HarfBuzz: Update to version 4.3.0

45 files changed, 3052 insertions, 2659 deletions

diff --git a/thirdparty/README.md b/thirdparty/README.md
index 0047f1c66c..31b19451b3 100644
--- a/thirdparty/README.md
+++ b/thirdparty/README.md
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ Files extracted from upstream source:
 ## harfbuzz
 
 - Upstream: https://github.com/harfbuzz/harfbuzz
-- Version: 4.2.1 (f7aee78e90bc53b3a95eb56d7550c9effe569ea2, 2022)
+- Version: 4.3.0 (aee123fc83388b8f5acfb301d87bd92eccc5b843, 2022)
 - License: MIT
 
 Files extracted from upstream source:
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-algs.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-algs.hh
index c40a55cd1f..05b4df52f1 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-algs.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-algs.hh
@@ -150,10 +150,26 @@ struct BEInt<Type, 4>
 			        uint8_t ((V >> 16) & 0xFF),
 			        uint8_t ((V >>  8) & 0xFF),
 			        uint8_t ((V      ) & 0xFF)} {}
-  constexpr operator Type () const { return (v[0] << 24)
-					  + (v[1] << 16)
-					  + (v[2] <<  8)
-					  + (v[3]      ); }
+
+  struct __attribute__((packed)) packed_uint32_t { uint32_t v; };
+  constexpr operator Type () const {
+#if ((defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 5) || defined(__clang__)) && \
+    defined(__BYTE_ORDER) && \
+    (__BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN || __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN)
+    /* Spoon-feed the compiler a big-endian integer with alignment 1.
+     * https://github.com/harfbuzz/harfbuzz/pull/1398 */
+#if __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN
+    return __builtin_bswap32 (((packed_uint32_t *) this)->v);
+#else /* __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN */
+    return ((packed_uint32_t *) this)->v;
+#endif
+#else
+    return (v[0] << 24)
+	 + (v[1] << 16)
+	 + (v[2] <<  8)
+	 + (v[3]      );
+#endif
+  }
   private: uint8_t v[4];
 };
 
@@ -213,11 +229,11 @@ HB_FUNCOBJ (hb_bool);
 
 template <typename T>
 static inline
-T hb_coerce (const T v) { return v; }
+constexpr T hb_coerce (const T v) { return v; }
 template <typename T, typename V,
 	  hb_enable_if (!hb_is_same (hb_decay<T>, hb_decay<V>) && std::is_pointer<V>::value)>
 static inline
-T hb_coerce (const V v) { return *v; }
+constexpr T hb_coerce (const V v) { return *v; }
 
 struct
 {
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-array.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-array.hh
index 1d1476d7cd..1963698cf7 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-array.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-array.hh
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ struct hb_sorted_array_t :
     unsigned int i;
     return bfind (x, &i) ? &this->arrayZ[i] : not_found;
   }
-  template <typename T>
+  template <typename T, typename ...Ts>
   const Type *bsearch (const T &x, const Type *not_found = nullptr) const
   {
     unsigned int i;
@@ -384,15 +384,16 @@ struct hb_sorted_array_t :
     }
     return false;
   }
-  template <typename T>
-  bool bsearch_impl (const T &x, unsigned *pos) const
+  template <typename T, typename ...Ts>
+  bool bsearch_impl (const T &x, unsigned *pos, Ts... ds) const
   {
     return hb_bsearch_impl (pos,
 			    x,
 			    this->arrayZ,
 			    this->length,
 			    sizeof (Type),
-			    _hb_cmp_method<T, Type>);
+			    _hb_cmp_method<T, Type, Ts...>,
+			    ds...);
   }
 };
 template <typename T> inline hb_sorted_array_t<T>
@@ -403,7 +404,7 @@ hb_sorted_array (T (&array_)[length_])
 { return hb_sorted_array_t<T> (array_); }
 
 template <typename T>
-bool hb_array_t<T>::operator == (const hb_array_t<T> &o) const
+inline bool hb_array_t<T>::operator == (const hb_array_t<T> &o) const
 {
   if (o.length != this->length) return false;
   for (unsigned int i = 0; i < this->length; i++) {
@@ -411,8 +412,18 @@ bool hb_array_t<T>::operator == (const hb_array_t<T> &o) const
   }
   return true;
 }
-
-/* TODO Specialize operator== for hb_bytes_t and hb_ubytes_t. */
+template <>
+inline bool hb_array_t<const char>::operator == (const hb_array_t<const char> &o) const
+{
+  if (o.length != this->length) return false;
+  return 0 == hb_memcmp (arrayZ, o.arrayZ, length);
+}
+template <>
+inline bool hb_array_t<const unsigned char>::operator == (const hb_array_t<const unsigned char> &o) const
+{
+  if (o.length != this->length) return false;
+  return 0 == hb_memcmp (arrayZ, o.arrayZ, length);
+}
 
 template <>
 inline uint32_t hb_array_t<const char>::hash () const {
@@ -421,7 +432,6 @@ inline uint32_t hb_array_t<const char>::hash () const {
     current = current * 31 + (uint32_t) (this->arrayZ[i] * 2654435761u);
   return current;
 }
-
 template <>
 inline uint32_t hb_array_t<const unsigned char>::hash () const {
   uint32_t current = 0;
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bimap.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bimap.hh
index a9e1278de7..5b313bf59c 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bimap.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bimap.hh
@@ -39,6 +39,12 @@ struct hb_bimap_t
     back_map.reset ();
   }
 
+  void resize (unsigned pop)
+  {
+    forw_map.resize (pop);
+    back_map.resize (pop);
+  }
+
   bool in_error () const { return forw_map.in_error () || back_map.in_error (); }
 
   void set (hb_codepoint_t lhs, hb_codepoint_t rhs)
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bit-page.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bit-page.hh
index 9759836654..cbe918ee40 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bit-page.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bit-page.hh
@@ -40,11 +40,18 @@ struct hb_bit_page_t
 
   bool is_empty () const
   {
-    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < len (); i++)
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < len (); i++)
       if (v[i])
 	return false;
     return true;
   }
+  uint32_t hash () const
+  {
+    uint32_t h = 0;
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < len (); i++)
+      h = h * 31 + hb_hash (v[i]);
+    return h;
+  }
 
   void add (hb_codepoint_t g) { elt (g) |= mask (g); }
   void del (hb_codepoint_t g) { elt (g) &= ~mask (g); }
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bit-set-invertible.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bit-set-invertible.hh
index 4a4ce34053..caea47d8d3 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bit-set-invertible.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bit-set-invertible.hh
@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ struct hb_bit_set_invertible_t
   bool inverted = false;
 
   hb_bit_set_invertible_t () = default;
-  hb_bit_set_invertible_t (hb_bit_set_invertible_t& o) = default;
-  hb_bit_set_invertible_t (hb_bit_set_invertible_t&& o) = default;
+  hb_bit_set_invertible_t (const hb_bit_set_invertible_t& o) = default;
+  hb_bit_set_invertible_t (hb_bit_set_invertible_t&& other) : hb_bit_set_invertible_t () { hb_swap (*this, other); }
   hb_bit_set_invertible_t& operator= (const hb_bit_set_invertible_t& o) = default;
-  hb_bit_set_invertible_t& operator= (hb_bit_set_invertible_t&& o) = default;
+  hb_bit_set_invertible_t& operator= (hb_bit_set_invertible_t&& other) { hb_swap (*this, other); return *this; }
   friend void swap (hb_bit_set_invertible_t &a, hb_bit_set_invertible_t &b)
   {
     if (likely (!a.s.successful || !b.s.successful))
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ struct hb_bit_set_invertible_t
   bool in_error () const { return s.in_error (); }
   explicit operator bool () const { return !is_empty (); }
 
+  void alloc (unsigned sz) { s.alloc (sz); }
   void reset ()
   {
     s.reset ();
@@ -79,6 +80,8 @@ struct hb_bit_set_invertible_t
     next (&v);
     return v == INVALID;
   }
+  uint32_t hash () const { return s.hash () ^ inverted; }
+
   hb_codepoint_t get_min () const
   {
     hb_codepoint_t v = INVALID;
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bit-set.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bit-set.hh
index fcaff9f3be..11a4359dc9 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bit-set.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-bit-set.hh
@@ -97,6 +97,13 @@ struct hb_bit_set_t
     return true;
   }
 
+  void alloc (unsigned sz)
+  {
+    sz >>= (page_t::PAGE_BITS_LOG_2 - 1);
+    pages.alloc (sz);
+    page_map.alloc (sz);
+  }
+
   void reset ()
   {
     successful = true;
@@ -119,6 +126,14 @@ struct hb_bit_set_t
   }
   explicit operator bool () const { return !is_empty (); }
 
+  uint32_t hash () const
+  {
+    uint32_t h = 0;
+    for (auto &map : page_map)
+      h = h * 31 + hb_hash (map.major) + hb_hash (pages[map.index]);
+    return h;
+  }
+
   private:
   void dirty () { population = UINT_MAX; }
   public:
@@ -341,15 +356,14 @@ struct hb_bit_set_t
       return;
     population = other.population;
 
-    /* TODO switch to vector operator =. */
-    hb_memcpy ((void *) pages, (const void *) other.pages, count * pages.item_size);
-    hb_memcpy ((void *) page_map, (const void *) other.page_map, count * page_map.item_size);
+    page_map = other.page_map;
+    pages = other.pages;
   }
 
   bool is_equal (const hb_bit_set_t &other) const
   {
     if (has_population () && other.has_population () &&
-	get_population () != other.get_population ())
+	population != other.population)
       return false;
 
     unsigned int na = pages.length;
@@ -377,7 +391,7 @@ struct hb_bit_set_t
   bool is_subset (const hb_bit_set_t &larger_set) const
   {
     if (has_population () && larger_set.has_population () &&
-	get_population () != larger_set.get_population ())
+	population != larger_set.population)
       return false;
 
     uint32_t spi = 0;
@@ -874,7 +888,19 @@ struct hb_bit_set_t
 
   page_t *page_for (hb_codepoint_t g, bool insert = false)
   {
-    page_map_t map = {get_major (g), pages.length};
+    unsigned major = get_major (g);
+
+    /* The extra page_map length is necessary; can't just rely on vector here,
+     * since the next check would be tricked because a null page also has
+     * major==0, which we can't distinguish from an actualy major==0 page... */
+    if (likely (last_page_lookup < page_map.length))
+    {
+      auto &cached_page = page_map.arrayZ[last_page_lookup];
+      if (cached_page.major == major)
+	return &pages[cached_page.index];
+    }
+
+    page_map_t map = {major, pages.length};
     unsigned int i;
     if (!page_map.bfind (map, &i, HB_NOT_FOUND_STORE_CLOSEST))
     {
@@ -890,15 +916,31 @@ struct hb_bit_set_t
 	       (page_map.length - 1 - i) * page_map.item_size);
       page_map[i] = map;
     }
+
+    last_page_lookup = i;
     return &pages[page_map[i].index];
   }
   const page_t *page_for (hb_codepoint_t g) const
   {
-    page_map_t key = {get_major (g)};
-    const page_map_t *found = page_map.bsearch (key);
-    if (found)
-      return &pages[found->index];
-    return nullptr;
+    unsigned major = get_major (g);
+
+    /* The extra page_map length is necessary; can't just rely on vector here,
+     * since the next check would be tricked because a null page also has
+     * major==0, which we can't distinguish from an actualy major==0 page... */
+    if (likely (last_page_lookup < page_map.length))
+    {
+      auto &cached_page = page_map.arrayZ[last_page_lookup];
+      if (cached_page.major == major)
+	return &pages[cached_page.index];
+    }
+
+    page_map_t key = {major};
+    unsigned int i;
+    if (!page_map.bfind (key, &i))
+      return nullptr;
+
+    last_page_lookup = i;
+    return &pages[page_map[i].index];
   }
   page_t &page_at (unsigned int i) { return pages[page_map[i].index]; }
   const page_t &page_at (unsigned int i) const { return pages[page_map[i].index]; }
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff-interp-common.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff-interp-common.hh
index 641de0eff2..5c2cb060a4 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff-interp-common.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff-interp-common.hh
@@ -248,6 +248,9 @@ struct number_t
 /* byte string */
 struct UnsizedByteStr : UnsizedArrayOf <HBUINT8>
 {
+  hb_ubytes_t as_ubytes (unsigned l) const
+  { return hb_ubytes_t ((const unsigned char *) this, l); }
+
   // encode 2-byte int (Dict/CharString) or 4-byte int (Dict)
   template <typename T, typename V>
   static bool serialize_int (hb_serialize_context_t *c, op_code_t intOp, V value)
@@ -274,33 +277,10 @@ struct UnsizedByteStr : UnsizedArrayOf <HBUINT8>
   /* Defining null_size allows a Null object may be created. Should be safe because:
    * A descendent struct Dict uses a Null pointer to indicate a missing table,
    * checked before access.
-   * byte_str_t, a wrapper struct pairing a byte pointer along with its length, always
-   * checks the length before access. A Null pointer is used as the initial pointer
-   * along with zero length by the default ctor.
    */
   DEFINE_SIZE_MIN(0);
 };
 
-/* Holder of a section of byte string within a CFFIndex entry */
-struct byte_str_t : hb_ubytes_t
-{
-  byte_str_t ()
-    : hb_ubytes_t () {}
-  byte_str_t (const UnsizedByteStr& s, unsigned int l)
-    : hb_ubytes_t ((const unsigned char*)&s, l) {}
-  byte_str_t (const unsigned char *s, unsigned int l)
-    : hb_ubytes_t (s, l) {}
-  byte_str_t (const hb_ubytes_t &ub)	/* conversion from hb_ubytes_t */
-    : hb_ubytes_t (ub) {}
-
-  /* sub-string */
-  byte_str_t sub_str (unsigned int offset, unsigned int len_) const
-  { return byte_str_t (hb_ubytes_t::sub_array (offset, len_)); }
-
-  bool check_limit (unsigned int offset, unsigned int count) const
-  { return (offset + count <= length); }
-};
-
 /* A byte string associated with the current offset and an error condition */
 struct byte_str_ref_t
 {
@@ -308,17 +288,17 @@ struct byte_str_ref_t
 
   void init ()
   {
-    str = byte_str_t ();
+    str = hb_ubytes_t ();
     offset = 0;
     error = false;
   }
 
   void fini () {}
 
-  byte_str_ref_t (const byte_str_t &str_, unsigned int offset_ = 0)
+  byte_str_ref_t (const hb_ubytes_t &str_, unsigned int offset_ = 0)
     : str (str_), offset (offset_), error (false) {}
 
-  void reset (const byte_str_t &str_, unsigned int offset_ = 0)
+  void reset (const hb_ubytes_t &str_, unsigned int offset_ = 0)
   {
     str = str_;
     offset = offset_;
@@ -334,14 +314,14 @@ struct byte_str_ref_t
     return str[offset + i];
   }
 
-  /* Conversion to byte_str_t */
-  operator byte_str_t () const { return str.sub_str (offset, str.length - offset); }
+  /* Conversion to hb_ubytes_t */
+  operator hb_ubytes_t () const { return str.sub_array (offset, str.length - offset); }
 
-  byte_str_t sub_str (unsigned int offset_, unsigned int len_) const
-  { return str.sub_str (offset_, len_); }
+  hb_ubytes_t sub_array (unsigned int offset_, unsigned int len_) const
+  { return str.sub_array (offset_, len_); }
 
   bool avail (unsigned int count=1) const
-  { return (!in_error () && str.check_limit (offset, count)); }
+  { return (!in_error () && offset + count <= str.length); }
   void inc (unsigned int count=1)
   {
     if (likely (!in_error () && (offset <= str.length) && (offset + count <= str.length)))
@@ -358,44 +338,39 @@ struct byte_str_ref_t
   void set_error ()      { error = true; }
   bool in_error () const { return error; }
 
-  byte_str_t       str;
+  hb_ubytes_t       str;
   unsigned int  offset; /* beginning of the sub-string within str */
 
   protected:
   bool	  error;
 };
 
-typedef hb_vector_t<byte_str_t> byte_str_array_t;
+using byte_str_array_t = hb_vector_t<hb_ubytes_t>;
 
 /* stack */
 template <typename ELEM, int LIMIT>
 struct cff_stack_t
 {
-  void init ()
-  {
-    error = false;
-    count = 0;
-    elements.init ();
-    elements.resize (kSizeLimit);
-  }
-  void fini () { elements.fini (); }
-
   ELEM& operator [] (unsigned int i)
   {
-    if (unlikely (i >= count)) set_error ();
+    if (unlikely (i >= count))
+    {
+      set_error ();
+      return Crap (ELEM);
+    }
     return elements[i];
   }
 
   void push (const ELEM &v)
   {
-    if (likely (count < elements.length))
+    if (likely (count < LIMIT))
       elements[count++] = v;
     else
       set_error ();
   }
   ELEM &push ()
   {
-    if (likely (count < elements.length))
+    if (likely (count < LIMIT))
       return elements[count++];
     else
     {
@@ -424,7 +399,7 @@ struct cff_stack_t
 
   const ELEM& peek ()
   {
-    if (unlikely (count < 0))
+    if (unlikely (count == 0))
     {
       set_error ();
       return Null (ELEM);
@@ -434,7 +409,7 @@ struct cff_stack_t
 
   void unpop ()
   {
-    if (likely (count < elements.length))
+    if (likely (count < LIMIT))
       count++;
     else
       set_error ();
@@ -442,18 +417,19 @@ struct cff_stack_t
 
   void clear () { count = 0; }
 
-  bool in_error () const { return (error || elements.in_error ()); }
+  bool in_error () const { return (error); }
   void set_error ()      { error = true; }
 
   unsigned int get_count () const { return count; }
   bool is_empty () const          { return !count; }
 
-  static constexpr unsigned kSizeLimit = LIMIT;
+  hb_array_t<const ELEM> sub_array (unsigned start, unsigned length) const
+  { return hb_array_t<const ELEM> (elements).sub_array (start, length); }
 
-  protected:
-  bool error;
-  unsigned int count;
-  hb_vector_t<ELEM> elements;
+  private:
+  bool error = false;
+  unsigned int count = 0;
+  ELEM elements[LIMIT];
 };
 
 /* argument stack */
@@ -508,9 +484,6 @@ struct arg_stack_t : cff_stack_t<ARG, 513>
     return true;
   }
 
-  hb_array_t<const ARG> get_subarray (unsigned int start) const
-  { return S::elements.sub_array (start); }
-
   private:
   typedef cff_stack_t<ARG, 513> S;
 };
@@ -518,8 +491,8 @@ struct arg_stack_t : cff_stack_t<ARG, 513>
 /* an operator prefixed by its operands in a byte string */
 struct op_str_t
 {
+  hb_ubytes_t str;
   op_code_t  op;
-  byte_str_t str;
 };
 
 /* base of OP_SERIALIZER */
@@ -547,11 +520,16 @@ struct parsed_values_t
   }
   void fini () { values.fini (); }
 
+  void alloc (unsigned n)
+  {
+    values.alloc (n);
+  }
+
   void add_op (op_code_t op, const byte_str_ref_t& str_ref = byte_str_ref_t ())
   {
     VAL *val = values.push ();
     val->op = op;
-    val->str = str_ref.str.sub_str (opStart, str_ref.offset - opStart);
+    val->str = str_ref.str.sub_array (opStart, str_ref.offset - opStart);
     opStart = str_ref.offset;
   }
 
@@ -559,14 +537,14 @@ struct parsed_values_t
   {
     VAL *val = values.push (v);
     val->op = op;
-    val->str = str_ref.sub_str ( opStart, str_ref.offset - opStart);
+    val->str = str_ref.sub_array ( opStart, str_ref.offset - opStart);
     opStart = str_ref.offset;
   }
 
   bool has_op (op_code_t op) const
   {
-    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < get_count (); i++)
-      if (get_value (i).op == op) return true;
+    for (const auto& v : values)
+      if (v.op == op) return true;
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -581,14 +559,11 @@ struct parsed_values_t
 template <typename ARG=number_t>
 struct interp_env_t
 {
-  void init (const byte_str_t &str_)
+  interp_env_t () {}
+  interp_env_t (const hb_ubytes_t &str_)
   {
     str_ref.reset (str_);
-    argStack.init ();
-    error = false;
   }
-  void fini () { argStack.fini (); }
-
   bool in_error () const
   { return error || str_ref.in_error () || argStack.in_error (); }
 
@@ -622,10 +597,10 @@ struct interp_env_t
   arg_stack_t<ARG>
 		argStack;
   protected:
-  bool		error;
+  bool		error = false;
 };
 
-typedef interp_env_t<> num_interp_env_t;
+using num_interp_env_t =  interp_env_t<>;
 
 template <typename ARG=number_t>
 struct opset_t
@@ -668,11 +643,8 @@ struct opset_t
 template <typename ENV>
 struct interpreter_t
 {
-  ~interpreter_t() { fini (); }
-
-  void fini () { env.fini (); }
-
-  ENV env;
+  interpreter_t (ENV& env_) : env (env_) {}
+  ENV& env;
 };
 
 } /* namespace CFF */
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff-interp-cs-common.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff-interp-cs-common.hh
index ef299369b5..2983ae54a1 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff-interp-cs-common.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff-interp-cs-common.hh
@@ -79,10 +79,10 @@ struct biased_subrs_t
   unsigned int get_count () const { return subrs ? subrs->count : 0; }
   unsigned int get_bias () const  { return bias; }
 
