=" + "Godot Engine:'docs'".uri_encode()) + var prefix = "$DOCS_URL/?highlight=" + var url = prefix + "Godot Engine:docs".uri_encode() + + print(url) # Prints "$DOCS_URL/?highlight=Godot%20Engine%3%docs" [/gdscript] [csharp] - GD.Print("https://example.org/?escaped=" + "Godot Engine:'docs'".URIEncode()); + var prefix = "$DOCS_URL/?highlight="; + var url = prefix + "Godot Engine:docs".URIEncode(); + + GD.Print(url); // Prints "$DOCS_URL/?highlight=Godot%20Engine%3%docs" [/csharp] [/codeblocks] </description> @@ -898,7 +1005,7 @@ <method name="validate_node_name" qualifiers="const"> <return type="String" /> <description> - Removes any characters from the string that are prohibited in [Node] names ([code].[/code] [code]:[/code] [code]@[/code] [code]/[/code] [code]"[/code]). + Removes all characters that are not allowed in [member Node.name] from the string ([code].[/code] [code]:[/code] [code]@[/code] [code]/[/code] [code]"[/code] [code]%[/code]). </description> </method> <method name="xml_escape" qualifiers="const"> @@ -920,66 +1027,94 @@ <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="right" type="String" /> <description> + Returns [code]true[/code] if both strings do not contain the same sequence of characters. </description> </operator> <operator name="operator !="> <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="right" type="StringName" /> <description> + Returns [code]true[/code] if this [String] is not equivalent to the given [StringName]. </description> </operator> <operator name="operator %"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="right" type="Variant" /> <description> + Formats the [String], replacing the placeholders with one or more parameters. + To pass multiple parameters, [param right] needs to be an [Array]. + [codeblock] + print("I caught %d fishes!" % 2) # Prints "I caught 2 fishes!" + + var my_message = "Travelling to %s, at %2.2f per second." + var location = "Deep Valley" + var speed = 40.3485 + print(my_message % [location, speed]) # Prints "Travelling to Deep Valley, at 40.35 km/h." + [/codeblock] + In C#, there is no direct equivalent to this operator. Use the [method format] method, instead. + For more information, see the [url=$DOCS_URL/tutorials/scripting/gdscript/gdscript_format_string.html]GDScript format strings[/url] tutorial. </description> </operator> <operator name="operator +"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="right" type="String" /> <description> + Appends [param right] at the end of this [String], also known as a string concatenation. + </description> + </operator> + <operator name="operator +"> + <return type="String" /> + <param index="0" name="right" type="StringName" /> + <description> </description> </operator> <operator name="operator <"> <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="right" type="String" /> <description> + Returns [code]true[/code] if the left [String] comes before [param right] in [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters]Unicode order[/url], which roughly matches the alphabetical order. Useful for sorting. </description> </operator> <operator name="operator <="> <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="right" type="String" /> <description> + Returns [code]true[/code] if the left [String] comes before [param right] in [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters]Unicode order[/url], which roughly matches the alphabetical order, or if both are equal. </description> </operator> <operator name="operator =="> <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="right" type="String" /> <description> + Returns [code]true[/code] if both strings contain the same sequence of characters. </description> </operator> <operator name="operator =="> <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="right" type="StringName" /> <description> + Returns [code]true[/code] if this [String] is equivalent to the given [StringName]. </description> </operator> <operator name="operator >"> <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="right" type="String" /> <description> + Returns [code]true[/code] if the left [String] comes after [param right] in [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters]Unicode order[/url], which roughly matches the alphabetical order. Useful for sorting. </description> </operator> <operator name="operator >="> <return type="bool" /> <param index="0" name="right" type="String" /> <description> + Returns [code]true[/code] if the left [String] comes after [param right] in [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters]Unicode order[/url], which roughly matches the alphabetical order, or if both are equal. </description> </operator> <operator name="operator []"> <return type="String" /> <param index="0" name="index" type="int" /> <description> + Returns a new [String] that only contains the character at [param index]. Indices start from [code]0[/code]. If [param index] is greater or equal to [code]0[/code], the character is fetched starting from the beginning of the string. If [param index] is a negative value, it is fetched starting from the end. Accessing a string out-of-bounds will cause a run-time error, pausing the project execution if run from the editor. </description> </operator> </operators> |