-  byte_str_t operator [] (unsigned int index) const
+  hb_ubytes_t operator [] (unsigned int index) const
   {
     if (unlikely (!subrs || index >= subrs->count))
-      return Null (byte_str_t);
+      return hb_ubytes_t ();
     else
       return (*subrs)[index];
   }
@@ -112,10 +112,9 @@ struct point_t
 template <typename ARG, typename SUBRS>
 struct cs_interp_env_t : interp_env_t<ARG>
 {
-  void init (const byte_str_t &str, const SUBRS *globalSubrs_, const SUBRS *localSubrs_)
+  cs_interp_env_t (const hb_ubytes_t &str, const SUBRS *globalSubrs_, const SUBRS *localSubrs_) :
+    interp_env_t<ARG> (str)
   {
-    interp_env_t<ARG>::init (str);
-
     context.init (str, CSType_CharString);
     seen_moveto = true;
     seen_hintmask = false;
@@ -123,15 +122,11 @@ struct cs_interp_env_t : interp_env_t<ARG>
     vstem_count = 0;
     hintmask_size = 0;
     pt.set_int (0, 0);
-    callStack.init ();
     globalSubrs.init (globalSubrs_);
     localSubrs.init (localSubrs_);
   }
-  void fini ()
+  ~cs_interp_env_t ()
   {
-    interp_env_t<ARG>::fini ();
-
-    callStack.fini ();
     globalSubrs.fini ();
     localSubrs.fini ();
   }
@@ -880,6 +875,8 @@ struct path_procs_t
 template <typename ENV, typename OPSET, typename PARAM>
 struct cs_interpreter_t : interpreter_t<ENV>
 {
+  cs_interpreter_t (ENV& env_) : interpreter_t<ENV> (env_) {}
+
   bool interpret (PARAM& param)
   {
     SUPER::env.set_endchar (false);
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff-interp-dict-common.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff-interp-dict-common.hh
index a520ca3bce..79fe9b42c5 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff-interp-dict-common.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff-interp-dict-common.hh
@@ -179,6 +179,8 @@ struct top_dict_opset_t : dict_opset_t
 template <typename OPSET, typename PARAM, typename ENV=num_interp_env_t>
 struct dict_interpreter_t : interpreter_t<ENV>
 {
+  dict_interpreter_t (ENV& env_) : interpreter_t<ENV> (env_) {}
+
   bool interpret (PARAM& param)
   {
     param.init ();
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff1-interp-cs.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff1-interp-cs.hh
index 1c8762c172..b306c2ecc9 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff1-interp-cs.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff1-interp-cs.hh
@@ -38,17 +38,15 @@ typedef biased_subrs_t<CFF1Subrs>   cff1_biased_subrs_t;
 struct cff1_cs_interp_env_t : cs_interp_env_t<number_t, CFF1Subrs>
 {
   template <typename ACC>
-  void init (const byte_str_t &str, ACC &acc, unsigned int fd)
+  cff1_cs_interp_env_t (const hb_ubytes_t &str, ACC &acc, unsigned int fd)
+    : SUPER (str, acc.globalSubrs, acc.privateDicts[fd].localSubrs)
   {
-    SUPER::init (str, acc.globalSubrs, acc.privateDicts[fd].localSubrs);
     processed_width = false;
     has_width = false;
     arg_start = 0;
     in_seac = false;
   }
 
-  void fini () { SUPER::fini (); }
-
   void set_width (bool has_width_)
   {
     if (likely (!processed_width && (SUPER::argStack.get_count () > 0)))
@@ -154,7 +152,7 @@ struct cff1_cs_opset_t : cs_opset_t<number_t, OPSET, cff1_cs_interp_env_t, PARAM
 };
 
 template <typename OPSET, typename PARAM>
-struct cff1_cs_interpreter_t : cs_interpreter_t<cff1_cs_interp_env_t, OPSET, PARAM> {};
+using cff1_cs_interpreter_t = cs_interpreter_t<cff1_cs_interp_env_t, OPSET, PARAM>;
 
 } /* namespace CFF */
 
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff2-interp-cs.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff2-interp-cs.hh
index 766183760e..d0b9e7b086 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff2-interp-cs.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-cff2-interp-cs.hh
@@ -64,14 +64,14 @@ struct blend_arg_t : number_t
 typedef interp_env_t<blend_arg_t> BlendInterpEnv;
 typedef biased_subrs_t<CFF2Subrs>   cff2_biased_subrs_t;
 
-struct cff2_cs_interp_env_t : cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t, CFF2Subrs>
+template <typename ELEM>
+struct cff2_cs_interp_env_t : cs_interp_env_t<ELEM, CFF2Subrs>
 {
   template <typename ACC>
-  void init (const byte_str_t &str, ACC &acc, unsigned int fd,
-	     const int *coords_=nullptr, unsigned int num_coords_=0)
+  cff2_cs_interp_env_t (const hb_ubytes_t &str, ACC &acc, unsigned int fd,
+			const int *coords_=nullptr, unsigned int num_coords_=0)
+    : SUPER (str, acc.globalSubrs, acc.privateDicts[fd].localSubrs)
   {
-    SUPER::init (str, acc.globalSubrs, acc.privateDicts[fd].localSubrs);
-
     coords = coords_;
     num_coords = num_coords_;
     varStore = acc.varStore;
@@ -100,18 +100,14 @@ struct cff2_cs_interp_env_t : cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t, CFF2Subrs>
       return OpCode_return;
   }
 
-  const blend_arg_t& eval_arg (unsigned int i)
+  const ELEM& eval_arg (unsigned int i)
   {
-    blend_arg_t  &arg = argStack[i];
-    blend_arg (arg);
-    return arg;
+    return SUPER::argStack[i];
   }
 
-  const blend_arg_t& pop_arg ()
+  const ELEM& pop_arg ()
   {
-    blend_arg_t  &arg = argStack.pop ();
-    blend_arg (arg);
-    return arg;
+    return SUPER::argStack.pop ();
   }
 
   void process_blend ()
@@ -122,7 +118,7 @@ struct cff2_cs_interp_env_t : cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t, CFF2Subrs>
       if (do_blend)
       {
 	if (unlikely (!scalars.resize (region_count)))
-	  set_error ();
+	  SUPER::set_error ();
 	else
 	  varStore->varStore.get_region_scalars (get_ivs (), coords, num_coords,
 						 &scalars[0], region_count);
@@ -133,10 +129,10 @@ struct cff2_cs_interp_env_t : cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t, CFF2Subrs>
 
   void process_vsindex ()
   {
-    unsigned int  index = argStack.pop_uint ();
+    unsigned int  index = SUPER::argStack.pop_uint ();
     if (unlikely (seen_vsindex () || seen_blend))
     {
-      set_error ();
+     SUPER::set_error ();
     }
     else
     {
@@ -151,22 +147,18 @@ struct cff2_cs_interp_env_t : cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t, CFF2Subrs>
   void	 set_ivs (unsigned int ivs_) { ivs = ivs_; }
   bool	 seen_vsindex () const { return seen_vsindex_; }
 
-  protected:
-  void blend_arg (blend_arg_t &arg)
+  double blend_deltas (hb_array_t<const ELEM> deltas) const
   {
-    if (do_blend && arg.blending ())
+    double v = 0;
+    if (do_blend)
     {
-      if (likely (scalars.length == arg.deltas.length))
+      if (likely (scalars.length == deltas.length))
       {
-	double v = arg.to_real ();
 	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < scalars.length; i++)
-	{
-	  v += (double)scalars[i] * arg.deltas[i].to_real ();
-	}
-	arg.set_real (v);
-	arg.deltas.resize (0);
+	  v += (double) scalars[i] * deltas[i].to_real ();
       }
     }
+    return v;
   }
 
   protected:
@@ -180,22 +172,24 @@ struct cff2_cs_interp_env_t : cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t, CFF2Subrs>
   bool	  seen_vsindex_;
   bool	  seen_blend;
 
-  typedef cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t, CFF2Subrs> SUPER;
+  typedef cs_interp_env_t<ELEM, CFF2Subrs> SUPER;
 };
-template <typename OPSET, typename PARAM, typename PATH=path_procs_null_t<cff2_cs_interp_env_t, PARAM>>
-struct cff2_cs_opset_t : cs_opset_t<blend_arg_t, OPSET, cff2_cs_interp_env_t, PARAM, PATH>
+template <typename OPSET, typename PARAM, typename ELEM, typename PATH=path_procs_null_t<cff2_cs_interp_env_t<ELEM>, PARAM>>
+struct cff2_cs_opset_t : cs_opset_t<ELEM, OPSET, cff2_cs_interp_env_t<ELEM>, PARAM, PATH>
 {
-  static void process_op (op_code_t op, cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, PARAM& param)
+  static void process_op (op_code_t op, cff2_cs_interp_env_t<ELEM> &env, PARAM& param)
   {
     switch (op) {
       case OpCode_callsubr:
       case OpCode_callgsubr:
 	/* a subroutine number shouldn't be a blended value */
+#if 0
 	if (unlikely (env.argStack.peek ().blending ()))
 	{
 	  env.set_error ();
 	  break;
 	}
+#endif
 	SUPER::process_op (op, env, param);
 	break;
 
@@ -204,11 +198,13 @@ struct cff2_cs_opset_t : cs_opset_t<blend_arg_t, OPSET, cff2_cs_interp_env_t, PA
 	break;
 
       case OpCode_vsindexcs:
+#if 0
 	if (unlikely (env.argStack.peek ().blending ()))
 	{
 	  env.set_error ();
 	  break;
 	}
+#endif
 	OPSET::process_vsindex (env, param);
 	break;
 
@@ -217,7 +213,26 @@ struct cff2_cs_opset_t : cs_opset_t<blend_arg_t, OPSET, cff2_cs_interp_env_t, PA
     }
   }
 
-  static void process_blend (cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, PARAM& param)
+  template <typename T = ELEM,
+	    hb_enable_if (hb_is_same (T, blend_arg_t))>
+  static void process_arg_blend (cff2_cs_interp_env_t<ELEM> &env,
+				 ELEM &arg,
+				 const hb_array_t<const ELEM> blends,
+				 unsigned n, unsigned i)
+  {
+    arg.set_blends (n, i, blends.length, blends);
+  }
+  template <typename T = ELEM,
+	    hb_enable_if (!hb_is_same (T, blend_arg_t))>
+  static void process_arg_blend (cff2_cs_interp_env_t<ELEM> &env,
+				 ELEM &arg,
+				 const hb_array_t<const ELEM> blends,
+				 unsigned n, unsigned i)
+  {
+    arg.set_real (arg.to_real () + env.blend_deltas (blends));
+  }
+
+  static void process_blend (cff2_cs_interp_env_t<ELEM> &env, PARAM& param)
   {
     unsigned int n, k;
 
@@ -234,26 +249,26 @@ struct cff2_cs_opset_t : cs_opset_t<blend_arg_t, OPSET, cff2_cs_interp_env_t, PA
     }
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < n; i++)
     {
-      const hb_array_t<const blend_arg_t>	blends = env.argStack.get_subarray (start + n + (i * k));
-      env.argStack[start + i].set_blends (n, i, k, blends);
+      const hb_array_t<const ELEM> blends = env.argStack.sub_array (start + n + (i * k), k);
+      process_arg_blend (env, env.argStack[start + i], blends, n, i);
     }
 
     /* pop off blend values leaving default values now adorned with blend values */
     env.argStack.pop (k * n);
   }
 
-  static void process_vsindex (cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, PARAM& param)
+  static void process_vsindex (cff2_cs_interp_env_t<ELEM> &env, PARAM& param)
   {
     env.process_vsindex ();
     env.clear_args ();
   }
 
   private:
-  typedef cs_opset_t<blend_arg_t, OPSET, cff2_cs_interp_env_t, PARAM, PATH>  SUPER;
+  typedef cs_opset_t<ELEM, OPSET, cff2_cs_interp_env_t<ELEM>, PARAM, PATH>  SUPER;
 };
 
-template <typename OPSET, typename PARAM>
-struct cff2_cs_interpreter_t : cs_interpreter_t<cff2_cs_interp_env_t, OPSET, PARAM> {};
+template <typename OPSET, typename PARAM, typename ELEM>
+using cff2_cs_interpreter_t = cs_interpreter_t<cff2_cs_interp_env_t<ELEM>, OPSET, PARAM>;
 
 } /* namespace CFF */
 
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-font.cc b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-font.cc
index db05f017a5..5700e06271 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-font.cc
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-font.cc
@@ -2596,12 +2596,14 @@ hb_font_funcs_set_glyph_func (hb_font_funcs_t          *ffuncs,
     return;
   }
 
+  /* Since we pass it to two destroying functions. */
+  trampoline_reference (&trampoline->closure);
+
   hb_font_funcs_set_nominal_glyph_func (ffuncs,
 					hb_font_get_nominal_glyph_trampoline,
 					trampoline,
 					trampoline_destroy);
 
-  trampoline_reference (&trampoline->closure);
   hb_font_funcs_set_variation_glyph_func (ffuncs,
 					  hb_font_get_variation_glyph_trampoline,
 					  trampoline,
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ft.cc b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ft.cc
index 0cfbb22e31..d3c5d3db93 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ft.cc
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ft.cc
@@ -80,12 +80,12 @@
 
 struct hb_ft_font_t
 {
-  mutable hb_mutex_t lock;
-  FT_Face ft_face;
   int load_flags;
   bool symbol; /* Whether selected cmap is symbol cmap. */
   bool unref; /* Whether to destroy ft_face when done. */
 
+  mutable hb_mutex_t lock;
+  FT_Face ft_face;
   mutable int cached_x_scale;
   mutable hb_advance_cache_t advance_cache;
 };
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-map.cc b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-map.cc
index 9f1ac42846..6c83c670c9 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-map.cc
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-map.cc
@@ -289,3 +289,23 @@ hb_map_get_population (const hb_map_t *map)
 {
   return map->get_population ();
 }
+
+/**
+ * hb_map_is_equal:
+ * @map: A map
+ * @other: Another map
+ *
+ * Tests whether @map and @other are equal (contain the same
+ * elements).
+ *
+ * Return value: %true if the two maps are equal, %false otherwise.
+ *
+ * Since: 4.3.0
+ **/
+hb_bool_t
+hb_map_is_equal (const hb_map_t *map,
+		 const hb_map_t *other)
+{
+  return map->is_equal (*other);
+}
+
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-map.h b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-map.h
index 6a45a7bdd5..3f67c50b92 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-map.h
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-map.h
@@ -91,6 +91,10 @@ hb_map_is_empty (const hb_map_t *map);
 HB_EXTERN unsigned int
 hb_map_get_population (const hb_map_t *map);
 
+HB_EXTERN hb_bool_t
+hb_map_is_equal (const hb_map_t *map,
+		 const hb_map_t *other);
+
 HB_EXTERN void
 hb_map_set (hb_map_t       *map,
 	    hb_codepoint_t  key,
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-map.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-map.hh
index 9341637eac..aec7d87f42 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-map.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-map.hh
@@ -42,11 +42,12 @@ template <typename K, typename V,
 struct hb_hashmap_t
 {
   hb_hashmap_t ()  { init (); }
+  hb_hashmap_t (std::nullptr_t) : hb_hashmap_t () {}
   ~hb_hashmap_t () { fini (); }
 
-  hb_hashmap_t (const hb_hashmap_t& o) : hb_hashmap_t () { hb_copy (o, *this); }
+  hb_hashmap_t (const hb_hashmap_t& o) : hb_hashmap_t () { resize (population); hb_copy (o, *this); }
   hb_hashmap_t (hb_hashmap_t&& o) : hb_hashmap_t () { hb_swap (*this, o); }
-  hb_hashmap_t& operator= (const hb_hashmap_t& o)  { hb_copy (o, *this); return *this; }
+  hb_hashmap_t& operator= (const hb_hashmap_t& o)  { resize (population); hb_copy (o, *this); return *this; }
   hb_hashmap_t& operator= (hb_hashmap_t&& o)  { hb_swap (*this, o); return *this; }
 
   hb_hashmap_t (std::initializer_list<hb_pair_t<K, V>> lst) : hb_hashmap_t ()
@@ -58,7 +59,10 @@ struct hb_hashmap_t
 	    hb_requires (hb_is_iterable (Iterable))>
   hb_hashmap_t (const Iterable &o) : hb_hashmap_t ()
   {
-    hb_copy (o, *this);
+    auto iter = hb_iter (o);
+    if (iter.is_random_access_iterator)
+      resize (hb_len (iter));
+    hb_copy (iter, *this);
   }
 
   struct item_t
@@ -154,11 +158,11 @@ struct hb_hashmap_t
 
   bool in_error () const { return !successful; }
 
-  bool resize ()
+  bool resize (unsigned new_population = 0)
   {
     if (unlikely (!successful)) return false;
 
-    unsigned int power = hb_bit_storage (population * 2 + 8);
+    unsigned int power = hb_bit_storage (hb_max (population, new_population) * 2 + 8);
     unsigned int new_size = 1u << power;
     item_t *new_items = (item_t *) hb_malloc ((size_t) new_size * sizeof (item_t));
     if (unlikely (!new_items))
@@ -235,6 +239,27 @@ struct hb_hashmap_t
   bool is_empty () const { return population == 0; }
   explicit operator bool () const { return !is_empty (); }
 
+  uint32_t hash () const
+  {
+    uint32_t h = 0;
+    for (auto pair : iter ())
+      h ^= (hb_hash (pair.first) * 31) + hb_hash (pair.second);
+    return h;
+  }
+
+  bool is_equal (const hb_hashmap_t &other) const
+  {
+    if (population != other.population) return false;
+
+    for (auto pair : iter ())
+      if (get (pair.first) != pair.second)
+        return false;
+
+    return true;
+  }
+  bool operator == (const hb_hashmap_t &other) const { return is_equal (other); }
+  bool operator != (const hb_hashmap_t &other) const { return !is_equal (other); }
+
   unsigned int get_population () const { return population; }
 
   /*
@@ -389,9 +414,11 @@ struct hb_map_t : hb_hashmap_t<hb_codepoint_t,
 			       HB_MAP_VALUE_INVALID,
 			       HB_MAP_VALUE_INVALID>;
 
-  hb_map_t () = default;
   ~hb_map_t () = default;
-  hb_map_t (hb_map_t&) = default;
+  hb_map_t () : hashmap () {}
+  hb_map_t (std::nullptr_t) : hb_map_t () {}
+  hb_map_t (const hb_map_t &o) : hashmap ((hashmap &) o) {}
+  hb_map_t (hb_map_t &&o) : hashmap (std::move ((hashmap &) o)) {}
   hb_map_t& operator= (const hb_map_t&) = default;
   hb_map_t& operator= (hb_map_t&&) = default;
   hb_map_t (std::initializer_list<hb_pair_t<hb_codepoint_t, hb_codepoint_t>> lst) : hashmap (lst) {}
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-meta.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-meta.hh
index 3fea5d995e..90757d38ac 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-meta.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-meta.hh
@@ -188,6 +188,19 @@ template <> struct hb_int_max<signed long long>		: hb_integral_constant<signed l
 template <> struct hb_int_max<unsigned long long>	: hb_integral_constant<unsigned long long,	ULLONG_MAX>	{};
 #define hb_int_max(T) hb_int_max<T>::value
 
+#if __GNUG__ && __GNUC__ < 5
+#define hb_is_trivially_copyable(T) __has_trivial_copy(T)
+#define hb_is_trivially_copy_assignable(T) __has_trivial_assign(T)
+#define hb_is_trivially_constructible(T) __has_trivial_constructor(T)
+#define hb_is_trivially_copy_constructible(T) __has_trivial_copy_constructor(T)
+#define hb_is_trivially_destructible(T) __has_trivial_destructor(T)
+#else
+#define hb_is_trivially_copyable(T) std::is_trivially_copyable<T>::value
+#define hb_is_trivially_copy_assignable(T) std::is_trivially_copy_assignable<T>::value
+#define hb_is_trivially_constructible(T) std::is_trivially_constructible<T>::value
+#define hb_is_trivially_copy_constructible(T) std::is_trivially_copy_constructible<T>::value
+#define hb_is_trivially_destructible(T) std::is_trivially_destructible<T>::value
+#endif
 
 /* Class traits. */
 
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-open-type.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-open-type.hh
index 7e524177f6..aee7064be3 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-open-type.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-open-type.hh
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "hb-blob.hh"
 #include "hb-face.hh"
 #include "hb-machinery.hh"
+#include "hb-meta.hh"
 #include "hb-subset.hh"
 
 
@@ -518,7 +519,7 @@ struct UnsizedArrayOf
   {
     TRACE_SANITIZE (this);
     if (unlikely (!sanitize_shallow (c, count))) return_trace (false);
-    if (!sizeof... (Ts) && std::is_trivially_copyable<Type>::value) return_trace (true);
+    if (!sizeof... (Ts) && hb_is_trivially_copyable(Type)) return_trace (true);
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++)
       if (unlikely (!c->dispatch (arrayZ[i], std::forward<Ts> (ds)...)))
 	return_trace (false);
@@ -707,7 +708,7 @@ struct ArrayOf
   {
     TRACE_SANITIZE (this);
     if (unlikely (!sanitize_shallow (c))) return_trace (false);
-    if (!sizeof... (Ts) && std::is_trivially_copyable<Type>::value) return_trace (true);
+    if (!sizeof... (Ts) && hb_is_trivially_copyable(Type)) return_trace (true);
     unsigned int count = len;
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++)
       if (unlikely (!c->dispatch (arrayZ[i], std::forward<Ts> (ds)...)))
@@ -835,7 +836,7 @@ struct HeadlessArrayOf
   {
     TRACE_SANITIZE (this);
     if (unlikely (!sanitize_shallow (c))) return_trace (false);
-    if (!sizeof... (Ts) && std::is_trivially_copyable<Type>::value) return_trace (true);
+    if (!sizeof... (Ts) && hb_is_trivially_copyable(Type)) return_trace (true);
     unsigned int count = get_length ();
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++)
       if (unlikely (!c->dispatch (arrayZ[i], std::forward<Ts> (ds)...)))
@@ -884,7 +885,7 @@ struct ArrayOfM1
   {
     TRACE_SANITIZE (this);
     if (unlikely (!sanitize_shallow (c))) return_trace (false);
-    if (!sizeof... (Ts) && std::is_trivially_copyable<Type>::value) return_trace (true);
+    if (!sizeof... (Ts) && hb_is_trivially_copyable(Type)) return_trace (true);
     unsigned int count = lenM1 + 1;
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++)
       if (unlikely (!c->dispatch (arrayZ[i], std::forward<Ts> (ds)...)))
@@ -1070,7 +1071,7 @@ struct VarSizedBinSearchArrayOf
   {
     TRACE_SANITIZE (this);
     if (unlikely (!sanitize_shallow (c))) return_trace (false);
-    if (!sizeof... (Ts) && std::is_trivially_copyable<Type>::value) return_trace (true);
+    if (!sizeof... (Ts) && hb_is_trivially_copyable(Type)) return_trace (true);
     unsigned int count = get_length ();
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++)
       if (unlikely (!(*this)[i].sanitize (c, std::forward<Ts> (ds)...)))
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff-common.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff-common.hh
index c102c15173..ae3b83a256 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff-common.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff-common.hh
@@ -46,49 +46,21 @@ template<typename Type>
 static inline const Type& StructAtOffsetOrNull (const void *P, unsigned int offset)
 { return offset ? StructAtOffset<Type> (P, offset) : Null (Type); }
 
-inline unsigned int calcOffSize (unsigned int dataSize)
-{
-  unsigned int size = 1;
-  unsigned int offset = dataSize + 1;
-  while (offset & ~0xFF)
-  {
-    size++;
-    offset >>= 8;
-  }
-  /* format does not support size > 4; caller should handle it as an error */
-  return size;
-}
-
 struct code_pair_t
 {
   hb_codepoint_t code;
   hb_codepoint_t glyph;
 };
 
-typedef hb_vector_t<unsigned char> str_buff_t;
-struct str_buff_vec_t : hb_vector_t<str_buff_t>
-{
-  unsigned int total_size () const
-  {
-    unsigned int size = 0;
-    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < length; i++)
-      size += (*this)[i].length;
-    return size;
-  }
-
-  private:
-  typedef hb_vector_t<str_buff_t> SUPER;
-};
+using str_buff_t = hb_vector_t<unsigned char>;
+using str_buff_vec_t = hb_vector_t<str_buff_t>;
 
 /* CFF INDEX */
 template <typename COUNT>
 struct CFFIndex
 {
-  static unsigned int calculate_offset_array_size (unsigned int offSize, unsigned int count)
-  { return offSize * (count + 1); }
-
   unsigned int offset_array_size () const
-  { return calculate_offset_array_size (offSize, count); }
+  { return offSize * (count + 1); }
 
   CFFIndex *copy (hb_serialize_context_t *c) const
   {
@@ -100,55 +72,46 @@ struct CFFIndex
     return_trace (out);
   }
 
-  bool serialize (hb_serialize_context_t *c, const CFFIndex &src)
-  {
-    TRACE_SERIALIZE (this);
-    unsigned int size = src.get_size ();
-    CFFIndex *dest = c->allocate_size<CFFIndex> (size);
-    if (unlikely (!dest)) return_trace (false);
-    memcpy (dest, &src, size);
-    return_trace (true);
-  }
-
   bool serialize (hb_serialize_context_t *c,
 		  unsigned int offSize_,
 		  const byte_str_array_t &byteArray)
   {
     TRACE_SERIALIZE (this);
+
     if (byteArray.length == 0)
     {
       COUNT *dest = c->allocate_min<COUNT> ();
       if (unlikely (!dest)) return_trace (false);
       *dest = 0;
+      return_trace (true);
     }
-    else
-    {
-      /* serialize CFFIndex header */
-      if (unlikely (!c->extend_min (this))) return_trace (false);
-      this->count = byteArray.length;
-      this->offSize = offSize_;
-      if (unlikely (!c->allocate_size<HBUINT8> (offSize_ * (byteArray.length + 1))))
-	return_trace (false);
 
-      /* serialize indices */
-      unsigned int  offset = 1;
-      unsigned int  i = 0;
-      for (; i < byteArray.length; i++)
-      {
-	set_offset_at (i, offset);
-	offset += byteArray[i].get_size ();
-      }
+    /* serialize CFFIndex header */
+    if (unlikely (!c->extend_min (this))) return_trace (false);
+    this->count = byteArray.length;
+    this->offSize = offSize_;
+    if (unlikely (!c->allocate_size<HBUINT8> (offSize_ * (byteArray.length + 1))))
+      return_trace (false);
+
+    /* serialize indices */
+    unsigned int  offset = 1;
+    unsigned int  i = 0;
+    for (; i < byteArray.length; i++)
+    {
       set_offset_at (i, offset);
+      offset += byteArray[i].get_size ();
+    }
+    set_offset_at (i, offset);
 
-      /* serialize data */
-      for (unsigned int i = 0; i < byteArray.length; i++)
-      {
-	const byte_str_t &bs = byteArray[i];
-	unsigned char *dest = c->allocate_size<unsigned char> (bs.length);
-	if (unlikely (!dest)) return_trace (false);
-	memcpy (dest, &bs[0], bs.length);
-      }
+    /* serialize data */
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < byteArray.length; i++)
+    {
+      const hb_ubytes_t &bs = byteArray[i];
+      unsigned char *dest = c->allocate_size<unsigned char> (bs.length);
+      if (unlikely (!dest)) return_trace (false);
+      memcpy (dest, &bs[0], bs.length);
     }
+
     return_trace (true);
   }
 
@@ -160,7 +123,7 @@ struct CFFIndex
     byteArray.init ();
     byteArray.resize (buffArray.length);
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < byteArray.length; i++)
-      byteArray[i] = byte_str_t (buffArray[i].arrayZ, buffArray[i].length);
+      byteArray[i] = hb_ubytes_t (buffArray[i].arrayZ, buffArray[i].length);
     bool result = this->serialize (c, offSize_, byteArray);
     byteArray.fini ();
     return result;
@@ -172,18 +135,9 @@ struct CFFIndex
 		  Iterator it)
   {
     TRACE_SERIALIZE (this);
-    if (it.len () == 0)
-    {
-      COUNT *dest = c->allocate_min<COUNT> ();
-      if (unlikely (!dest)) return_trace (false);
-      *dest = 0;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-      serialize_header(c, + it | hb_map ([] (const byte_str_t &_) { return _.length; }));
-      for (const auto &_ : +it)
-	_.copy (c);
-    }
+    serialize_header(c, + it | hb_map ([] (const hb_ubytes_t &_) { return _.length; }));
+    for (const auto &_ : +it)
+      _.copy (c);
     return_trace (true);
   }
 
@@ -196,7 +150,7 @@ struct CFFIndex
   {
     auto it =
     + hb_iter (buffArray)
-    | hb_map ([] (const str_buff_t &_) { return byte_str_t (_.arrayZ, _.length); })
+    | hb_map ([] (const str_buff_t &_) { return hb_ubytes_t (_.arrayZ, _.length); })
     ;
     return serialize (c, it);
   }
@@ -209,13 +163,15 @@ struct CFFIndex
     TRACE_SERIALIZE (this);
 
     unsigned total = + it | hb_reduce (hb_add, 0);
-    unsigned off_size = calcOffSize (total);
+    unsigned off_size = (hb_bit_storage (total + 1) + 7) / 8;
 
     /* serialize CFFIndex header */
     if (unlikely (!c->extend_min (this))) return_trace (false);
     this->count = it.len ();
+    if (!this->count) return_trace (true);
+    if (unlikely (!c->extend (this->offSize))) return_trace (false);
     this->offSize = off_size;
-    if (unlikely (!c->allocate_size<HBUINT8> (off_size * (it.len () + 1))))
+    if (unlikely (!c->allocate_size<HBUINT8> (off_size * (this->count + 1))))
       return_trace (false);
 
     /* serialize indices */
@@ -233,6 +189,7 @@ struct CFFIndex
 
   void set_offset_at (unsigned int index, unsigned int offset)
   {
+    assert (index <= count);
     HBUINT8 *p = offsets + offSize * index + offSize;
     unsigned int size = offSize;
     for (; size; size--)
@@ -243,11 +200,13 @@ struct CFFIndex
     }
   }
 
+  private:
   unsigned int offset_at (unsigned int index) const
   {
     assert (index <= count);
-    const HBUINT8 *p = offsets + offSize * index;
+
     unsigned int size = offSize;
+    const HBUINT8 *p = offsets + size * index;
     unsigned int offset = 0;
     for (; size; size--)
       offset = (offset << 8) + *p++;
@@ -256,72 +215,57 @@ struct CFFIndex
 
   unsigned int length_at (unsigned int index) const
   {
-    if (unlikely ((offset_at (index + 1) < offset_at (index)) ||
-		  (offset_at (index + 1) > offset_at (count))))
+    unsigned offset0 = offset_at (index);
+    unsigned offset1 = offset_at (index + 1);
+    if (unlikely (offset1 < offset0 || offset1 > offset_at (count)))
       return 0;
-    return offset_at (index + 1) - offset_at (index);
+    return offset1 - offset0;
   }
 
   const unsigned char *data_base () const
-  { return (const unsigned char *) this + min_size + offset_array_size (); }
-
-  unsigned int data_size () const { return HBINT8::static_size; }
+  { return (const unsigned char *) this + min_size + offSize.static_size + offset_array_size (); }
+  public:
 
-  byte_str_t operator [] (unsigned int index) const
+  hb_ubytes_t operator [] (unsigned int index) const
   {
-    if (unlikely (index >= count)) return Null (byte_str_t);
-    return byte_str_t (data_base () + offset_at (index) - 1, length_at (index));
+    if (unlikely (index >= count)) return hb_ubytes_t ();
+    unsigned length = length_at (index);
+    if (unlikely (!length)) return hb_ubytes_t ();
+    return hb_ubytes_t (data_base () + offset_at (index) - 1, length);
   }
 
   unsigned int get_size () const
   {
-    if (this == &Null (CFFIndex)) return 0;
-    if (count > 0)
-      return min_size + offset_array_size () + (offset_at (count) - 1);
-    return count.static_size;  /* empty CFFIndex contains count only */
+    if (count)
+      return min_size + offSize.static_size + offset_array_size () + (offset_at (count) - 1);
+    return min_size;  /* empty CFFIndex contains count only */
   }
 
   bool sanitize (hb_sanitize_context_t *c) const
   {
     TRACE_SANITIZE (this);
-    return_trace (likely ((c->check_struct (this) && count == 0) || /* empty INDEX */
-			  (c->check_struct (this) && offSize >= 1 && offSize <= 4 &&
-			   c->check_array (offsets, offSize, count + 1) &&
-			   c->check_array ((const HBUINT8*) data_base (), 1, max_offset () - 1))));
-  }
-
-  protected:
-  unsigned int max_offset () const
-  {
-    unsigned int max = 0;
-    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count + 1u; i++)
-    {
-      unsigned int off = offset_at (i);
-      if (off > max) max = off;
-    }
-    return max;
+    return_trace (likely (c->check_struct (this) &&
+			  (count == 0 || /* empty INDEX */
+			   (count < count + 1u &&
+			    c->check_struct (&offSize) && offSize >= 1 && offSize <= 4 &&
+			    c->check_array (offsets, offSize, count + 1u) &&
+			    c->check_array ((const HBUINT8*) data_base (), 1, offset_at (count) - 1)))));
   }
 
   public:
   COUNT		count;		/* Number of object data. Note there are (count+1) offsets */
+  private:
   HBUINT8	offSize;	/* The byte size of each offset in the offsets array. */
   HBUINT8	offsets[HB_VAR_ARRAY];
 				/* The array of (count + 1) offsets into objects array (1-base). */
   /* HBUINT8 data[HB_VAR_ARRAY];	Object data */
   public:
-  DEFINE_SIZE_ARRAY (COUNT::static_size + HBUINT8::static_size, offsets);
+  DEFINE_SIZE_MIN (COUNT::static_size);
 };
 
 template <typename COUNT, typename TYPE>
 struct CFFIndexOf : CFFIndex<COUNT>
 {
-  const byte_str_t operator [] (unsigned int index) const
-  {
-    if (likely (index < CFFIndex<COUNT>::count))
-      return byte_str_t (CFFIndex<COUNT>::data_base () + CFFIndex<COUNT>::offset_at (index) - 1, CFFIndex<COUNT>::length_at (index));
-    return Null (byte_str_t);
-  }
-
   template <typename DATA, typename PARAM1, typename PARAM2>
   bool serialize (hb_serialize_context_t *c,
 		  unsigned int offSize_,
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff1-table.cc b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff1-table.cc
index df4554ac00..bd9fe5d6d4 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff1-table.cc
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff1-table.cc
@@ -311,10 +311,8 @@ struct bounds_t
 
 struct cff1_extents_param_t
 {
-  void init (const OT::cff1::accelerator_t *_cff)
+  cff1_extents_param_t (const OT::cff1::accelerator_t *_cff) : cff (_cff)
   {
-    path_open = false;
-    cff = _cff;
     bounds.init ();
   }
 
@@ -322,7 +320,7 @@ struct cff1_extents_param_t
   void end_path     ()       { path_open = false; }
   bool is_path_open () const { return path_open; }
 
-  bool path_open;
+  bool path_open = false;
   bounds_t bounds;
 
   const OT::cff1::accelerator_t *cff;
@@ -395,12 +393,11 @@ bool _get_bounds (const OT::cff1::accelerator_t *cff, hb_codepoint_t glyph, boun
   if (unlikely (!cff->is_valid () || (glyph >= cff->num_glyphs))) return false;
 
   unsigned int fd = cff->fdSelect->get_fd (glyph);
-  cff1_cs_interpreter_t<cff1_cs_opset_extents_t, cff1_extents_param_t> interp;
-  const byte_str_t str = (*cff->charStrings)[glyph];
-  interp.env.init (str, *cff, fd);
-  interp.env.set_in_seac (in_seac);
-  cff1_extents_param_t  param;
-  param.init (cff);
+  const hb_ubytes_t str = (*cff->charStrings)[glyph];
+  cff1_cs_interp_env_t env (str, *cff, fd);
+  env.set_in_seac (in_seac);
+  cff1_cs_interpreter_t<cff1_cs_opset_extents_t, cff1_extents_param_t> interp (env);
+  cff1_extents_param_t param (cff);
   if (unlikely (!interp.interpret (param))) return false;
   bounds = param.bounds;
   return true;
@@ -541,10 +538,10 @@ bool _get_path (const OT::cff1::accelerator_t *cff, hb_font_t *font, hb_codepoin
   if (unlikely (!cff->is_valid () || (glyph >= cff->num_glyphs))) return false;
 
   unsigned int fd = cff->fdSelect->get_fd (glyph);
-  cff1_cs_interpreter_t<cff1_cs_opset_path_t, cff1_path_param_t> interp;
-  const byte_str_t str = (*cff->charStrings)[glyph];
-  interp.env.init (str, *cff, fd);
-  interp.env.set_in_seac (in_seac);
+  const hb_ubytes_t str = (*cff->charStrings)[glyph];
+  cff1_cs_interp_env_t env (str, *cff, fd);
+  env.set_in_seac (in_seac);
+  cff1_cs_interpreter_t<cff1_cs_opset_path_t, cff1_path_param_t> interp (env);
   cff1_path_param_t param (cff, font, draw_session, delta);
   if (unlikely (!interp.interpret (param))) return false;
 
@@ -566,18 +563,13 @@ bool OT::cff1::accelerator_t::get_path (hb_font_t *font, hb_codepoint_t glyph, h
 
 struct get_seac_param_t
 {
-  void init (const OT::cff1::accelerator_t *_cff)
-  {
-    cff = _cff;
-    base = 0;
-    accent = 0;
-  }
+  get_seac_param_t (const OT::cff1::accelerator_t *_cff) : cff (_cff) {}
 
   bool has_seac () const { return base && accent; }
 
   const OT::cff1::accelerator_t *cff;
-  hb_codepoint_t  base;
-  hb_codepoint_t  accent;
+  hb_codepoint_t  base = 0;
+  hb_codepoint_t  accent = 0;
 };
 
 struct cff1_cs_opset_seac_t : cff1_cs_opset_t<cff1_cs_opset_seac_t, get_seac_param_t>
@@ -598,11 +590,10 @@ bool OT::cff1::accelerator_t::get_seac_components (hb_codepoint_t glyph, hb_code
   if (unlikely (!is_valid () || (glyph >= num_glyphs))) return false;
 
   unsigned int fd = fdSelect->get_fd (glyph);
-  cff1_cs_interpreter_t<cff1_cs_opset_seac_t, get_seac_param_t> interp;
-  const byte_str_t str = (*charStrings)[glyph];
-  interp.env.init (str, *this, fd);
-  get_seac_param_t  param;
-  param.init (this);
+  const hb_ubytes_t str = (*charStrings)[glyph];
+  cff1_cs_interp_env_t env (str, *this, fd);
+  cff1_cs_interpreter_t<cff1_cs_opset_seac_t, get_seac_param_t> interp (env);
+  get_seac_param_t  param (this);
   if (unlikely (!interp.interpret (param))) return false;
 
   if (param.has_seac ())
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff1-table.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff1-table.hh
index 542e3f4de3..b5047002ac 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff1-table.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff1-table.hh
@@ -318,14 +318,21 @@ struct Charset0 {
     return_trace (c->check_struct (this) && sids[num_glyphs - 1].sanitize (c));
   }
 
-  hb_codepoint_t get_sid (hb_codepoint_t glyph) const
+  hb_codepoint_t get_sid (hb_codepoint_t glyph, unsigned num_glyphs) const
   {
+    if (unlikely (glyph >= num_glyphs)) return 0;
     if (glyph == 0)
       return 0;
     else
       return sids[glyph - 1];
   }
 
+  void collect_glyph_to_sid_map (hb_map_t *mapping, unsigned int num_glyphs) const
+  {
+    for (hb_codepoint_t gid = 1; gid < num_glyphs; gid++)
+      mapping->set (gid, sids[gid - 1]);
+  }
+
   hb_codepoint_t get_glyph (hb_codepoint_t sid, unsigned int num_glyphs) const
   {
     if (sid == 0)
@@ -381,20 +388,36 @@ struct Charset1_2 {
     return_trace (true);
   }
 
-  hb_codepoint_t get_sid (hb_codepoint_t glyph) const
+  hb_codepoint_t get_sid (hb_codepoint_t glyph, unsigned num_glyphs) const
   {
+    if (unlikely (glyph >= num_glyphs)) return 0;
     if (glyph == 0) return 0;
     glyph--;
     for (unsigned int i = 0;; i++)
     {
       if (glyph <= ranges[i].nLeft)
-	return (hb_codepoint_t)ranges[i].first + glyph;
+	return (hb_codepoint_t) ranges[i].first + glyph;
       glyph -= (ranges[i].nLeft + 1);
     }
 
     return 0;
   }
 
+  void collect_glyph_to_sid_map (hb_map_t *mapping, unsigned int num_glyphs) const
+  {
+    hb_codepoint_t gid = 1;
+    for (unsigned i = 0;; i++)
+    {
+      hb_codepoint_t sid = ranges[i].first;
+      unsigned count = ranges[i].nLeft + 1;
+      for (unsigned j = 0; j < count; j++)
+	mapping->set (gid++, sid++);
+
+      if (gid >= num_glyphs)
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+
   hb_codepoint_t get_glyph (hb_codepoint_t sid, unsigned int num_glyphs) const
   {
     if (sid == 0) return 0;
@@ -521,16 +544,26 @@ struct Charset
 
   hb_codepoint_t get_sid (hb_codepoint_t glyph, unsigned int num_glyphs) const
   {
-    if (unlikely (glyph >= num_glyphs)) return 0;
     switch (format)
     {
-    case 0: return u.format0.get_sid (glyph);
-    case 1: return u.format1.get_sid (glyph);
-    case 2: return u.format2.get_sid (glyph);
+    case 0: return u.format0.get_sid (glyph, num_glyphs);
+    case 1: return u.format1.get_sid (glyph, num_glyphs);
+    case 2: return u.format2.get_sid (glyph, num_glyphs);
     default:return 0;
     }
   }
 
+  void collect_glyph_to_sid_map (hb_map_t *mapping, unsigned int num_glyphs) const
+  {
+    switch (format)
+    {
+    case 0: u.format0.collect_glyph_to_sid_map (mapping, num_glyphs); return;
+    case 1: u.format1.collect_glyph_to_sid_map (mapping, num_glyphs); return;
+    case 2: u.format2.collect_glyph_to_sid_map (mapping, num_glyphs); return;
+    default:return;
+    }
+  }
+
   hb_codepoint_t get_glyph (hb_codepoint_t sid, unsigned int num_glyphs) const
   {
     switch (format)
@@ -602,6 +635,8 @@ struct cff1_top_dict_interp_env_t : num_interp_env_t
 {
   cff1_top_dict_interp_env_t ()
     : num_interp_env_t(), prev_offset(0), last_offset(0) {}
+  cff1_top_dict_interp_env_t (const hb_ubytes_t &bytes)
+    : num_interp_env_t(bytes), prev_offset(0), last_offset(0) {}
 
   unsigned int prev_offset;
   unsigned int last_offset;
@@ -1024,11 +1059,10 @@ struct cff1
       { fini (); return; }
 
       { /* parse top dict */
-	const byte_str_t topDictStr = (*topDictIndex)[0];
+	const hb_ubytes_t topDictStr = (*topDictIndex)[0];
 	if (unlikely (!topDictStr.sanitize (&sc))) { fini (); return; }
-	cff1_top_dict_interpreter_t top_interp;
-	top_interp.env.init (topDictStr);
-	topDict.init ();
+	cff1_top_dict_interp_env_t env (topDictStr);
+	cff1_top_dict_interpreter_t top_interp (env);
 	if (unlikely (!top_interp.interpret (topDict))) { fini (); return; }
       }
 
@@ -1098,20 +1132,20 @@ struct cff1
       {
 	for (unsigned int i = 0; i < fdCount; i++)
 	{
-	  byte_str_t fontDictStr = (*fdArray)[i];
+	  hb_ubytes_t fontDictStr = (*fdArray)[i];
 	  if (unlikely (!fontDictStr.sanitize (&sc))) { fini (); return; }
 	  cff1_font_dict_values_t *font;
-	  cff1_font_dict_interpreter_t font_interp;
-	  font_interp.env.init (fontDictStr);
+	  cff1_top_dict_interp_env_t env (fontDictStr);
+	  cff1_font_dict_interpreter_t font_interp (env);
 	  font = fontDicts.push ();
 	  if (unlikely (font == &Crap (cff1_font_dict_values_t))) { fini (); return; }
 	  font->init ();
 	  if (unlikely (!font_interp.interpret (*font))) { fini (); return; }
 	  PRIVDICTVAL *priv = &privateDicts[i];
-	  const byte_str_t privDictStr (StructAtOffset<UnsizedByteStr> (cff, font->privateDictInfo.offset), font->privateDictInfo.size);
+	  const hb_ubytes_t privDictStr = StructAtOffset<UnsizedByteStr> (cff, font->privateDictInfo.offset).as_ubytes (font->privateDictInfo.size);
 	  if (unlikely (!privDictStr.sanitize (&sc))) { fini (); return; }
-	  dict_interpreter_t<PRIVOPSET, PRIVDICTVAL> priv_interp;
-	  priv_interp.env.init (privDictStr);
+	  num_interp_env_t env2 (privDictStr);
+	  dict_interpreter_t<PRIVOPSET, PRIVDICTVAL> priv_interp (env2);
 	  priv->init ();
 	  if (unlikely (!priv_interp.interpret (*priv))) { fini (); return; }
 
@@ -1126,10 +1160,10 @@ struct cff1
 	cff1_top_dict_values_t *font = &topDict;
 	PRIVDICTVAL *priv = &privateDicts[0];
 
-	const byte_str_t privDictStr (StructAtOffset<UnsizedByteStr> (cff, font->privateDictInfo.offset), font->privateDictInfo.size);
+	const hb_ubytes_t privDictStr = StructAtOffset<UnsizedByteStr> (cff, font->privateDictInfo.offset).as_ubytes (font->privateDictInfo.size);
 	if (unlikely (!privDictStr.sanitize (&sc))) { fini (); return; }
-	dict_interpreter_t<PRIVOPSET, PRIVDICTVAL> priv_interp;
-	priv_interp.env.init (privDictStr);
+	num_interp_env_t env (privDictStr);
+	dict_interpreter_t<PRIVOPSET, PRIVDICTVAL> priv_interp (env);
 	priv->init ();
 	if (unlikely (!priv_interp.interpret (*priv))) { fini (); return; }
 
@@ -1194,6 +1228,19 @@ struct cff1
       }
     }
 
+    hb_map_t *create_glyph_to_sid_map () const
+    {
+      if (charset != &Null (Charset))
+      {
+	hb_map_t *mapping = hb_map_create ();
+	mapping->set (0, 0);
+	charset->collect_glyph_to_sid_map (mapping, num_glyphs);
+	return mapping;
+      }
+      else
+	return nullptr;
+    }
+
     hb_codepoint_t glyph_to_sid (hb_codepoint_t glyph) const
     {
       if (charset != &Null (Charset))
@@ -1274,30 +1321,20 @@ struct cff1
     {
       SUPER::init (face);
 
+      glyph_names.set_relaxed (nullptr);
+
       if (!is_valid ()) return;
       if (is_CID ()) return;
 
-      /* fill glyph_names */
-      for (hb_codepoint_t gid = 0; gid < num_glyphs; gid++)
-      {
-	hb_codepoint_t	sid = glyph_to_sid (gid);
-	gname_t	gname;
-	gname.sid = sid;
-	if (sid < cff1_std_strings_length)
-	  gname.name = cff1_std_strings (sid);
-	else
-	{
-	  byte_str_t	ustr = (*stringIndex)[sid - cff1_std_strings_length];
-	  gname.name = hb_bytes_t ((const char*)ustr.arrayZ, ustr.length);
-	}
-	if (unlikely (!gname.name.arrayZ)) { fini (); return; }
-	glyph_names.push (gname);
-      }
-      glyph_names.qsort ();
     }
     ~accelerator_t ()
     {
-      glyph_names.fini ();
+      hb_sorted_vector_t<gname_t> *names = glyph_names.get_relaxed ();
+      if (names)
+      {
+	names->fini ();
+	free (names);
+      }
 
       SUPER::fini ();
     }
@@ -1305,9 +1342,9 @@ struct cff1
     bool get_glyph_name (hb_codepoint_t glyph,
 			 char *buf, unsigned int buf_len) const
     {
-      if (!buf) return true;
       if (unlikely (!is_valid ())) return false;
       if (is_CID()) return false;
+      if (unlikely (!buf_len)) return true;
       hb_codepoint_t sid = glyph_to_sid (glyph);
       const char *str;
       size_t str_len;
@@ -1319,7 +1356,7 @@ struct cff1
       }
       else
       {
-	byte_str_t ubyte_str = (*stringIndex)[sid - cff1_std_strings_length];
+	hb_ubytes_t ubyte_str = (*stringIndex)[sid - cff1_std_strings_length];
 	str = (const char *)ubyte_str.arrayZ;
 	str_len = ubyte_str.length;
       }
@@ -1333,11 +1370,53 @@ struct cff1
     bool get_glyph_from_name (const char *name, int len,
 			      hb_codepoint_t *glyph) const
     {
+      if (unlikely (!is_valid ())) return false;
+      if (is_CID()) return false;
       if (len < 0) len = strlen (name);
       if (unlikely (!len)) return false;
 
+    retry:
+      hb_sorted_vector_t<gname_t> *names = glyph_names.get ();
+      if (unlikely (!names))
+      {
+	names = (hb_sorted_vector_t<gname_t> *) calloc (sizeof (hb_sorted_vector_t<gname_t>), 1);
+	if (likely (names))
+	{
+	  names->init ();
+	  /* TODO */
+
+	  /* fill glyph names */
+	  for (hb_codepoint_t gid = 0; gid < num_glyphs; gid++)
+	  {
+	    hb_codepoint_t	sid = glyph_to_sid (gid);
+	    gname_t	gname;
+	    gname.sid = sid;
+	    if (sid < cff1_std_strings_length)
+	      gname.name = cff1_std_strings (sid);
+	    else
+	    {
+	      hb_ubytes_t	ustr = (*stringIndex)[sid - cff1_std_strings_length];
+	      gname.name = hb_bytes_t ((const char*) ustr.arrayZ, ustr.length);
+	    }
+	    if (unlikely (!gname.name.arrayZ))
+	      gname.name = hb_bytes_t ("", 0); /* To avoid nullptr. */
+	    names->push (gname);
+	  }
+	  names->qsort ();
+	}
+	if (unlikely (!glyph_names.cmpexch (nullptr, names)))
+	{
+	  if (names)
+	  {
+	    names->fini ();
+	    free (names);
+	  }
+	  goto retry;
+	}
+       }
+
       gname_t key = { hb_bytes_t (name, len), 0 };
-      const gname_t *gname = glyph_names.bsearch (key);
+      const gname_t *gname = glyph_names->bsearch (key);
       if (!gname) return false;
       hb_codepoint_t gid = sid_to_glyph (gname->sid);
       if (!gid && gname->sid) return false;
@@ -1359,7 +1438,7 @@ struct cff1
       {
 	const gname_t *a = (const gname_t *)a_;
 	const gname_t *b = (const gname_t *)b_;
-	int minlen = hb_min (a->name.length, b->name.length);
+	unsigned minlen = hb_min (a->name.length, b->name.length);
 	int ret = strncmp (a->name.arrayZ, b->name.arrayZ, minlen);
 	if (ret) return ret;
 	return a->name.length - b->name.length;
@@ -1368,7 +1447,7 @@ struct cff1
       int cmp (const gname_t &a) const { return cmp (&a, this); }
     };
 
-    hb_sorted_vector_t<gname_t>	glyph_names;
+    mutable hb_atomic_ptr_t<hb_sorted_vector_t<gname_t>> glyph_names;
 
     typedef accelerator_templ_t<cff1_private_dict_opset_t, cff1_private_dict_values_t> SUPER;
   };
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff2-table.cc b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff2-table.cc
index 817fe064ce..50c76daf93 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff2-table.cc
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff2-table.cc
@@ -36,9 +36,8 @@ using namespace CFF;
 
 struct cff2_extents_param_t
 {
-  void init ()
+  cff2_extents_param_t ()
   {
-    path_open = false;
     min_x.set_int (INT_MAX);
     min_y.set_int (INT_MAX);
     max_x.set_int (INT_MIN);
@@ -57,22 +56,22 @@ struct cff2_extents_param_t
     if (pt.y > max_y) max_y = pt.y;
   }
 
-  bool  path_open;
+  bool  path_open = false;
   number_t min_x;
   number_t min_y;
   number_t max_x;
   number_t max_y;
 };
 
-struct cff2_path_procs_extents_t : path_procs_t<cff2_path_procs_extents_t, cff2_cs_interp_env_t, cff2_extents_param_t>
+struct cff2_path_procs_extents_t : path_procs_t<cff2_path_procs_extents_t, cff2_cs_interp_env_t<number_t>, cff2_extents_param_t>
 {
-  static void moveto (cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, cff2_extents_param_t& param, const point_t &pt)
+  static void moveto (cff2_cs_interp_env_t<number_t> &env, cff2_extents_param_t& param, const point_t &pt)
   {
     param.end_path ();
     env.moveto (pt);
   }
 
-  static void line (cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, cff2_extents_param_t& param, const point_t &pt1)
+  static void line (cff2_cs_interp_env_t<number_t> &env, cff2_extents_param_t& param, const point_t &pt1)
   {
     if (!param.is_path_open ())
     {
@@ -83,7 +82,7 @@ struct cff2_path_procs_extents_t : path_procs_t<cff2_path_procs_extents_t, cff2_
     param.update_bounds (env.get_pt ());
   }
 
-  static void curve (cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, cff2_extents_param_t& param, const point_t &pt1, const point_t &pt2, const point_t &pt3)
+  static void curve (cff2_cs_interp_env_t<number_t> &env, cff2_extents_param_t& param, const point_t &pt1, const point_t &pt2, const point_t &pt3)
   {
     if (!param.is_path_open ())
     {
@@ -98,7 +97,7 @@ struct cff2_path_procs_extents_t : path_procs_t<cff2_path_procs_extents_t, cff2_
   }
 };
 
-struct cff2_cs_opset_extents_t : cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_extents_t, cff2_extents_param_t, cff2_path_procs_extents_t> {};
+struct cff2_cs_opset_extents_t : cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_extents_t, cff2_extents_param_t, number_t, cff2_path_procs_extents_t> {};
 
 bool OT::cff2::accelerator_t::get_extents (hb_font_t *font,
 					   hb_codepoint_t glyph,
@@ -112,11 +111,10 @@ bool OT::cff2::accelerator_t::get_extents (hb_font_t *font,
   if (unlikely (!is_valid () || (glyph >= num_glyphs))) return false;
 
   unsigned int fd = fdSelect->get_fd (glyph);
-  cff2_cs_interpreter_t<cff2_cs_opset_extents_t, cff2_extents_param_t> interp;
-  const byte_str_t str = (*charStrings)[glyph];
-  interp.env.init (str, *this, fd, font->coords, font->num_coords);
+  const hb_ubytes_t str = (*charStrings)[glyph];
+  cff2_cs_interp_env_t<number_t> env (str, *this, fd, font->coords, font->num_coords);
+  cff2_cs_interpreter_t<cff2_cs_opset_extents_t, cff2_extents_param_t, number_t> interp (env);
   cff2_extents_param_t  param;
-  param.init ();
   if (unlikely (!interp.interpret (param))) return false;
 
   if (param.min_x >= param.max_x)
@@ -169,28 +167,28 @@ struct cff2_path_param_t
   hb_font_t *font;
 };
 
-struct cff2_path_procs_path_t : path_procs_t<cff2_path_procs_path_t, cff2_cs_interp_env_t, cff2_path_param_t>
+struct cff2_path_procs_path_t : path_procs_t<cff2_path_procs_path_t, cff2_cs_interp_env_t<number_t>, cff2_path_param_t>
 {
-  static void moveto (cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, cff2_path_param_t& param, const point_t &pt)
+  static void moveto (cff2_cs_interp_env_t<number_t> &env, cff2_path_param_t& param, const point_t &pt)
   {
     param.move_to (pt);
     env.moveto (pt);
   }
 
-  static void line (cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, cff2_path_param_t& param, const point_t &pt1)
+  static void line (cff2_cs_interp_env_t<number_t> &env, cff2_path_param_t& param, const point_t &pt1)
   {
     param.line_to (pt1);
     env.moveto (pt1);
   }
 
-  static void curve (cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, cff2_path_param_t& param, const point_t &pt1, const point_t &pt2, const point_t &pt3)
+  static void curve (cff2_cs_interp_env_t<number_t> &env, cff2_path_param_t& param, const point_t &pt1, const point_t &pt2, const point_t &pt3)
   {
     param.cubic_to (pt1, pt2, pt3);
     env.moveto (pt3);
   }
 };
 
-struct cff2_cs_opset_path_t : cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_path_t, cff2_path_param_t, cff2_path_procs_path_t> {};
+struct cff2_cs_opset_path_t : cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_path_t, cff2_path_param_t, number_t, cff2_path_procs_path_t> {};
 
 bool OT::cff2::accelerator_t::get_path (hb_font_t *font, hb_codepoint_t glyph, hb_draw_session_t &draw_session) const
 {
@@ -202,9 +200,9 @@ bool OT::cff2::accelerator_t::get_path (hb_font_t *font, hb_codepoint_t glyph, h
   if (unlikely (!is_valid () || (glyph >= num_glyphs))) return false;
 
   unsigned int fd = fdSelect->get_fd (glyph);
-  cff2_cs_interpreter_t<cff2_cs_opset_path_t, cff2_path_param_t> interp;
-  const byte_str_t str = (*charStrings)[glyph];
-  interp.env.init (str, *this, fd, font->coords, font->num_coords);
+  const hb_ubytes_t str = (*charStrings)[glyph];
+  cff2_cs_interp_env_t<number_t> env (str, *this, fd, font->coords, font->num_coords);
+  cff2_cs_interpreter_t<cff2_cs_opset_path_t, cff2_path_param_t, number_t> interp (env);
   cff2_path_param_t param (font, draw_session);
   if (unlikely (!interp.interpret (param))) return false;
   return true;
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff2-table.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff2-table.hh
index b77e7f53fa..746160dc8e 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff2-table.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cff2-table.hh
@@ -247,12 +247,8 @@ typedef cff2_private_dict_values_base_t<num_dict_val_t> cff2_private_dict_values
 
 struct cff2_priv_dict_interp_env_t : num_interp_env_t
 {
-  void init (const byte_str_t &str)
-  {
-    num_interp_env_t::init (str);
-    ivs = 0;
-    seen_vsindex = false;
-  }
+  cff2_priv_dict_interp_env_t (const hb_ubytes_t &str) :
+    num_interp_env_t (str) {}
 
   void process_vsindex ()
   {
@@ -267,8 +263,8 @@ struct cff2_priv_dict_interp_env_t : num_interp_env_t
   void	 set_ivs (unsigned int ivs_) { ivs = ivs_; }
 
   protected:
-  unsigned int  ivs;
-  bool	  seen_vsindex;
+  unsigned int  ivs = 0;
+  bool	  seen_vsindex = false;
 };
 
 struct cff2_private_dict_opset_t : dict_opset_t
@@ -415,10 +411,10 @@ struct cff2
         goto fail;
 
       { /* parse top dict */
-	byte_str_t topDictStr (cff2 + cff2->topDict, cff2->topDictSize);
+	hb_ubytes_t topDictStr = (cff2 + cff2->topDict).as_ubytes (cff2->topDictSize);
 	if (unlikely (!topDictStr.sanitize (&sc))) goto fail;
-	cff2_top_dict_interpreter_t top_interp;
-	top_interp.env.init (topDictStr);
+	num_interp_env_t env (topDictStr);
+	cff2_top_dict_interpreter_t top_interp (env);
 	topDict.init ();
 	if (unlikely (!top_interp.interpret (topDict))) goto fail;
       }
@@ -447,20 +443,20 @@ struct cff2
       /* parse font dicts and gather private dicts */
       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < fdCount; i++)
       {
-	const byte_str_t fontDictStr = (*fdArray)[i];
+	const hb_ubytes_t fontDictStr = (*fdArray)[i];
 	if (unlikely (!fontDictStr.sanitize (&sc))) goto fail;
 	cff2_font_dict_values_t  *font;
-	cff2_font_dict_interpreter_t font_interp;
-	font_interp.env.init (fontDictStr);
+	num_interp_env_t env (fontDictStr);
+	cff2_font_dict_interpreter_t font_interp (env);
 	font = fontDicts.push ();
 	if (unlikely (font == &Crap (cff2_font_dict_values_t))) goto fail;
 	font->init ();
 	if (unlikely (!font_interp.interpret (*font))) goto fail;
 
-	const byte_str_t privDictStr (StructAtOffsetOrNull<UnsizedByteStr> (cff2, font->privateDictInfo.offset), font->privateDictInfo.size);
+	const hb_ubytes_t privDictStr = StructAtOffsetOrNull<UnsizedByteStr> (cff2, font->privateDictInfo.offset).as_ubytes (font->privateDictInfo.size);
 	if (unlikely (!privDictStr.sanitize (&sc))) goto fail;
-	dict_interpreter_t<PRIVOPSET, PRIVDICTVAL, cff2_priv_dict_interp_env_t>  priv_interp;
-	priv_interp.env.init(privDictStr);
+	cff2_priv_dict_interp_env_t env2 (privDictStr);
+	dict_interpreter_t<PRIVOPSET, PRIVDICTVAL, cff2_priv_dict_interp_env_t> priv_interp (env2);
 	privateDicts[i].init ();
 	if (unlikely (!priv_interp.interpret (privateDicts[i]))) goto fail;
 
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cmap-table.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cmap-table.hh
index a8747ee5a1..7e96d9c8b3 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cmap-table.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-cmap-table.hh
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ struct CmapSubtableFormat0
   bool get_glyph (hb_codepoint_t codepoint, hb_codepoint_t *glyph) const
   {
     hb_codepoint_t gid = codepoint < 256 ? glyphIdArray[codepoint] : 0;
-    if (!gid)
+    if (unlikely (!gid))
       return false;
     *glyph = gid;
     return true;
@@ -109,22 +109,26 @@ struct CmapSubtableFormat4
 
     while (it) {
       // Start a new range
-      start_cp = (*it).first;
-      prev_run_start_cp = (*it).first;
-      run_start_cp = (*it).first;
-      end_cp = (*it).first;
-      last_gid = (*it).second;
-      run_length = 1;
-      prev_delta = 0;
-
-      delta = (*it).second - (*it).first;
+      {
+        const auto& pair = *it;
+        start_cp = pair.first;
+        prev_run_start_cp = start_cp;
+        run_start_cp = start_cp;
+        end_cp = start_cp;
+        last_gid = pair.second;
+        run_length = 1;
+        prev_delta = 0;
+      }
+
+      delta = last_gid - start_cp;
       mode = FIRST_SUB_RANGE;
       it++;
 
       while (it) {
         // Process range
-        hb_codepoint_t next_cp = (*it).first;
-        hb_codepoint_t next_gid = (*it).second;
+        const auto& pair = *it;
+        hb_codepoint_t next_cp = pair.first;
+        hb_codepoint_t next_gid = pair.second;
         if (next_cp != end_cp + 1) {
           // Current range is over, stop processing.
           break;
@@ -282,23 +286,22 @@ struct CmapSubtableFormat4
   }
 
   template<typename Iterator,
-	   hb_requires (hb_is_iterator (Iterator))>
+          hb_requires (hb_is_iterator (Iterator))>
   HBUINT16* serialize_rangeoffset_glyid (hb_serialize_context_t *c,
-					 Iterator it,
+                                         Iterator it,
 					 HBUINT16 *endCode,
 					 HBUINT16 *startCode,
 					 HBINT16 *idDelta,
 					 unsigned segcount)
   {
-    hb_hashmap_t<hb_codepoint_t, hb_codepoint_t> cp_to_gid;
-    + it | hb_sink (cp_to_gid);
+    hb_map_t cp_to_gid { it };
 
     HBUINT16 *idRangeOffset = c->allocate_size<HBUINT16> (HBUINT16::static_size * segcount);
     if (unlikely (!c->check_success (idRangeOffset))) return nullptr;
     if (unlikely ((char *)idRangeOffset - (char *)idDelta != (int) segcount * (int) HBINT16::static_size)) return nullptr;
 
     for (unsigned i : + hb_range (segcount)
-             | hb_filter ([&] (const unsigned _) { return idDelta[_] == 0; }))
+		      | hb_filter ([&] (const unsigned _) { return idDelta[_] == 0; }))
     {
       idRangeOffset[i] = 2 * (c->start_embed<HBUINT16> () - idRangeOffset - i);
       for (hb_codepoint_t cp = startCode[i]; cp <= endCode[i]; cp++)
@@ -323,22 +326,31 @@ struct CmapSubtableFormat4
 		 { return _.first <= 0xFFFF; })
     ;
 
-    if (format4_iter.len () == 0) return;
+    if (!format4_iter) return;
 
     unsigned table_initpos = c->length ();
     if (unlikely (!c->extend_min (this))) return;
     this->format = 4;
 
+    hb_vector_t<hb_pair_t<hb_codepoint_t, hb_codepoint_t>> cp_to_gid {
+      format4_iter
+    };
+
     //serialize endCode[], startCode[], idDelta[]
     HBUINT16* endCode = c->start_embed<HBUINT16> ();
-    unsigned segcount = serialize_find_segcount (format4_iter);
-    if (unlikely (!serialize_start_end_delta_arrays (c, format4_iter, segcount)))
+    unsigned segcount = serialize_find_segcount (cp_to_gid.iter());
+    if (unlikely (!serialize_start_end_delta_arrays (c, cp_to_gid.iter(), segcount)))
       return;
 
     HBUINT16 *startCode = endCode + segcount + 1;
     HBINT16 *idDelta = ((HBINT16*)startCode) + segcount;
 
-    HBUINT16 *idRangeOffset = serialize_rangeoffset_glyid (c, format4_iter, endCode, startCode, idDelta, segcount);
+    HBUINT16 *idRangeOffset = serialize_rangeoffset_glyid (c,
+                                                           cp_to_gid.iter (),
+                                                           endCode,
+                                                           startCode,
+                                                           idDelta,
+                                                           segcount);
     if (unlikely (!c->check_success (idRangeOffset))) return;
 
     this->length = c->length () - table_initpos;
@@ -401,7 +413,7 @@ struct CmapSubtableFormat4
 					  2,
 					  _hb_cmp_method<hb_codepoint_t, CustomRange, unsigned>,
 					  this->segCount + 1);
-      if (!found)
+      if (unlikely (!found))
 	return false;
       unsigned int i = found - endCount;
 
@@ -421,7 +433,7 @@ struct CmapSubtableFormat4
 	gid += this->idDelta[i];
       }
       gid &= 0xFFFFu;
-      if (!gid)
+      if (unlikely (!gid))
 	return false;
       *glyph = gid;
       return true;
@@ -440,14 +452,14 @@ struct CmapSubtableFormat4
 	hb_codepoint_t start = this->startCount[i];
 	hb_codepoint_t end = this->endCount[i];
 	unsigned int rangeOffset = this->idRangeOffset[i];
+        out->add_range(start, end);
 	if (rangeOffset == 0)
 	{
 	  for (hb_codepoint_t codepoint = start; codepoint <= end; codepoint++)
 	  {
 	    hb_codepoint_t gid = (codepoint + this->idDelta[i]) & 0xFFFFu;
 	    if (unlikely (!gid))
-	      continue;
-	    out->add (codepoint);
+              out->del(codepoint);
 	  }
 	}
 	else
@@ -456,11 +468,13 @@ struct CmapSubtableFormat4
 	  {
 	    unsigned int index = rangeOffset / 2 + (codepoint - this->startCount[i]) + i - this->segCount;
 	    if (unlikely (index >= this->glyphIdArrayLength))
+            {
+              out->del_range (codepoint, end);
 	      break;
+            }
 	    hb_codepoint_t gid = this->glyphIdArray[index];
 	    if (unlikely (!gid))
-	      continue;
-	    out->add (codepoint);
+              out->del(codepoint);
 	  }
 	}
       }
@@ -469,6 +483,8 @@ struct CmapSubtableFormat4
     void collect_mapping (hb_set_t *unicodes, /* OUT */
 			  hb_map_t *mapping /* OUT */) const
     {
+      // TODO(grieger): optimize similar to collect_unicodes
+      // (ie. use add_range())
       unsigned count = this->segCount;
       if (count && this->startCount[count - 1] == 0xFFFFu)
 	count--; /* Skip sentinel segment. */
@@ -620,7 +636,7 @@ struct CmapSubtableTrimmed
   {
     /* Rely on our implicit array bound-checking. */
     hb_codepoint_t gid = glyphIdArray[codepoint - startCharCode];
-    if (!gid)
+    if (unlikely (!gid))
       return false;
     *glyph = gid;
     return true;
@@ -674,7 +690,7 @@ struct CmapSubtableTrimmed
 };
 
 struct CmapSubtableFormat6  : CmapSubtableTrimmed<HBUINT16> {};
-struct CmapSubtableFormat10 : CmapSubtableTrimmed<HBUINT32 > {};
+struct CmapSubtableFormat10 : CmapSubtableTrimmed<HBUINT32> {};
 
 template <typename T>
 struct CmapSubtableLongSegmented
@@ -684,7 +700,7 @@ struct CmapSubtableLongSegmented
   bool get_glyph (hb_codepoint_t codepoint, hb_codepoint_t *glyph) const
   {
     hb_codepoint_t gid = T::group_get_glyph (groups.bsearch (codepoint), codepoint);
-    if (!gid)
+    if (unlikely (!gid))
       return false;
     *glyph = gid;
     return true;
@@ -722,11 +738,19 @@ struct CmapSubtableLongSegmented
 			hb_map_t *mapping, /* OUT */
 			unsigned num_glyphs) const
   {
+    hb_codepoint_t last_end = 0;
     for (unsigned i = 0; i < this->groups.len; i++)
     {
       hb_codepoint_t start = this->groups[i].startCharCode;
       hb_codepoint_t end = hb_min ((hb_codepoint_t) this->groups[i].endCharCode,
 				   (hb_codepoint_t) HB_UNICODE_MAX);
+      if (unlikely (start > end || start < last_end)) {
+        // Range is not in order and is invalid, skip it.
+        continue;
+      }
+      last_end = end;
+
+
       hb_codepoint_t gid = this->groups[i].glyphID;
       if (!gid)
       {
@@ -778,16 +802,16 @@ struct CmapSubtableFormat12 : CmapSubtableLongSegmented<CmapSubtableFormat12>
   void serialize (hb_serialize_context_t *c,
 		  Iterator it)
   {
-    if (it.len () == 0) return;
+    if (!it) return;
     unsigned table_initpos = c->length ();
     if (unlikely (!c->extend_min (this))) return;
 
-    hb_codepoint_t startCharCode = 0xFFFF, endCharCode = 0xFFFF;
+    hb_codepoint_t startCharCode = (hb_codepoint_t) -1, endCharCode = (hb_codepoint_t) -1;
     hb_codepoint_t glyphID = 0;
 
     for (const auto& _ : +it)
     {
-      if (startCharCode == 0xFFFF)
+      if (startCharCode == (hb_codepoint_t) -1)
       {
 	startCharCode = _.first;
 	endCharCode = _.first;
@@ -818,7 +842,7 @@ struct CmapSubtableFormat12 : CmapSubtableLongSegmented<CmapSubtableFormat12>
     this->format = 12;
     this->reserved = 0;
     this->length = c->length () - table_initpos;
-    this->groups.len = (this->length - min_size)/CmapSubtableLongGroup::static_size;
+    this->groups.len = (this->length - min_size) / CmapSubtableLongGroup::static_size;
   }
 
   static size_t get_sub_table_size (const hb_sorted_vector_t<CmapSubtableLongGroup> &groups_data)
@@ -1448,6 +1472,37 @@ struct EncodingRecord
   DEFINE_SIZE_STATIC (8);
 };
 
+struct SubtableUnicodesCache {
+
+ private:
+  const void* base;
+  hb_hashmap_t<intptr_t, hb_set_t*> cached_unicodes;
+
+ public:
+  SubtableUnicodesCache(const void* cmap_base)
+      : base(cmap_base), cached_unicodes() {}
+  ~SubtableUnicodesCache()
+  {
+    for (hb_set_t* s : cached_unicodes.values()) {
+      hb_set_destroy (s);
+    }
+  }
+
+  hb_set_t* set_for(const EncodingRecord* record)
+  {
+    if (!cached_unicodes.has ((intptr_t) record)) {
+      hb_set_t* new_set = hb_set_create ();
+      if (!cached_unicodes.set ((intptr_t) record, new_set)) {
+        hb_set_destroy (new_set);
+        return hb_set_get_empty ();
+      }
+      (base+record->subtable).collect_unicodes (cached_unicodes.get ((intptr_t) record));
+    }
+    return cached_unicodes.get ((intptr_t) record);
+  }
+
+};
+
 struct cmap
 {
   static constexpr hb_tag_t tableTag = HB_OT_TAG_cmap;
@@ -1467,6 +1522,7 @@ struct cmap
     unsigned format4objidx = 0, format12objidx = 0, format14objidx = 0;
     auto snap = c->snapshot ();
 
+    SubtableUnicodesCache unicodes_cache (base);
     for (const EncodingRecord& _ : encodingrec_iter)
     {
       if (c->in_error ())
@@ -1475,12 +1531,11 @@ struct cmap
       unsigned format = (base+_.subtable).u.format;
       if (format != 4 && format != 12 && format != 14) continue;
 
-      hb_set_t unicodes_set;
-      (base+_.subtable).collect_unicodes (&unicodes_set);
+      hb_set_t* unicodes_set = unicodes_cache.set_for (&_);
 
       if (!drop_format_4 && format == 4)
       {
-        c->copy (_, + it | hb_filter (unicodes_set, hb_first), 4u, base, plan, &format4objidx);
+        c->copy (_, + it | hb_filter (*unicodes_set, hb_first), 4u, base, plan, &format4objidx);
         if (c->in_error () && c->only_overflow ())
         {
           // cmap4 overflowed, reset and retry serialization without format 4 subtables.
@@ -1495,8 +1550,8 @@ struct cmap
 
       else if (format == 12)
       {
-        if (_can_drop (_, unicodes_set, base, + it | hb_map (hb_first), encodingrec_iter)) continue;
-        c->copy (_, + it | hb_filter (unicodes_set, hb_first), 12u, base, plan, &format12objidx);
+        if (_can_drop (_, *unicodes_set, base, unicodes_cache, + it | hb_map (hb_first), encodingrec_iter)) continue;
+        c->copy (_, + it | hb_filter (*unicodes_set, hb_first), 12u, base, plan, &format12objidx);
       }
       else if (format == 14) c->copy (_, it, 14u, base, plan, &format14objidx);
     }
@@ -1514,6 +1569,7 @@ struct cmap
   bool _can_drop (const EncodingRecord& cmap12,
                   const hb_set_t& cmap12_unicodes,
                   const void* base,
+                  SubtableUnicodesCache& unicodes_cache,
                   Iterator subset_unicodes,
                   EncodingRecordIterator encoding_records)
   {
@@ -1544,11 +1600,10 @@ struct cmap
           || (base+_.subtable).get_language() != target_language)
         continue;
 
-      hb_set_t sibling_unicodes;
-      (base+_.subtable).collect_unicodes (&sibling_unicodes);
+      hb_set_t* sibling_unicodes = unicodes_cache.set_for (&_);
 
       auto cmap12 = + subset_unicodes | hb_filter (cmap12_unicodes);
-      auto sibling = + subset_unicodes | hb_filter (sibling_unicodes);
+      auto sibling = + subset_unicodes | hb_filter (*sibling_unicodes);
       for (; cmap12 && sibling; cmap12++, sibling++)
       {
         unsigned a = *cmap12;
@@ -1616,13 +1671,7 @@ struct cmap
     if (unlikely (has_format12 && (!unicode_ucs4 && !ms_ucs4))) return_trace (false);
 
     auto it =
-    + hb_iter (c->plan->unicodes)
-    | hb_map ([&] (hb_codepoint_t _)
-	      {
-		hb_codepoint_t new_gid = HB_MAP_VALUE_INVALID;
-		c->plan->new_gid_for_codepoint (_, &new_gid);
-		return hb_pair_t<hb_codepoint_t, hb_codepoint_t> (_, new_gid);
-	      })
+    + c->plan->unicode_to_new_gid_list.iter ()
     | hb_filter ([&] (const hb_pair_t<hb_codepoint_t, hb_codepoint_t> _)
 		 { return (_.second != HB_MAP_VALUE_INVALID); })
     ;
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-color-cpal-table.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-color-cpal-table.hh
index a9deeba9a7..24476eda17 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-color-cpal-table.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-color-cpal-table.hh
@@ -197,30 +197,38 @@ struct CPAL
 
   public:
   bool serialize (hb_serialize_context_t *c,
-                  const hb_array_t<const BGRAColor> &color_records,
                   const hb_array_t<const HBUINT16> &color_record_indices,
-                  const hb_map_t &color_record_index_map,
-                  const hb_set_t &retained_color_record_indices) const
+                  const hb_array_t<const BGRAColor> &color_records,
+                  const hb_vector_t<unsigned>& first_color_index_for_layer,
+                  const hb_map_t& first_color_to_layer_index,
+                  const hb_set_t &retained_color_indices) const
   {
     TRACE_SERIALIZE (this);
 
+    // TODO(grieger): limit total final size.
+
     for (const auto idx : color_record_indices)
     {
+      hb_codepoint_t layer_index = first_color_to_layer_index[idx];
+
       HBUINT16 new_idx;
-      if (idx == 0) new_idx = 0;
-      else new_idx = color_record_index_map.get (idx);
+      new_idx = layer_index * retained_color_indices.get_population ();
       if (!c->copy<HBUINT16> (new_idx)) return_trace (false);
     }
 
     c->push ();
-    for (const auto _ : retained_color_record_indices.iter ())
+    for (unsigned first_color_index : first_color_index_for_layer)
     {
-      if (!c->copy<BGRAColor> (color_records[_]))
+      for (hb_codepoint_t color_index : retained_color_indices)
       {
-        c->pop_discard ();
-        return_trace (false);
+        if (!c->copy<BGRAColor> (color_records[first_color_index + color_index]))
+        {
+          c->pop_discard ();
+          return_trace (false);
+        }
       }
     }
+
     c->add_link (colorRecordsZ, c->pop_pack ());
     return_trace (true);
   }
@@ -228,6 +236,8 @@ struct CPAL
   bool subset (hb_subset_context_t *c) const
   {
     TRACE_SUBSET (this);
+    if (!numPalettes) return_trace (false);
+
     const hb_map_t *color_index_map = c->plan->colr_palettes;
     if (color_index_map->is_empty ()) return_trace (false);
 
@@ -242,30 +252,34 @@ struct CPAL
     auto *out = c->serializer->start_embed (*this);
     if (unlikely (!c->serializer->extend_min (out))) return_trace (false);
 
+
     out->version = version;
     out->numColors = retained_color_indices.get_population ();
     out->numPalettes = numPalettes;
 
-    const hb_array_t<const HBUINT16> colorRecordIndices = colorRecordIndicesZ.as_array (numPalettes);
-    hb_map_t color_record_index_map;
-    hb_set_t retained_color_record_indices;
+    hb_vector_t<unsigned> first_color_index_for_layer;
+    hb_map_t first_color_to_layer_index;
 
-    unsigned record_count = 0;
+    const hb_array_t<const HBUINT16> colorRecordIndices = colorRecordIndicesZ.as_array (numPalettes);
     for (const auto first_color_record_idx : colorRecordIndices)
     {
-      for (unsigned retained_color_idx : retained_color_indices.iter ())
-      {
-        unsigned color_record_idx = first_color_record_idx + retained_color_idx;
-        if (color_record_index_map.has (color_record_idx)) continue;
-        color_record_index_map.set (color_record_idx, record_count);
-        retained_color_record_indices.add (color_record_idx);
-        record_count++;
-      }
+      if (first_color_to_layer_index.has (first_color_record_idx)) continue;
+
+      first_color_index_for_layer.push (first_color_record_idx);
+      first_color_to_layer_index.set (first_color_record_idx,
+                                      first_color_index_for_layer.length - 1);
     }
 
-    out->numColorRecords = record_count;
+    out->numColorRecords = first_color_index_for_layer.length
+                           * retained_color_indices.get_population ();
+
     const hb_array_t<const BGRAColor> color_records = (this+colorRecordsZ).as_array (numColorRecords);
-    if (!out->serialize (c->serializer, color_records, colorRecordIndices, color_record_index_map, retained_color_record_indices))
+    if (!out->serialize (c->serializer,
+                         colorRecordIndices,
+                         color_records,
+                         first_color_index_for_layer,
+                         first_color_to_layer_index,
+                         retained_color_indices))
       return_trace (false);
 
     if (version == 1)
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-glyf-table.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-glyf-table.hh
index b4ac688344..866bb7e04c 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-glyf-table.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-glyf-table.hh
@@ -953,6 +953,8 @@ struct glyf
       glyf_table.destroy ();
     }
 
+    bool has_data () const { return num_glyphs; }
+
     protected:
     template<typename T>
     bool get_points (hb_font_t *font, hb_codepoint_t gid, T consumer) const
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-layout-common.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-layout-common.hh
index f2a58028e3..b644df708d 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-layout-common.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-layout-common.hh
@@ -91,12 +91,12 @@ template<typename Iterator>
 static inline void ClassDef_serialize (hb_serialize_context_t *c,
 				       Iterator it);
 
-static void ClassDef_remap_and_serialize (hb_serialize_context_t *c,
-					  const hb_map_t &gid_klass_map,
-					  hb_sorted_vector_t<HBGlyphID16> &glyphs,
-					  const hb_set_t &klasses,
-					  bool use_class_zero,
-					  hb_map_t *klass_map /*INOUT*/);
+static void ClassDef_remap_and_serialize (
+    hb_serialize_context_t *c,
+    const hb_set_t &klasses,
+    bool use_class_zero,
+    hb_sorted_vector_t<hb_pair_t<hb_codepoint_t, hb_codepoint_t>> &glyph_and_klass, /* IN/OUT */
+    hb_map_t *klass_map /*IN/OUT*/);
 
 
 struct hb_prune_langsys_context_t
@@ -1470,7 +1470,8 @@ struct CoverageFormat1
     void next () { i++; }
     hb_codepoint_t get_glyph () const { return c->glyphArray[i]; }
     bool operator != (const iter_t& o) const
-    { return i != o.i || c != o.c; }
+    { return i != o.i; }
+    iter_t __end__ () const { iter_t it; it.init (*c); it.i = c->glyphArray.len; return it; }
 
     private:
     const struct CoverageFormat1 *c;
@@ -1506,12 +1507,6 @@ struct CoverageFormat2
     TRACE_SERIALIZE (this);
     if (unlikely (!c->extend_min (this))) return_trace (false);
 
-    if (unlikely (!glyphs))
-    {
-      rangeRecord.len = 0;
-      return_trace (true);
-    }
-
     /* TODO(iter) Write more efficiently? */
 
     unsigned num_ranges = 0;
@@ -1524,6 +1519,7 @@ struct CoverageFormat2
     }
 
     if (unlikely (!rangeRecord.serialize (c, num_ranges))) return_trace (false);
+    if (!num_ranges) return_trace (true);
 
     unsigned count = 0;
     unsigned range = (unsigned) -1;
@@ -1552,25 +1548,26 @@ struct CoverageFormat2
 
   bool intersects (const hb_set_t *glyphs) const
   {
-    /* TODO Speed up, using hb_set_next() and bsearch()? */
-    /* TODO(iter) Rewrite as dagger. */
-    for (const auto& range : rangeRecord.as_array ())
-      if (range.intersects (glyphs))
-	return true;
-    return false;
+    return hb_any (+ hb_iter (rangeRecord.as_array ())
+		   | hb_map ([glyphs] (const RangeRecord &range) { return range.intersects (glyphs); }));
   }
   bool intersects_coverage (const hb_set_t *glyphs, unsigned int index) const
   {
-    /* TODO(iter) Rewrite as dagger. */
-    for (const auto& range : rangeRecord.as_array ())
+    auto cmp = [] (const void *pk, const void *pr) -> int
     {
-      if (range.value <= index &&
-	  index < (unsigned int) range.value + (range.last - range.first) &&
-	  range.intersects (glyphs))
-	return true;
-      else if (index < range.value)
-	return false;
-    }
+      unsigned index = * (const unsigned *) pk;
+      const RangeRecord &range = * (const RangeRecord *) pr;
+      if (index < range.value) return -1;
+      if (index > (unsigned int) range.value + (range.last - range.first)) return +1;
+      return 0;
+    };
+
+    auto arr = rangeRecord.as_array ();
+    unsigned idx;
+    if (hb_bsearch_impl (&idx, index,
+			 arr.arrayZ, arr.length, sizeof (arr[0]),
+			 (int (*)(const void *_key, const void *_item)) cmp))
+      return arr.arrayZ[idx].intersects (glyphs);
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -1579,8 +1576,10 @@ struct CoverageFormat2
     for (const auto& range : rangeRecord.as_array ())
     {
       if (!range.intersects (glyphs)) continue;
-      for (hb_codepoint_t g = range.first; g <= range.last; g++)
-        if (glyphs->has (g)) intersect_glyphs->add (g);
+      unsigned last = range.last;
+      for (hb_codepoint_t g = range.first - 1;
+	   glyphs->next (&g) && g <= last;)
+        intersect_glyphs->add (g);
     }
   }
 
@@ -1632,6 +1631,8 @@ struct CoverageFormat2
 	   return;
 	  }
 	}
+	else
+	  j = 0;
 	return;
       }
       coverage++;
@@ -1639,7 +1640,15 @@ struct CoverageFormat2
     }
     hb_codepoint_t get_glyph () const { return j; }
     bool operator != (const iter_t& o) const
-    { return i != o.i || j != o.j || c != o.c; }
+    { return i != o.i || j != o.j; }
+    iter_t __end__ () const
+    {
+      iter_t it;
+      it.init (*c);
+      it.i = c->rangeRecord.len;
+      it.j = 0;
+      return it;
+    }
 
     private:
     const struct CoverageFormat2 *c;
@@ -1708,18 +1717,17 @@ struct Coverage
   bool subset (hb_subset_context_t *c) const
   {
     TRACE_SUBSET (this);
-    const hb_set_t &glyphset = *c->plan->glyphset_gsub ();
-    const hb_map_t &glyph_map = *c->plan->glyph_map;
-
     auto it =
     + iter ()
-    | hb_filter (glyphset)
-    | hb_map_retains_sorting (glyph_map)
+    | hb_filter (c->plan->glyph_map_gsub)
+    | hb_map_retains_sorting (c->plan->glyph_map_gsub)
     ;
 
-    bool ret = bool (it);
-    Coverage_serialize (c->serializer, it);
-    return_trace (ret);
+    // Cache the iterator result as it will be iterated multiple times
+    // by the serialize code below.
+    hb_sorted_vector_t<hb_codepoint_t> glyphs (it);
+    Coverage_serialize (c->serializer, glyphs.iter ());
+    return_trace (bool (glyphs));
   }
 
   bool sanitize (hb_sanitize_context_t *c) const
@@ -1822,7 +1830,7 @@ struct Coverage
     }
     bool operator != (const iter_t& o) const
     {
-      if (format != o.format) return true;
+      if (unlikely (format != o.format)) return true;
       switch (format)
       {
       case 1: return u.format1 != o.u.format1;
@@ -1830,6 +1838,18 @@ struct Coverage
       default:return false;
       }
     }
+    iter_t __end__ () const
+    {
+      iter_t it = {};
+      it.format = format;
+      switch (format)
+      {
+      case 1: it.u.format1 = u.format1.__end__ (); break;
+      case 2: it.u.format2 = u.format2.__end__ (); break;
+      default: break;
+      }
+      return it;
+    }
 
     private:
     unsigned int format;
@@ -1857,16 +1877,14 @@ Coverage_serialize (hb_serialize_context_t *c,
 { c->start_embed<Coverage> ()->serialize (c, it); }
 
 static void ClassDef_remap_and_serialize (hb_serialize_context_t *c,
-					  const hb_map_t &gid_klass_map,
-					  hb_sorted_vector_t<HBGlyphID16> &glyphs,
 					  const hb_set_t &klasses,
                                           bool use_class_zero,
-					  hb_map_t *klass_map /*INOUT*/)
+                                          hb_sorted_vector_t<hb_pair_t<hb_codepoint_t, hb_codepoint_t>> &glyph_and_klass, /* IN/OUT */
+					  hb_map_t *klass_map /*IN/OUT*/)
 {
   if (!klass_map)
   {
-    ClassDef_serialize (c, hb_zip (glyphs.iter (), + glyphs.iter ()
-						   | hb_map (gid_klass_map)));
+    ClassDef_serialize (c, glyph_and_klass.iter ());
     return;
   }
 
@@ -1883,17 +1901,15 @@ static void ClassDef_remap_and_serialize (hb_serialize_context_t *c,
     idx++;
   }
 
-  auto it =
-  + glyphs.iter ()
-  | hb_map_retains_sorting ([&] (const HBGlyphID16& gid) -> hb_pair_t<hb_codepoint_t, unsigned>
-			    {
-			      unsigned new_klass = klass_map->get (gid_klass_map[gid]);
-			      return hb_pair ((hb_codepoint_t)gid, new_klass);
-			    })
-  ;
 
-  c->propagate_error (glyphs, klasses);
-  ClassDef_serialize (c, it);
+  for (unsigned i = 0; i < glyph_and_klass.length; i++)
+  {
+    hb_codepoint_t klass = glyph_and_klass[i].second;
+    glyph_and_klass[i].second = klass_map->get (klass);
+  }
+
+  c->propagate_error (glyph_and_klass, klasses);
+  ClassDef_serialize (c, glyph_and_klass.iter ());
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1949,36 +1965,37 @@ struct ClassDefFormat1
                const Coverage* glyph_filter = nullptr) const
   {
     TRACE_SUBSET (this);
-    const hb_set_t &glyphset = *c->plan->glyphset_gsub ();
-    const hb_map_t &glyph_map = *c->plan->glyph_map;
+    const hb_map_t &glyph_map = *c->plan->glyph_map_gsub;
 
-    hb_sorted_vector_t<HBGlyphID16> glyphs;
+    hb_sorted_vector_t<hb_pair_t<hb_codepoint_t, hb_codepoint_t>> glyph_and_klass;
     hb_set_t orig_klasses;
-    hb_map_t gid_org_klass_map;
 
     hb_codepoint_t start = startGlyph;
     hb_codepoint_t end   = start + classValue.len;
 
-    for (const hb_codepoint_t gid : + hb_range (start, end)
-                                    | hb_filter (glyphset))
+    for (const hb_codepoint_t gid : + hb_range (start, end))
     {
+      hb_codepoint_t new_gid = glyph_map[gid];
+      if (new_gid == HB_MAP_VALUE_INVALID) continue;
       if (glyph_filter && !glyph_filter->has(gid)) continue;
 
       unsigned klass = classValue[gid - start];
       if (!klass) continue;
 
-      glyphs.push (glyph_map[gid]);
-      gid_org_klass_map.set (glyph_map[gid], klass);
+      glyph_and_klass.push (hb_pair (new_gid, klass));
       orig_klasses.add (klass);
     }
 
     unsigned glyph_count = glyph_filter
-                           ? hb_len (hb_iter (glyphset) | hb_filter (glyph_filter))
-                           : glyphset.get_population ();
-    use_class_zero = use_class_zero && glyph_count <= gid_org_klass_map.get_population ();
-    ClassDef_remap_and_serialize (c->serializer, gid_org_klass_map,
-				  glyphs, orig_klasses, use_class_zero, klass_map);
-    return_trace (keep_empty_table || (bool) glyphs);
+                           ? hb_len (hb_iter (glyph_map.keys()) | hb_filter (glyph_filter))
+                           : glyph_map.get_population ();
+    use_class_zero = use_class_zero && glyph_count <= glyph_and_klass.length;
+    ClassDef_remap_and_serialize (c->serializer,
+                                  orig_klasses,
+                                  use_class_zero,
+                                  glyph_and_klass,
+                                  klass_map);
+    return_trace (keep_empty_table || (bool) glyph_and_klass);
   }
 
   bool sanitize (hb_sanitize_context_t *c) const
@@ -2044,10 +2061,9 @@ struct ClassDefFormat1
     }
     /* TODO Speed up, using set overlap first? */
     /* TODO(iter) Rewrite as dagger. */
-    HBUINT16 k {klass};
     const HBUINT16 *arr = classValue.arrayZ;
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++)
-      if (arr[i] == k && glyphs->has (startGlyph + i))
+      if (arr[i] == klass && glyphs->has (startGlyph + i))
 	return true;
     return false;
   }
@@ -2057,17 +2073,32 @@ struct ClassDefFormat1
     unsigned count = classValue.len;
     if (klass == 0)
     {
-      hb_codepoint_t endGlyph = startGlyph + count -1;
-      for (hb_codepoint_t g : glyphs->iter ())
-        if (g < startGlyph || g > endGlyph)
-          intersect_glyphs->add (g);
+      unsigned start_glyph = startGlyph;
+      for (unsigned g = HB_SET_VALUE_INVALID;
+	   hb_set_next (glyphs, &g) && g < start_glyph;)
+	intersect_glyphs->add (g);
+
+      for (unsigned g = startGlyph + count - 1;
+	   hb_set_next (glyphs, &g);)
+	intersect_glyphs->add (g);
 
       return;
     }
 
     for (unsigned i = 0; i < count; i++)
       if (classValue[i] == klass && glyphs->has (startGlyph + i))
-        intersect_glyphs->add (startGlyph + i);
+	intersect_glyphs->add (startGlyph + i);
+
+#if 0
+    /* The following implementation is faster asymptotically, but slower
+     * in practice. */
+    unsigned start_glyph = startGlyph;
+    unsigned end_glyph = start_glyph + count;
+    for (unsigned g = startGlyph - 1;
+	 hb_set_next (glyphs, &g) && g < end_glyph;)
+      if (classValue.arrayZ[g - start_glyph] == klass)
+        intersect_glyphs->add (g);
+#endif
   }
 
   void intersected_classes (const hb_set_t *glyphs, hb_set_t *intersect_classes) const
@@ -2167,12 +2198,10 @@ struct ClassDefFormat2
                const Coverage* glyph_filter = nullptr) const
   {
     TRACE_SUBSET (this);
-    const hb_set_t &glyphset = *c->plan->glyphset_gsub ();
-    const hb_map_t &glyph_map = *c->plan->glyph_map;
+    const hb_map_t &glyph_map = *c->plan->glyph_map_gsub;
 
-    hb_sorted_vector_t<HBGlyphID16> glyphs;
+    hb_sorted_vector_t<hb_pair_t<hb_codepoint_t, hb_codepoint_t>> glyph_and_klass;
     hb_set_t orig_klasses;
-    hb_map_t gid_org_klass_map;
 
     unsigned count = rangeRecord.len;
     for (unsigned i = 0; i < count; i++)
@@ -2183,21 +2212,26 @@ struct ClassDefFormat2
       hb_codepoint_t end   = rangeRecord[i].last + 1;
       for (hb_codepoint_t g = start; g < end; g++)
       {
-	if (!glyphset.has (g)) continue;
+        hb_codepoint_t new_gid = glyph_map[g];
+	if (new_gid == HB_MAP_VALUE_INVALID) continue;
         if (glyph_filter && !glyph_filter->has (g)) continue;
-	glyphs.push (glyph_map[g]);
-	gid_org_klass_map.set (glyph_map[g], klass);
+
+	glyph_and_klass.push (hb_pair (new_gid, klass));
 	orig_klasses.add (klass);
       }
     }
 
+    const hb_set_t& glyphset = *c->plan->glyphset_gsub ();
     unsigned glyph_count = glyph_filter
                            ? hb_len (hb_iter (glyphset) | hb_filter (glyph_filter))
-                           : glyphset.get_population ();
-    use_class_zero = use_class_zero && glyph_count <= gid_org_klass_map.get_population ();
-    ClassDef_remap_and_serialize (c->serializer, gid_org_klass_map,
-				  glyphs, orig_klasses, use_class_zero, klass_map);
-    return_trace (keep_empty_table || (bool) glyphs);
+                           : glyph_map.get_population ();
+    use_class_zero = use_class_zero && glyph_count <= glyph_and_klass.length;
+    ClassDef_remap_and_serialize (c->serializer,
+                                  orig_klasses,
+                                  use_class_zero,
+                                  glyph_and_klass,
+                                  klass_map);
+    return_trace (keep_empty_table || (bool) glyph_and_klass);
   }
 
   bool sanitize (hb_sanitize_context_t *c) const
@@ -2263,10 +2297,9 @@ struct ClassDefFormat2
     }
     /* TODO Speed up, using set overlap first? */
     /* TODO(iter) Rewrite as dagger. */
-    HBUINT16 k {klass};
     const RangeRecord *arr = rangeRecord.arrayZ;
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++)
-      if (arr[i].value == k && arr[i].intersects (glyphs))
+      if (arr[i].value == klass && arr[i].intersects (glyphs))
 	return true;
     return false;
   }
@@ -2279,43 +2312,44 @@ struct ClassDefFormat2
       hb_codepoint_t g = HB_SET_VALUE_INVALID;
       for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++)
       {
-        if (!hb_set_next (glyphs, &g))
-          break;
-        while (g != HB_SET_VALUE_INVALID && g < rangeRecord[i].first)
-        {
-          intersect_glyphs->add (g);
-          hb_set_next (glyphs, &g);
+	if (!hb_set_next (glyphs, &g))
+	  goto done;
+	while (g < rangeRecord[i].first)
+	{
+	  intersect_glyphs->add (g);
+	  if (!hb_set_next (glyphs, &g))
+	    goto done;
         }
         g = rangeRecord[i].last;
       }
-      while (g != HB_SET_VALUE_INVALID && hb_set_next (glyphs, &g))
-        intersect_glyphs->add (g);
+      while (hb_set_next (glyphs, &g))
+	intersect_glyphs->add (g);
+      done:
 
       return;
     }
 
-    hb_codepoint_t g = HB_SET_VALUE_INVALID;
+#if 0
+    /* The following implementation is faster asymptotically, but slower
+     * in practice. */
+    if ((count >> 3) > glyphs->get_population ())
+    {
+      for (hb_codepoint_t g = HB_SET_VALUE_INVALID;
+	   hb_set_next (glyphs, &g);)
+        if (rangeRecord.as_array ().bfind (g))
+	  intersect_glyphs->add (g);
+      return;
+    }
+#endif
+
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++)
     {
       if (rangeRecord[i].value != klass) continue;
 
-      if (g != HB_SET_VALUE_INVALID)
-      {
-        if (g >= rangeRecord[i].first &&
-            g <= rangeRecord[i].last)
-          intersect_glyphs->add (g);
-        if (g > rangeRecord[i].last)
-          continue;
-      }
-
-      g = rangeRecord[i].first - 1;
-      while (hb_set_next (glyphs, &g))
-      {
-        if (g >= rangeRecord[i].first && g <= rangeRecord[i].last)
-          intersect_glyphs->add (g);
-        else if (g > rangeRecord[i].last)
-          break;
-      }
+      unsigned end = rangeRecord[i].last + 1;
+      for (hb_codepoint_t g = rangeRecord[i].first - 1;
+	   hb_set_next (glyphs, &g) && g < end;)
+	intersect_glyphs->add (g);
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-layout-gsubgpos.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-layout-gsubgpos.hh
index 56e8c5b006..c9750ff63b 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-layout-gsubgpos.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-layout-gsubgpos.hh
@@ -1328,7 +1328,7 @@ static void context_closure_recurse_lookups (hb_closure_context_t *c,
     bool has_pos_glyphs = false;
     hb_set_t pos_glyphs;
 
-    if (hb_set_is_empty (covered_seq_indicies) || !hb_set_has (covered_seq_indicies, seqIndex))
+    if (!hb_set_has (covered_seq_indicies, seqIndex))
     {
       has_pos_glyphs = true;
       if (seqIndex == 0)
@@ -1361,7 +1361,7 @@ static void context_closure_recurse_lookups (hb_closure_context_t *c,
 
     covered_seq_indicies->add (seqIndex);
     if (has_pos_glyphs) {
-      c->push_cur_active_glyphs () = pos_glyphs;
+      c->push_cur_active_glyphs () = std::move (pos_glyphs);
     } else {
       c->push_cur_active_glyphs ().set (*c->glyphs);
     }
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-shape-complex-use-table.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-shape-complex-use-table.hh
index ea627cd27e..c8e5151694 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-shape-complex-use-table.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-shape-complex-use-table.hh
@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ static const uint8_t use_table[] = {
   /* 10A00 */     B,  VBlw,  VBlw,  VBlw,    WJ,  VAbv,  VBlw,    WJ,    WJ,    WJ,    WJ,    WJ,  VPst, VMBlw, VMBlw, VMAbv,
   /* 10A10 */     B,     B,     B,     B,    WJ,     B,     B,     B,    WJ,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,
   /* 10A20 */     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,
-  /* 10A30 */     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,    WJ,    WJ, CMAbv, CMBlw, CMBlw,    WJ,    WJ,    WJ,    WJ,    IS,
+  /* 10A30 */     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,    WJ,    WJ, CMBlw, CMBlw, CMBlw,    WJ,    WJ,    WJ,    WJ,    IS,
   /* 10A40 */     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,     B,    WJ,    WJ,    WJ,    WJ,    WJ,    WJ,    WJ,
 
 #define use_offset_0x10ac0u 4304
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-tag-table.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-tag-table.hh
index 5261783277..b242fba2d8 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-tag-table.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-tag-table.hh
@@ -13,1610 +13,1613 @@
 #ifndef HB_OT_TAG_TABLE_HH
 #define HB_OT_TAG_TABLE_HH
 
-static const LangTag ot_languages[] = {
-  {"aa",	HB_TAG('A','F','R',' ')},	/* Afar */
-  {"aae",	HB_TAG('S','Q','I',' ')},	/* Arbëreshë Albanian -> Albanian */
-  {"aao",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Algerian Saharan Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"aat",	HB_TAG('S','Q','I',' ')},	/* Arvanitika Albanian -> Albanian */
-  {"ab",	HB_TAG('A','B','K',' ')},	/* Abkhazian */
-  {"aba",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Abé != Abaza */
-  {"abh",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Tajiki Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"abq",	HB_TAG('A','B','A',' ')},	/* Abaza */
-  {"abs",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Ambonese Malay -> Creoles */
-  {"abv",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Baharna Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"acf",	HB_TAG('F','A','N',' ')},	/* Saint Lucian Creole French -> French Antillean */
-  {"acf",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Saint Lucian Creole French -> Creoles */
-/*{"ach",	HB_TAG('A','C','H',' ')},*/	/* Acoli -> Acholi */
-  {"acm",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Mesopotamian Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"acq",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Ta'izzi-Adeni Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"acr",	HB_TAG('A','C','R',' ')},	/* Achi */
-  {"acr",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Achi -> Mayan */
-  {"acw",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Hijazi Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"acx",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Omani Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"acy",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Cypriot Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"ada",	HB_TAG('D','N','G',' ')},	/* Adangme -> Dangme */
-  {"adf",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Dhofari Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"adp",	HB_TAG('D','Z','N',' ')},	/* Adap (retired code) -> Dzongkha */
-/*{"ady",	HB_TAG('A','D','Y',' ')},*/	/* Adyghe */
-  {"aeb",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Tunisian Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"aec",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Saidi Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"af",	HB_TAG('A','F','K',' ')},	/* Afrikaans */
-  {"afb",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Gulf Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"afk",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Nanubae != Afrikaans */
-  {"afs",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Afro-Seminole Creole -> Creoles */
-  {"agu",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Aguacateco -> Mayan */
-  {"agw",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kahua != Agaw */
-  {"ahg",	HB_TAG('A','G','W',' ')},	/* Qimant -> Agaw */
-  {"aht",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Ahtena -> Athapaskan */
-  {"aig",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Antigua and Barbuda Creole English -> Creoles */
-  {"aii",	HB_TAG('S','W','A',' ')},	/* Assyrian Neo-Aramaic -> Swadaya Aramaic */
-  {"aii",	HB_TAG('S','Y','R',' ')},	/* Assyrian Neo-Aramaic -> Syriac */
-/*{"aio",	HB_TAG('A','I','O',' ')},*/	/* Aiton */
-  {"aiw",	HB_TAG('A','R','I',' ')},	/* Aari */
-  {"ajp",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* South Levantine Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"ajt",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Judeo-Tunisian Arabic (retired code) -> Arabic */
-  {"ak",	HB_TAG('A','K','A',' ')},	/* Akan [macrolanguage] */
-  {"akb",	HB_TAG('A','K','B',' ')},	/* Batak Angkola */
-  {"akb",	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},	/* Batak Angkola -> Batak */
-  {"aln",	HB_TAG('S','Q','I',' ')},	/* Gheg Albanian -> Albanian */
-  {"als",	HB_TAG('S','Q','I',' ')},	/* Tosk Albanian -> Albanian */
-/*{"alt",	HB_TAG('A','L','T',' ')},*/	/* Southern Altai -> Altai */
-  {"am",	HB_TAG('A','M','H',' ')},	/* Amharic */
-  {"amf",	HB_TAG('H','B','N',' ')},	/* Hamer-Banna -> Hammer-Banna */
-  {"amw",	HB_TAG('S','Y','R',' ')},	/* Western Neo-Aramaic -> Syriac */
-  {"an",	HB_TAG('A','R','G',' ')},	/* Aragonese */
-/*{"ang",	HB_TAG('A','N','G',' ')},*/	/* Old English (ca. 450-1100) -> Anglo-Saxon */
-  {"aoa",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Angolar -> Creoles */
-  {"apa",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Apache [collection] -> Athapaskan */
-  {"apc",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* North Levantine Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"apd",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Sudanese Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"apj",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Jicarilla Apache -> Athapaskan */
-  {"apk",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Kiowa Apache -> Athapaskan */
-  {"apl",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Lipan Apache -> Athapaskan */
-  {"apm",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Mescalero-Chiricahua Apache -> Athapaskan */
-  {"apw",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Western Apache -> Athapaskan */
-  {"ar",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Arabic [macrolanguage] */
-  {"arb",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Standard Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"ari",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Arikara != Aari */
-  {"ark",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Arikapú != Rakhine */
-  {"arn",	HB_TAG('M','A','P',' ')},	/* Mapudungun */
-  {"arq",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Algerian Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"ars",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Najdi Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"ary",	HB_TAG('M','O','R',' ')},	/* Moroccan Arabic -> Moroccan */
-  {"ary",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Moroccan Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"arz",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Egyptian Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"as",	HB_TAG('A','S','M',' ')},	/* Assamese */
-/*{"ast",	HB_TAG('A','S','T',' ')},*/	/* Asturian */
-/*{"ath",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},*/	/* Athapascan [collection] -> Athapaskan */
-  {"atj",	HB_TAG('R','C','R',' ')},	/* Atikamekw -> R-Cree */
-  {"atv",	HB_TAG('A','L','T',' ')},	/* Northern Altai -> Altai */
-  {"auj",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Awjilah -> Berber */
-  {"auz",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Uzbeki Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"av",	HB_TAG('A','V','R',' ')},	/* Avaric -> Avar */
-  {"avl",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Eastern Egyptian Bedawi Arabic -> Arabic */
-/*{"avn",	HB_TAG('A','V','N',' ')},*/	/* Avatime */
-/*{"awa",	HB_TAG('A','W','A',' ')},*/	/* Awadhi */
-  {"ay",	HB_TAG('A','Y','M',' ')},	/* Aymara [macrolanguage] */
-  {"ayc",	HB_TAG('A','Y','M',' ')},	/* Southern Aymara -> Aymara */
-  {"ayh",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Hadrami Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"ayl",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Libyan Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"ayn",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Sanaani Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"ayp",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* North Mesopotamian Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"ayr",	HB_TAG('A','Y','M',' ')},	/* Central Aymara -> Aymara */
-  {"az",	HB_TAG('A','Z','E',' ')},	/* Azerbaijani [macrolanguage] */
-  {"azb",	HB_TAG('A','Z','B',' ')},	/* South Azerbaijani -> Torki */
-  {"azb",	HB_TAG('A','Z','E',' ')},	/* South Azerbaijani -> Azerbaijani */
-  {"azd",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Eastern Durango Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"azj",	HB_TAG('A','Z','E',' ')},	/* North Azerbaijani -> Azerbaijani */
-  {"azn",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Western Durango Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"azz",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Highland Puebla Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"ba",	HB_TAG('B','S','H',' ')},	/* Bashkir */
-  {"bad",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Banda [collection] */
-  {"bag",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tuki != Baghelkhandi */
-  {"bah",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Bahamas Creole English -> Creoles */
-  {"bai",	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Bamileke [collection] */
-  {"bal",	HB_TAG('B','L','I',' ')},	/* Baluchi [macrolanguage] */
-/*{"ban",	HB_TAG('B','A','N',' ')},*/	/* Balinese */
-/*{"bar",	HB_TAG('B','A','R',' ')},*/	/* Bavarian */
-  {"bau",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Bada (Nigeria) != Baulé */
-  {"bbc",	HB_TAG('B','B','C',' ')},	/* Batak Toba */
-  {"bbc",	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},	/* Batak Toba -> Batak */
-  {"bbj",	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Ghomálá' -> Bamileke */
-  {"bbp",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* West Central Banda -> Banda */
-  {"bbr",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Girawa != Berber */
-  {"bbz",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Babalia Creole Arabic (retired code) -> Arabic */
-  {"bcc",	HB_TAG('B','L','I',' ')},	/* Southern Balochi -> Baluchi */
-  {"bch",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Bariai != Bench */
-  {"bci",	HB_TAG('B','A','U',' ')},	/* Baoulé -> Baulé */
-  {"bcl",	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Central Bikol -> Bikol */
-  {"bcq",	HB_TAG('B','C','H',' ')},	/* Bench */
-  {"bcr",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Babine -> Athapaskan */
-/*{"bdy",	HB_TAG('B','D','Y',' ')},*/	/* Bandjalang */
-  {"be",	HB_TAG('B','E','L',' ')},	/* Belarusian -> Belarussian */
-  {"bea",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Beaver -> Athapaskan */
-  {"beb",	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Bebele -> Beti */
-/*{"bem",	HB_TAG('B','E','M',' ')},*/	/* Bemba (Zambia) */
-  {"ber",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Berber [collection] */
-  {"bew",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Betawi -> Creoles */
-  {"bfl",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Banda-Ndélé -> Banda */
-  {"bfq",	HB_TAG('B','A','D',' ')},	/* Badaga */
-  {"bft",	HB_TAG('B','L','T',' ')},	/* Balti */
-  {"bfu",	HB_TAG('L','A','H',' ')},	/* Gahri -> Lahuli */
-  {"bfy",	HB_TAG('B','A','G',' ')},	/* Bagheli -> Baghelkhandi */
-  {"bg",	HB_TAG('B','G','R',' ')},	/* Bulgarian */
-/*{"bgc",	HB_TAG('B','G','C',' ')},*/	/* Haryanvi */
-  {"bgn",	HB_TAG('B','L','I',' ')},	/* Western Balochi -> Baluchi */
-  {"bgp",	HB_TAG('B','L','I',' ')},	/* Eastern Balochi -> Baluchi */
-  {"bgq",	HB_TAG('B','G','Q',' ')},	/* Bagri */
-  {"bgq",	HB_TAG('R','A','J',' ')},	/* Bagri -> Rajasthani */
-  {"bgr",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Bawm Chin -> Chin */
-  {"bhb",	HB_TAG('B','H','I',' ')},	/* Bhili */
-/*{"bhi",	HB_TAG('B','H','I',' ')},*/	/* Bhilali -> Bhili */
-  {"bhk",	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Albay Bicolano (retired code) -> Bikol */
-/*{"bho",	HB_TAG('B','H','O',' ')},*/	/* Bhojpuri */
-  {"bhr",	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Bara Malagasy -> Malagasy */
-  {"bi",	HB_TAG('B','I','S',' ')},	/* Bislama */
-  {"bi",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Bislama -> Creoles */
-/*{"bik",	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},*/	/* Bikol [macrolanguage] */
-  {"bil",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Bile != Bilen */
-  {"bin",	HB_TAG('E','D','O',' ')},	/* Edo */
-  {"biu",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Biete -> Chin */
-/*{"bjj",	HB_TAG('B','J','J',' ')},*/	/* Kanauji */
-  {"bjn",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Banjar -> Malay */
-  {"bjo",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Mid-Southern Banda -> Banda */
-  {"bjq",	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy (retired code) -> Malagasy */
-  {"bjs",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Bajan -> Creoles */
-  {"bjt",	HB_TAG('B','L','N',' ')},	/* Balanta-Ganja -> Balante */
-  {"bkf",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Beeke != Blackfoot */
-  {"bko",	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Kwa' -> Bamileke */
-  {"bla",	HB_TAG('B','K','F',' ')},	/* Siksika -> Blackfoot */
-  {"ble",	HB_TAG('B','L','N',' ')},	/* Balanta-Kentohe -> Balante */
-  {"blg",	HB_TAG('I','B','A',' ')},	/* Balau (retired code) -> Iban */
-  {"bli",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Bolia != Baluchi */
-  {"blk",	HB_TAG('B','L','K',' ')},	/* Pa’o Karen */
-  {"blk",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Pa'o Karen -> Karen */
-  {"bln",	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Southern Catanduanes Bikol -> Bikol */
-  {"blt",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tai Dam != Balti */
-  {"bm",	HB_TAG('B','M','B',' ')},	/* Bambara (Bamanankan) */
-  {"bmb",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Bembe != Bambara (Bamanankan) */
-  {"bml",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Bomboli != Bamileke */
-  {"bmm",	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Northern Betsimisaraka Malagasy -> Malagasy */
-  {"bn",	HB_TAG('B','E','N',' ')},	/* Bengali */
-  {"bo",	HB_TAG('T','I','B',' ')},	/* Tibetan */
-  {"bpd",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Banda-Banda -> Banda */
-  {"bpl",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin -> Creoles */
-  {"bpq",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Banda Malay -> Creoles */
-/*{"bpy",	HB_TAG('B','P','Y',' ')},*/	/* Bishnupriya -> Bishnupriya Manipuri */
-  {"bqi",	HB_TAG('L','R','C',' ')},	/* Bakhtiari -> Luri */
-  {"bqk",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Banda-Mbrès -> Banda */
-  {"br",	HB_TAG('B','R','E',' ')},	/* Breton */
-  {"bra",	HB_TAG('B','R','I',' ')},	/* Braj -> Braj Bhasha */
-  {"brc",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Berbice Creole Dutch -> Creoles */
-/*{"brh",	HB_TAG('B','R','H',' ')},*/	/* Brahui */
-  {"bri",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Mokpwe != Braj Bhasha */
-  {"brm",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Barambu != Burmese */
-/*{"brx",	HB_TAG('B','R','X',' ')},*/	/* Bodo (India) */
-  {"bs",	HB_TAG('B','O','S',' ')},	/* Bosnian */
-  {"bsh",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kati != Bashkir */
-/*{"bsk",	HB_TAG('B','S','K',' ')},*/	/* Burushaski */
-  {"btb",	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Beti (Cameroon) (retired code) */
-  {"btd",	HB_TAG('B','T','D',' ')},	/* Batak Dairi (Pakpak) */
-  {"btd",	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},	/* Batak Dairi -> Batak */
-  {"bti",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Burate != Beti */
-  {"btj",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Bacanese Malay -> Malay */
-/*{"btk",	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},*/	/* Batak [collection] */
-  {"btm",	HB_TAG('B','T','M',' ')},	/* Batak Mandailing */
-  {"btm",	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},	/* Batak Mandailing -> Batak */
-  {"bto",	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Rinconada Bikol -> Bikol */
-  {"bts",	HB_TAG('B','T','S',' ')},	/* Batak Simalungun */
-  {"bts",	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},	/* Batak Simalungun -> Batak */
-  {"btx",	HB_TAG('B','T','X',' ')},	/* Batak Karo */
-  {"btx",	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},	/* Batak Karo -> Batak */
-  {"btz",	HB_TAG('B','T','Z',' ')},	/* Batak Alas-Kluet */
-  {"btz",	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},	/* Batak Alas-Kluet -> Batak */
-/*{"bug",	HB_TAG('B','U','G',' ')},*/	/* Buginese -> Bugis */
-  {"bum",	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Bulu (Cameroon) -> Beti */
-  {"bve",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Berau Malay -> Malay */
-  {"bvu",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Bukit Malay -> Malay */
-  {"bwe",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Bwe Karen -> Karen */
-  {"bxk",	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Bukusu -> Luyia */
-  {"bxo",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Barikanchi -> Creoles */
-  {"bxp",	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Bebil -> Beti */
-  {"bxr",	HB_TAG('R','B','U',' ')},	/* Russia Buriat -> Russian Buriat */
-  {"byn",	HB_TAG('B','I','L',' ')},	/* Bilin -> Bilen */
-  {"byv",	HB_TAG('B','Y','V',' ')},	/* Medumba */
-  {"byv",	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Medumba -> Bamileke */
-  {"bzc",	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy -> Malagasy */
-  {"bzj",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Belize Kriol English -> Creoles */
-  {"bzk",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Nicaragua Creole English -> Creoles */
-  {"ca",	HB_TAG('C','A','T',' ')},	/* Catalan */
-  {"caa",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Chortí -> Mayan */
-  {"cac",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Chuj -> Mayan */
-  {"caf",	HB_TAG('C','R','R',' ')},	/* Southern Carrier -> Carrier */
-  {"caf",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Southern Carrier -> Athapaskan */
-  {"cak",	HB_TAG('C','A','K',' ')},	/* Kaqchikel */
-  {"cak",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Kaqchikel -> Mayan */
-  {"cbk",	HB_TAG('C','B','K',' ')},	/* Chavacano -> Zamboanga Chavacano */
-  {"cbk",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Chavacano -> Creoles */
-  {"cbl",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Bualkhaw Chin -> Chin */
-  {"ccl",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Cutchi-Swahili -> Creoles */
-  {"ccm",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Malaccan Creole Malay -> Creoles */
-  {"cco",	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Comaltepec Chinantec -> Chinantec */
-  {"ccq",	HB_TAG('A','R','K',' ')},	/* Chaungtha (retired code) -> Rakhine */
-  {"cdo",	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Min Dong Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
-  {"ce",	HB_TAG('C','H','E',' ')},	/* Chechen */
-/*{"ceb",	HB_TAG('C','E','B',' ')},*/	/* Cebuano */
-  {"cek",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Eastern Khumi Chin -> Chin */
-  {"cey",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Ekai Chin -> Chin */
-  {"cfm",	HB_TAG('H','A','L',' ')},	/* Halam (Falam Chin) */
-  {"cfm",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Falam Chin -> Chin */
-/*{"cgg",	HB_TAG('C','G','G',' ')},*/	/* Chiga */
-  {"ch",	HB_TAG('C','H','A',' ')},	/* Chamorro */
-  {"chf",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Tabasco Chontal -> Mayan */
-  {"chg",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Chagatai != Chaha Gurage */
-  {"chh",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Chinook != Chattisgarhi */
-  {"chj",	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Ojitlán Chinantec -> Chinantec */
-  {"chk",	HB_TAG('C','H','K','0')},	/* Chuukese */
-  {"chm",	HB_TAG('H','M','A',' ')},	/* Mari (Russia) [macrolanguage] -> High Mari */
-  {"chm",	HB_TAG('L','M','A',' ')},	/* Mari (Russia) [macrolanguage] -> Low Mari */
-  {"chn",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Chinook jargon -> Creoles */
-/*{"cho",	HB_TAG('C','H','O',' ')},*/	/* Choctaw */
-  {"chp",	HB_TAG('C','H','P',' ')},	/* Chipewyan */
-  {"chp",	HB_TAG('S','A','Y',' ')},	/* Chipewyan -> Sayisi */
-  {"chp",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Chipewyan -> Athapaskan */
-  {"chq",	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Quiotepec Chinantec -> Chinantec */
-/*{"chr",	HB_TAG('C','H','R',' ')},*/	/* Cherokee */
-/*{"chy",	HB_TAG('C','H','Y',' ')},*/	/* Cheyenne */
-  {"chz",	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Ozumacín Chinantec -> Chinantec */
-  {"ciw",	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},	/* Chippewa -> Ojibway */
-/*{"cja",	HB_TAG('C','J','A',' ')},*/	/* Western Cham */
-/*{"cjm",	HB_TAG('C','J','M',' ')},*/	/* Eastern Cham */
-  {"cjy",	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Jinyu Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
-  {"cka",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Khumi Awa Chin (retired code) -> Chin */
-  {"ckb",	HB_TAG('K','U','R',' ')},	/* Central Kurdish -> Kurdish */
-  {"ckn",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Kaang Chin -> Chin */
-  {"cks",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Tayo -> Creoles */
-  {"ckt",	HB_TAG('C','H','K',' ')},	/* Chukot -> Chukchi */
-  {"ckz",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Cakchiquel-Quiché Mixed Language -> Mayan */
-  {"clc",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Chilcotin -> Athapaskan */
-  {"cld",	HB_TAG('S','Y','R',' ')},	/* Chaldean Neo-Aramaic -> Syriac */
-  {"cle",	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Lealao Chinantec -> Chinantec */
-  {"clj",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Laitu Chin -> Chin */
-  {"clt",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Lautu Chin -> Chin */
-  {"cmn",	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Mandarin Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
-  {"cmr",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Mro-Khimi Chin -> Chin */
-  {"cnb",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Chinbon Chin -> Chin */
-  {"cnh",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Hakha Chin -> Chin */
-  {"cnk",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Khumi Chin -> Chin */
-  {"cnl",	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Lalana Chinantec -> Chinantec */
-  {"cnp",	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Northern Ping Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
-  {"cnr",	HB_TAG('S','R','B',' ')},	/* Montenegrin -> Serbian */
-  {"cnt",	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Tepetotutla Chinantec -> Chinantec */
-  {"cnu",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Chenoua -> Berber */
-  {"cnw",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Ngawn Chin -> Chin */
-  {"co",	HB_TAG('C','O','S',' ')},	/* Corsican */
-  {"coa",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Cocos Islands Malay -> Malay */
-  {"cob",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Chicomuceltec -> Mayan */
-/*{"cop",	HB_TAG('C','O','P',' ')},*/	/* Coptic */
-  {"coq",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Coquille -> Athapaskan */
-  {"cpa",	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Palantla Chinantec -> Chinantec */
-  {"cpe",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* English-based creoles and pidgins [collection] -> Creoles */
-  {"cpf",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* French-based creoles and pidgins [collection] -> Creoles */
-  {"cpi",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Chinese Pidgin English -> Creoles */
-/*{"cpp",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},*/	/* Portuguese-based creoles and pidgins [collection] -> Creoles */
-  {"cpx",	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Pu-Xian Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
-  {"cqd",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Chuanqiandian Cluster Miao -> Hmong */
-  {"cqu",	HB_TAG('Q','U','H',' ')},	/* Chilean Quechua (retired code) -> Quechua (Bolivia) */
-  {"cqu",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Chilean Quechua (retired code) -> Quechua */
-  {"cr",	HB_TAG('C','R','E',' ')},	/* Cree [macrolanguage] */
-  {"crh",	HB_TAG('C','R','T',' ')},	/* Crimean Tatar */
-  {"cri",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Sãotomense -> Creoles */
-  {"crj",	HB_TAG('E','C','R',' ')},	/* Southern East Cree -> Eastern Cree */
-  {"crj",	HB_TAG('Y','C','R',' ')},	/* Southern East Cree -> Y-Cree */
-  {"crj",	HB_TAG('C','R','E',' ')},	/* Southern East Cree -> Cree */
-  {"crk",	HB_TAG('W','C','R',' ')},	/* Plains Cree -> West-Cree */
-  {"crk",	HB_TAG('Y','C','R',' ')},	/* Plains Cree -> Y-Cree */
-  {"crk",	HB_TAG('C','R','E',' ')},	/* Plains Cree -> Cree */
-  {"crl",	HB_TAG('E','C','R',' ')},	/* Northern East Cree -> Eastern Cree */
-  {"crl",	HB_TAG('Y','C','R',' ')},	/* Northern East Cree -> Y-Cree */
-  {"crl",	HB_TAG('C','R','E',' ')},	/* Northern East Cree -> Cree */
-  {"crm",	HB_TAG('M','C','R',' ')},	/* Moose Cree */
-  {"crm",	HB_TAG('L','C','R',' ')},	/* Moose Cree -> L-Cree */
-  {"crm",	HB_TAG('C','R','E',' ')},	/* Moose Cree -> Cree */
-  {"crp",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Creoles and pidgins [collection] -> Creoles */
-  {"crr",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Carolina Algonquian != Carrier */
-  {"crs",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Seselwa Creole French -> Creoles */
-  {"crt",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Iyojwa'ja Chorote != Crimean Tatar */
-  {"crx",	HB_TAG('C','R','R',' ')},	/* Carrier */
-  {"crx",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Carrier -> Athapaskan */
-  {"cs",	HB_TAG('C','S','Y',' ')},	/* Czech */
-  {"csa",	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Chiltepec Chinantec -> Chinantec */
-/*{"csb",	HB_TAG('C','S','B',' ')},*/	/* Kashubian */
-  {"csh",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Asho Chin -> Chin */
-  {"csj",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Songlai Chin -> Chin */
-  {"csl",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Chinese Sign Language != Church Slavonic */
-  {"cso",	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Sochiapam Chinantec -> Chinantec */
-  {"csp",	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Southern Ping Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
-  {"csv",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Sumtu Chin -> Chin */
-  {"csw",	HB_TAG('N','C','R',' ')},	/* Swampy Cree -> N-Cree */
-  {"csw",	HB_TAG('N','H','C',' ')},	/* Swampy Cree -> Norway House Cree */
-  {"csw",	HB_TAG('C','R','E',' ')},	/* Swampy Cree -> Cree */
-  {"csy",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Siyin Chin -> Chin */
-  {"ctc",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Chetco -> Athapaskan */
-  {"ctd",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Tedim Chin -> Chin */
-  {"cte",	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Tepinapa Chinantec -> Chinantec */
-/*{"ctg",	HB_TAG('C','T','G',' ')},*/	/* Chittagonian */
-  {"cth",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Thaiphum Chin -> Chin */
-  {"ctl",	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Tlacoatzintepec Chinantec -> Chinantec */
-  {"cts",	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Northern Catanduanes Bikol -> Bikol */
-/*{"ctt",	HB_TAG('C','T','T',' ')},*/	/* Wayanad Chetti */
-  {"ctu",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Chol -> Mayan */
-  {"cu",	HB_TAG('C','S','L',' ')},	/* Church Slavonic */
-  {"cuc",	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Usila Chinantec -> Chinantec */
-/*{"cuk",	HB_TAG('C','U','K',' ')},*/	/* San Blas Kuna */
-  {"cv",	HB_TAG('C','H','U',' ')},	/* Chuvash */
-  {"cvn",	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Valle Nacional Chinantec -> Chinantec */
-  {"cwd",	HB_TAG('D','C','R',' ')},	/* Woods Cree */
-  {"cwd",	HB_TAG('T','C','R',' ')},	/* Woods Cree -> TH-Cree */
-  {"cwd",	HB_TAG('C','R','E',' ')},	/* Woods Cree -> Cree */
-  {"cy",	HB_TAG('W','E','L',' ')},	/* Welsh */
-  {"czh",	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Huizhou Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
-  {"czo",	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Min Zhong Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
-  {"czt",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Zotung Chin -> Chin */
-  {"da",	HB_TAG('D','A','N',' ')},	/* Danish */
-/*{"dag",	HB_TAG('D','A','G',' ')},*/	/* Dagbani */
-  {"dao",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Daai Chin -> Chin */
-  {"dap",	HB_TAG('N','I','S',' ')},	/* Nisi (India) (retired code) */
-/*{"dar",	HB_TAG('D','A','R',' ')},*/	/* Dargwa */
-/*{"dax",	HB_TAG('D','A','X',' ')},*/	/* Dayi */
-  {"dcr",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Negerhollands -> Creoles */
-  {"de",	HB_TAG('D','E','U',' ')},	/* German */
-  {"den",	HB_TAG('S','L','A',' ')},	/* Slave (Athapascan) [macrolanguage] -> Slavey */
-  {"den",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Slave (Athapascan) [macrolanguage] -> Athapaskan */
-  {"dep",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Pidgin Delaware -> Creoles */
-  {"dgo",	HB_TAG('D','G','O',' ')},	/* Dogri (individual language) */
-  {"dgo",	HB_TAG('D','G','R',' ')},	/* Dogri (macrolanguage) */
-  {"dgr",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Dogrib -> Athapaskan */
-  {"dhd",	HB_TAG('M','A','W',' ')},	/* Dhundari -> Marwari */
-/*{"dhg",	HB_TAG('D','H','G',' ')},*/	/* Dhangu */
-  {"dhv",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Dehu != Divehi (Dhivehi, Maldivian) (deprecated) */
-  {"dib",	HB_TAG('D','N','K',' ')},	/* South Central Dinka -> Dinka */
-  {"dik",	HB_TAG('D','N','K',' ')},	/* Southwestern Dinka -> Dinka */
-  {"din",	HB_TAG('D','N','K',' ')},	/* Dinka [macrolanguage] */
-  {"dip",	HB_TAG('D','N','K',' ')},	/* Northeastern Dinka -> Dinka */
-  {"diq",	HB_TAG('D','I','Q',' ')},	/* Dimli */
-  {"diq",	HB_TAG('Z','Z','A',' ')},	/* Dimli -> Zazaki */
-  {"diw",	HB_TAG('D','N','K',' ')},	/* Northwestern Dinka -> Dinka */
-  {"dje",	HB_TAG('D','J','R',' ')},	/* Zarma */
-  {"djk",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Eastern Maroon Creole -> Creoles */
-  {"djr",	HB_TAG('D','J','R','0')},	/* Djambarrpuyngu */
-  {"dks",	HB_TAG('D','N','K',' ')},	/* Southeastern Dinka -> Dinka */
-  {"dng",	HB_TAG('D','U','N',' ')},	/* Dungan */
-/*{"dnj",	HB_TAG('D','N','J',' ')},*/	/* Dan */
-  {"dnk",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Dengka != Dinka */
-  {"doi",	HB_TAG('D','G','R',' ')},	/* Dogri (macrolanguage) [macrolanguage] */
-  {"drh",	HB_TAG('M','N','G',' ')},	/* Darkhat (retired code) -> Mongolian */
-  {"dri",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* C'Lela != Dari */
-  {"drw",	HB_TAG('D','R','I',' ')},	/* Darwazi (retired code) -> Dari */
-  {"drw",	HB_TAG('F','A','R',' ')},	/* Darwazi (retired code) -> Persian */
-  {"dsb",	HB_TAG('L','S','B',' ')},	/* Lower Sorbian */
-  {"dty",	HB_TAG('N','E','P',' ')},	/* Dotyali -> Nepali */
-/*{"duj",	HB_TAG('D','U','J',' ')},*/	/* Dhuwal (retired code) */
-  {"dun",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Dusun Deyah != Dungan */
-  {"dup",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Duano -> Malay */
-  {"dv",	HB_TAG('D','I','V',' ')},	/* Divehi (Dhivehi, Maldivian) */
-  {"dv",	HB_TAG('D','H','V',' ')},	/* Divehi (Dhivehi, Maldivian) (deprecated) */
-  {"dwk",	HB_TAG('K','U','I',' ')},	/* Dawik Kui -> Kui */
-  {"dwu",	HB_TAG('D','U','J',' ')},	/* Dhuwal */
-  {"dwy",	HB_TAG('D','U','J',' ')},	/* Dhuwaya -> Dhuwal */
-  {"dyu",	HB_TAG('J','U','L',' ')},	/* Dyula -> Jula */
-  {"dz",	HB_TAG('D','Z','N',' ')},	/* Dzongkha */
-  {"dzn",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Dzando != Dzongkha */
-  {"ecr",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Eteocretan != Eastern Cree */
-  {"ee",	HB_TAG('E','W','E',' ')},	/* Ewe */
-/*{"efi",	HB_TAG('E','F','I',' ')},*/	/* Efik */
-  {"ekk",	HB_TAG('E','T','I',' ')},	/* Standard Estonian -> Estonian */
-  {"eky",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Eastern Kayah -> Karen */
-  {"el",	HB_TAG('E','L','L',' ')},	/* Modern Greek (1453-) -> Greek */
-  {"emk",	HB_TAG('E','M','K',' ')},	/* Eastern Maninkakan */
-  {"emk",	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Eastern Maninkakan -> Maninka */
-  {"emy",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Epigraphic Mayan -> Mayan */
-  {"en",	HB_TAG('E','N','G',' ')},	/* English */
-  {"enb",	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Markweeta -> Kalenjin */
-  {"enf",	HB_TAG('F','N','E',' ')},	/* Forest Enets */
-  {"enh",	HB_TAG('T','N','E',' ')},	/* Tundra Enets */
-  {"eo",	HB_TAG('N','T','O',' ')},	/* Esperanto */
-  {"es",	HB_TAG('E','S','P',' ')},	/* Spanish */
-  {"esg",	HB_TAG('G','O','N',' ')},	/* Aheri Gondi -> Gondi */
-  {"esi",	HB_TAG('I','P','K',' ')},	/* North Alaskan Inupiatun -> Inupiat */
-  {"esk",	HB_TAG('I','P','K',' ')},	/* Northwest Alaska Inupiatun -> Inupiat */
-/*{"esu",	HB_TAG('E','S','U',' ')},*/	/* Central Yupik */
-  {"et",	HB_TAG('E','T','I',' ')},	/* Estonian [macrolanguage] */
-  {"eto",	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Eton (Cameroon) -> Beti */
-  {"eu",	HB_TAG('E','U','Q',' ')},	/* Basque */
-  {"euq",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Basque [collection] != Basque */
-  {"eve",	HB_TAG('E','V','N',' ')},	/* Even */
-  {"evn",	HB_TAG('E','V','K',' ')},	/* Evenki */
-  {"ewo",	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Ewondo -> Beti */
-  {"eyo",	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Keiyo -> Kalenjin */
-  {"fa",	HB_TAG('F','A','R',' ')},	/* Persian [macrolanguage] */
-  {"fab",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Fa d'Ambu -> Creoles */
-  {"fan",	HB_TAG('F','A','N','0')},	/* Fang (Equatorial Guinea) */
-  {"fan",	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Fang (Equatorial Guinea) -> Beti */
-  {"far",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Fataleka != Persian */
-  {"fat",	HB_TAG('F','A','T',' ')},	/* Fanti */
-  {"fat",	HB_TAG('A','K','A',' ')},	/* Fanti -> Akan */
-  {"fbl",	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* West Albay Bikol -> Bikol */
-  {"ff",	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Fulah [macrolanguage] */
-  {"ffm",	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Maasina Fulfulde -> Fulah */
-  {"fi",	HB_TAG('F','I','N',' ')},	/* Finnish */
-  {"fil",	HB_TAG('P','I','L',' ')},	/* Filipino */
-  {"fj",	HB_TAG('F','J','I',' ')},	/* Fijian */
-  {"flm",	HB_TAG('H','A','L',' ')},	/* Halam (Falam Chin) (retired code) */
-  {"flm",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Falam Chin (retired code) -> Chin */
-  {"fmp",	HB_TAG('F','M','P',' ')},	/* Fe’fe’ */
-  {"fmp",	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Fe'fe' -> Bamileke */
-  {"fng",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Fanagalo -> Creoles */
-  {"fo",	HB_TAG('F','O','S',' ')},	/* Faroese */
-/*{"fon",	HB_TAG('F','O','N',' ')},*/	/* Fon */
-  {"fos",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Siraya != Faroese */
-  {"fpe",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Fernando Po Creole English -> Creoles */
-  {"fr",	HB_TAG('F','R','A',' ')},	/* French */
-/*{"frc",	HB_TAG('F','R','C',' ')},*/	/* Cajun French */
-/*{"frp",	HB_TAG('F','R','P',' ')},*/	/* Arpitan */
-  {"fub",	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Adamawa Fulfulde -> Fulah */
-  {"fuc",	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Pulaar -> Fulah */
-  {"fue",	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Borgu Fulfulde -> Fulah */
-  {"fuf",	HB_TAG('F','T','A',' ')},	/* Pular -> Futa */
-  {"fuf",	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Pular -> Fulah */
-  {"fuh",	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Western Niger Fulfulde -> Fulah */
-  {"fui",	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Bagirmi Fulfulde -> Fulah */
-  {"fuq",	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Central-Eastern Niger Fulfulde -> Fulah */
-  {"fur",	HB_TAG('F','R','L',' ')},	/* Friulian */
-  {"fuv",	HB_TAG('F','U','V',' ')},	/* Nigerian Fulfulde */
-  {"fuv",	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Nigerian Fulfulde -> Fulah */
-  {"fy",	HB_TAG('F','R','I',' ')},	/* Western Frisian -> Frisian */
-  {"ga",	HB_TAG('I','R','I',' ')},	/* Irish */
-  {"gaa",	HB_TAG('G','A','D',' ')},	/* Ga */
-  {"gac",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Mixed Great Andamanese -> Creoles */
-  {"gad",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Gaddang != Ga */
-  {"gae",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Guarequena != Scottish Gaelic (Gaelic) */
-/*{"gag",	HB_TAG('G','A','G',' ')},*/	/* Gagauz */
-  {"gal",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Galolen != Galician */
-  {"gan",	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Gan Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
-  {"gar",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Galeya != Garshuni */
-  {"gaw",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Nobonob != Garhwali */
-  {"gax",	HB_TAG('O','R','O',' ')},	/* Borana-Arsi-Guji Oromo -> Oromo */
-  {"gaz",	HB_TAG('O','R','O',' ')},	/* West Central Oromo -> Oromo */
-  {"gbm",	HB_TAG('G','A','W',' ')},	/* Garhwali */
-  {"gce",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Galice -> Athapaskan */
-  {"gcf",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Guadeloupean Creole French -> Creoles */
-  {"gcl",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Grenadian Creole English -> Creoles */
-  {"gcr",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Guianese Creole French -> Creoles */
-  {"gd",	HB_TAG('G','A','E',' ')},	/* Scottish Gaelic (Gaelic) */
-  {"gda",	HB_TAG('R','A','J',' ')},	/* Gade Lohar -> Rajasthani */
-/*{"gez",	HB_TAG('G','E','Z',' ')},*/	/* Geez */
-  {"ggo",	HB_TAG('G','O','N',' ')},	/* Southern Gondi (retired code) -> Gondi */
-  {"gha",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Ghadamès -> Berber */
-  {"ghk",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Geko Karen -> Karen */
-  {"gho",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Ghomara -> Berber */
-  {"gib",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Gibanawa -> Creoles */
-/*{"gih",	HB_TAG('G','I','H',' ')},*/	/* Githabul */
-  {"gil",	HB_TAG('G','I','L','0')},	/* Kiribati (Gilbertese) */
-  {"gju",	HB_TAG('R','A','J',' ')},	/* Gujari -> Rajasthani */
-  {"gkp",	HB_TAG('G','K','P',' ')},	/* Guinea Kpelle -> Kpelle (Guinea) */
-  {"gkp",	HB_TAG('K','P','L',' ')},	/* Guinea Kpelle -> Kpelle */
-  {"gl",	HB_TAG('G','A','L',' ')},	/* Galician */
-  {"gld",	HB_TAG('N','A','N',' ')},	/* Nanai */
-/*{"glk",	HB_TAG('G','L','K',' ')},*/	/* Gilaki */
-  {"gmz",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Mgbolizhia != Gumuz */
-  {"gn",	HB_TAG('G','U','A',' ')},	/* Guarani [macrolanguage] */
-  {"gnb",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Gangte -> Chin */
-/*{"gnn",	HB_TAG('G','N','N',' ')},*/	/* Gumatj */
-  {"gno",	HB_TAG('G','O','N',' ')},	/* Northern Gondi -> Gondi */
-  {"gnw",	HB_TAG('G','U','A',' ')},	/* Western Bolivian Guaraní -> Guarani */
-/*{"gog",	HB_TAG('G','O','G',' ')},*/	/* Gogo */
-  {"gom",	HB_TAG('K','O','K',' ')},	/* Goan Konkani -> Konkani */
-/*{"gon",	HB_TAG('G','O','N',' ')},*/	/* Gondi [macrolanguage] */
-  {"goq",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Gorap -> Creoles */
-  {"gox",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Gobu -> Banda */
-  {"gpe",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Ghanaian Pidgin English -> Creoles */
-  {"gro",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Groma != Garo */
-  {"grr",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Taznatit -> Berber */
-  {"grt",	HB_TAG('G','R','O',' ')},	/* Garo */
-  {"gru",	HB_TAG('S','O','G',' ')},	/* Kistane -> Sodo Gurage */
-  {"gsw",	HB_TAG('A','L','S',' ')},	/* Alsatian */
-  {"gu",	HB_TAG('G','U','J',' ')},	/* Gujarati */
-  {"gua",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Shiki != Guarani */
-/*{"guc",	HB_TAG('G','U','C',' ')},*/	/* Wayuu */
-/*{"guf",	HB_TAG('G','U','F',' ')},*/	/* Gupapuyngu */
-  {"gug",	HB_TAG('G','U','A',' ')},	/* Paraguayan Guaraní -> Guarani */
-  {"gui",	HB_TAG('G','U','A',' ')},	/* Eastern Bolivian Guaraní -> Guarani */
-  {"guk",	HB_TAG('G','M','Z',' ')},	/* Gumuz */
-  {"gul",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Sea Island Creole English -> Creoles */
-  {"gun",	HB_TAG('G','U','A',' ')},	/* Mbyá Guaraní -> Guarani */
-/*{"guz",	HB_TAG('G','U','Z',' ')},*/	/* Gusii */
-  {"gv",	HB_TAG('M','N','X',' ')},	/* Manx */
-  {"gwi",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Gwichʼin -> Athapaskan */
-  {"gyn",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Guyanese Creole English -> Creoles */
-  {"ha",	HB_TAG('H','A','U',' ')},	/* Hausa */
-  {"haa",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Han -> Athapaskan */
-  {"hae",	HB_TAG('O','R','O',' ')},	/* Eastern Oromo -> Oromo */
-  {"hai",	HB_TAG('H','A','I','0')},	/* Haida [macrolanguage] */
-  {"hak",	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Hakka Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
-  {"hal",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Halang != Halam (Falam Chin) */
-  {"har",	HB_TAG('H','R','I',' ')},	/* Harari */
-/*{"haw",	HB_TAG('H','A','W',' ')},*/	/* Hawaiian */
-  {"hax",	HB_TAG('H','A','I','0')},	/* Southern Haida -> Haida */
-/*{"hay",	HB_TAG('H','A','Y',' ')},*/	/* Haya */
-/*{"haz",	HB_TAG('H','A','Z',' ')},*/	/* Hazaragi */
-  {"hbn",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Heiban != Hammer-Banna */
-  {"hca",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Andaman Creole Hindi -> Creoles */
-  {"hdn",	HB_TAG('H','A','I','0')},	/* Northern Haida -> Haida */
-  {"he",	HB_TAG('I','W','R',' ')},	/* Hebrew */
-  {"hea",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Northern Qiandong Miao -> Hmong */
-/*{"hei",	HB_TAG('H','E','I',' ')},*/	/* Heiltsuk */
-  {"hi",	HB_TAG('H','I','N',' ')},	/* Hindi */
-/*{"hil",	HB_TAG('H','I','L',' ')},*/	/* Hiligaynon */
-  {"hji",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Haji -> Malay */
-  {"hlt",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Matu Chin -> Chin */
-  {"hma",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Southern Mashan Hmong -> Hmong */
-  {"hmc",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Central Huishui Hmong -> Hmong */
-  {"hmd",	HB_TAG('H','M','D',' ')},	/* Large Flowery Miao -> A-Hmao */
-  {"hmd",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Large Flowery Miao -> Hmong */
-  {"hme",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Eastern Huishui Hmong -> Hmong */
-  {"hmg",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Southwestern Guiyang Hmong -> Hmong */
-  {"hmh",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Southwestern Huishui Hmong -> Hmong */
-  {"hmi",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Northern Huishui Hmong -> Hmong */
-  {"hmj",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Ge -> Hmong */
-  {"hml",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Luopohe Hmong -> Hmong */
-  {"hmm",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Central Mashan Hmong -> Hmong */
-/*{"hmn",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},*/	/* Hmong [macrolanguage] */
-  {"hmp",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Northern Mashan Hmong -> Hmong */
-  {"hmq",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Eastern Qiandong Miao -> Hmong */
-  {"hmr",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Hmar -> Chin */
-  {"hms",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Southern Qiandong Miao -> Hmong */
-  {"hmw",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Western Mashan Hmong -> Hmong */
-  {"hmy",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Southern Guiyang Hmong -> Hmong */
-  {"hmz",	HB_TAG('H','M','Z',' ')},	/* Hmong Shua -> Hmong Shuat */
-  {"hmz",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Hmong Shua -> Hmong */
-/*{"hnd",	HB_TAG('H','N','D',' ')},*/	/* Southern Hindko -> Hindko */
-  {"hne",	HB_TAG('C','H','H',' ')},	/* Chhattisgarhi -> Chattisgarhi */
-  {"hnj",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Hmong Njua -> Hmong */
-  {"hno",	HB_TAG('H','N','D',' ')},	/* Northern Hindko -> Hindko */
-  {"ho",	HB_TAG('H','M','O',' ')},	/* Hiri Motu */
-  {"ho",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Hiri Motu -> Creoles */
-  {"hoc",	HB_TAG('H','O',' ',' ')},	/* Ho */
-  {"hoi",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Holikachuk -> Athapaskan */
-  {"hoj",	HB_TAG('H','A','R',' ')},	/* Hadothi -> Harauti */
-  {"hoj",	HB_TAG('R','A','J',' ')},	/* Hadothi -> Rajasthani */
-  {"hr",	HB_TAG('H','R','V',' ')},	/* Croatian */
-  {"hra",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Hrangkhol -> Chin */
-  {"hrm",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Horned Miao -> Hmong */
-  {"hsb",	HB_TAG('U','S','B',' ')},	/* Upper Sorbian */
-  {"hsn",	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Xiang Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
-  {"ht",	HB_TAG('H','A','I',' ')},	/* Haitian (Haitian Creole) */
-  {"ht",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Haitian -> Creoles */
-  {"hu",	HB_TAG('H','U','N',' ')},	/* Hungarian */
-  {"huj",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Northern Guiyang Hmong -> Hmong */
-  {"hup",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Hupa -> Athapaskan */
-  {"hus",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Huastec -> Mayan */
-  {"hwc",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Hawai'i Creole English -> Creoles */
-  {"hy",	HB_TAG('H','Y','E','0')},	/* Armenian -> Armenian East */
-  {"hy",	HB_TAG('H','Y','E',' ')},	/* Armenian */
-  {"hyw",	HB_TAG('H','Y','E',' ')},	/* Western Armenian -> Armenian */
-  {"hz",	HB_TAG('H','E','R',' ')},	/* Herero */
-  {"ia",	HB_TAG('I','N','A',' ')},	/* Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) */
-/*{"iba",	HB_TAG('I','B','A',' ')},*/	/* Iban */
-/*{"ibb",	HB_TAG('I','B','B',' ')},*/	/* Ibibio */
-  {"iby",	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Ibani -> Ijo */
-  {"icr",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Islander Creole English -> Creoles */
-  {"id",	HB_TAG('I','N','D',' ')},	/* Indonesian */
-  {"id",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Indonesian -> Malay */
-  {"ida",	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Idakho-Isukha-Tiriki -> Luyia */
-  {"idb",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Indo-Portuguese -> Creoles */
-  {"ie",	HB_TAG('I','L','E',' ')},	/* Interlingue */
-  {"ig",	HB_TAG('I','B','O',' ')},	/* Igbo */
-  {"igb",	HB_TAG('E','B','I',' ')},	/* Ebira */
-  {"ihb",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Iha Based Pidgin -> Creoles */
-  {"ii",	HB_TAG('Y','I','M',' ')},	/* Sichuan Yi -> Yi Modern */
-  {"ijc",	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Izon -> Ijo */
-  {"ije",	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Biseni -> Ijo */
-  {"ijn",	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Kalabari -> Ijo */
-/*{"ijo",	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},*/	/* Ijo [collection] */
-  {"ijs",	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Southeast Ijo -> Ijo */
-  {"ik",	HB_TAG('I','P','K',' ')},	/* Inupiaq [macrolanguage] -> Inupiat */
-  {"ike",	HB_TAG('I','N','U',' ')},	/* Eastern Canadian Inuktitut -> Inuktitut */
-  {"ike",	HB_TAG('I','N','U','K')},	/* Eastern Canadian Inuktitut -> Nunavik Inuktitut */
-  {"ikt",	HB_TAG('I','N','U',' ')},	/* Inuinnaqtun -> Inuktitut */
-/*{"ilo",	HB_TAG('I','L','O',' ')},*/	/* Iloko -> Ilokano */
-  {"in",	HB_TAG('I','N','D',' ')},	/* Indonesian (retired code) */
-  {"in",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Indonesian (retired code) -> Malay */
-  {"ing",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Degexit'an -> Athapaskan */
-  {"inh",	HB_TAG('I','N','G',' ')},	/* Ingush */
-  {"io",	HB_TAG('I','D','O',' ')},	/* Ido */
-  {"iri",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Rigwe != Irish */
-/*{"iru",	HB_TAG('I','R','U',' ')},*/	/* Irula */
-  {"is",	HB_TAG('I','S','L',' ')},	/* Icelandic */
-  {"ism",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Masimasi != Inari Sami */
-  {"it",	HB_TAG('I','T','A',' ')},	/* Italian */
-  {"itz",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Itzá -> Mayan */
-  {"iu",	HB_TAG('I','N','U',' ')},	/* Inuktitut [macrolanguage] */
-  {"iu",	HB_TAG('I','N','U','K')},	/* Inuktitut [macrolanguage] -> Nunavik Inuktitut */
-  {"iw",	HB_TAG('I','W','R',' ')},	/* Hebrew (retired code) */
-  {"ixl",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Ixil -> Mayan */
-  {"ja",	HB_TAG('J','A','N',' ')},	/* Japanese */
-  {"jac",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Popti' -> Mayan */
-  {"jak",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Jakun -> Malay */
-  {"jam",	HB_TAG('J','A','M',' ')},	/* Jamaican Creole English -> Jamaican Creole */
-  {"jam",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Jamaican Creole English -> Creoles */
-  {"jan",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Jandai != Japanese */
-  {"jax",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Jambi Malay -> Malay */
-  {"jbe",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Judeo-Berber -> Berber */
-  {"jbn",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Nafusi -> Berber */
-/*{"jbo",	HB_TAG('J','B','O',' ')},*/	/* Lojban */
-/*{"jct",	HB_TAG('J','C','T',' ')},*/	/* Krymchak */
-  {"jgo",	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Ngomba -> Bamileke */
-  {"ji",	HB_TAG('J','I','I',' ')},	/* Yiddish (retired code) */
-  {"jii",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Jiiddu != Yiddish */
-  {"jkm",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Mobwa Karen -> Karen */
-  {"jkp",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Paku Karen -> Karen */
-  {"jud",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Worodougou != Ladino */
-  {"jul",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Jirel != Jula */
-  {"jv",	HB_TAG('J','A','V',' ')},	/* Javanese */
-  {"jvd",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Javindo -> Creoles */
-  {"jw",	HB_TAG('J','A','V',' ')},	/* Javanese (retired code) */
-  {"ka",	HB_TAG('K','A','T',' ')},	/* Georgian */
-  {"kaa",	HB_TAG('K','R','K',' ')},	/* Karakalpak */
-  {"kab",	HB_TAG('K','A','B','0')},	/* Kabyle */
-  {"kab",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Kabyle -> Berber */
-  {"kac",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kachin != Kachchi */
-  {"kam",	HB_TAG('K','M','B',' ')},	/* Kamba (Kenya) */
-  {"kar",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Karen [collection] */
-/*{"kaw",	HB_TAG('K','A','W',' ')},*/	/* Kawi (Old Javanese) */
-  {"kbd",	HB_TAG('K','A','B',' ')},	/* Kabardian */
-  {"kby",	HB_TAG('K','N','R',' ')},	/* Manga Kanuri -> Kanuri */
-  {"kca",	HB_TAG('K','H','K',' ')},	/* Khanty -> Khanty-Kazim */
-  {"kca",	HB_TAG('K','H','S',' ')},	/* Khanty -> Khanty-Shurishkar */
-  {"kca",	HB_TAG('K','H','V',' ')},	/* Khanty -> Khanty-Vakhi */
-  {"kcn",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Nubi -> Creoles */
-/*{"kde",	HB_TAG('K','D','E',' ')},*/	/* Makonde */
-  {"kdr",	HB_TAG('K','R','M',' ')},	/* Karaim */
-  {"kdt",	HB_TAG('K','U','Y',' ')},	/* Kuy */
-  {"kea",	HB_TAG('K','E','A',' ')},	/* Kabuverdianu (Crioulo) */
-  {"kea",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Kabuverdianu -> Creoles */
-  {"keb",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kélé != Kebena */
-  {"kek",	HB_TAG('K','E','K',' ')},	/* Kekchi */
-  {"kek",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Kekchí -> Mayan */
-  {"kex",	HB_TAG('K','K','N',' ')},	/* Kukna -> Kokni */
-  {"kfa",	HB_TAG('K','O','D',' ')},	/* Kodava -> Kodagu */
-  {"kfr",	HB_TAG('K','A','C',' ')},	/* Kachhi -> Kachchi */
-  {"kfx",	HB_TAG('K','U','L',' ')},	/* Kullu Pahari -> Kulvi */
-  {"kfy",	HB_TAG('K','M','N',' ')},	/* Kumaoni */
-  {"kg",	HB_TAG('K','O','N','0')},	/* Kongo [macrolanguage] */
-  {"kge",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Komering != Khutsuri Georgian */
-  {"kha",	HB_TAG('K','S','I',' ')},	/* Khasi */
-  {"khb",	HB_TAG('X','B','D',' ')},	/* Lü */
-  {"khk",	HB_TAG('M','N','G',' ')},	/* Halh Mongolian -> Mongolian */
-  {"khn",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Khandesi != Khamti Shan (Microsoft fonts) */
-  {"khs",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kasua != Khanty-Shurishkar */
-  {"kht",	HB_TAG('K','H','T',' ')},	/* Khamti -> Khamti Shan */
-  {"kht",	HB_TAG('K','H','N',' ')},	/* Khamti -> Khamti Shan (Microsoft fonts) */
-  {"khv",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Khvarshi != Khanty-Vakhi */
-/*{"khw",	HB_TAG('K','H','W',' ')},*/	/* Khowar */
-  {"ki",	HB_TAG('K','I','K',' ')},	/* Kikuyu (Gikuyu) */
-  {"kis",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kis != Kisii */
-  {"kiu",	HB_TAG('K','I','U',' ')},	/* Kirmanjki */
-  {"kiu",	HB_TAG('Z','Z','A',' ')},	/* Kirmanjki -> Zazaki */
-  {"kj",	HB_TAG('K','U','A',' ')},	/* Kuanyama */
-  {"kjb",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Q'anjob'al -> Mayan */
-/*{"kjd",	HB_TAG('K','J','D',' ')},*/	/* Southern Kiwai */
-  {"kjh",	HB_TAG('K','H','A',' ')},	/* Khakas -> Khakass */
-  {"kjp",	HB_TAG('K','J','P',' ')},	/* Pwo Eastern Karen -> Eastern Pwo Karen */
-  {"kjp",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Pwo Eastern Karen -> Karen */
-  {"kjt",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Phrae Pwo Karen -> Karen */
-/*{"kjz",	HB_TAG('K','J','Z',' ')},*/	/* Bumthangkha */
-  {"kk",	HB_TAG('K','A','Z',' ')},	/* Kazakh */
-  {"kkn",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kon Keu != Kokni */
-  {"kkz",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Kaska -> Athapaskan */
-  {"kl",	HB_TAG('G','R','N',' ')},	/* Greenlandic */
-  {"klm",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Migum != Kalmyk */
-  {"kln",	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Kalenjin [macrolanguage] */
-  {"km",	HB_TAG('K','H','M',' ')},	/* Khmer */
-  {"kmb",	HB_TAG('M','B','N',' ')},	/* Kimbundu -> Mbundu */
-  {"kmn",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Awtuw != Kumaoni */
-  {"kmo",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kwoma != Komo */
-  {"kmr",	HB_TAG('K','U','R',' ')},	/* Northern Kurdish -> Kurdish */
-  {"kms",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kamasau != Komso */
-  {"kmv",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Karipúna Creole French -> Creoles */
-  {"kmw",	HB_TAG('K','M','O',' ')},	/* Komo (Democratic Republic of Congo) */
-/*{"kmz",	HB_TAG('K','M','Z',' ')},*/	/* Khorasani Turkish -> Khorasani Turkic */
-  {"kn",	HB_TAG('K','A','N',' ')},	/* Kannada */
-  {"knc",	HB_TAG('K','N','R',' ')},	/* Central Kanuri -> Kanuri */
-  {"kng",	HB_TAG('K','O','N','0')},	/* Koongo -> Kongo */
-  {"knj",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Western Kanjobal -> Mayan */
-  {"knn",	HB_TAG('K','O','K',' ')},	/* Konkani */
-  {"knr",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kaningra != Kanuri */
-  {"ko",	HB_TAG('K','O','R',' ')},	/* Korean */
-  {"ko",	HB_TAG('K','O','H',' ')},	/* Korean -> Korean Old Hangul */
-  {"kod",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kodi != Kodagu */
-  {"koh",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Koyo != Korean Old Hangul */
-  {"koi",	HB_TAG('K','O','P',' ')},	/* Komi-Permyak */
-  {"koi",	HB_TAG('K','O','M',' ')},	/* Komi-Permyak -> Komi */
-/*{"kok",	HB_TAG('K','O','K',' ')},*/	/* Konkani [macrolanguage] */
-  {"kop",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Waube != Komi-Permyak */
-/*{"kos",	HB_TAG('K','O','S',' ')},*/	/* Kosraean */
-  {"koy",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Koyukon -> Athapaskan */
-  {"koz",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Korak != Komi-Zyrian */
-  {"kpe",	HB_TAG('K','P','L',' ')},	/* Kpelle [macrolanguage] */
-  {"kpl",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kpala != Kpelle */
-  {"kpp",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Paku Karen (retired code) -> Karen */
-  {"kpv",	HB_TAG('K','O','Z',' ')},	/* Komi-Zyrian */
-  {"kpv",	HB_TAG('K','O','M',' ')},	/* Komi-Zyrian -> Komi */
-  {"kpy",	HB_TAG('K','Y','K',' ')},	/* Koryak */
-  {"kqs",	HB_TAG('K','I','S',' ')},	/* Northern Kissi -> Kisii */
-  {"kqy",	HB_TAG('K','R','T',' ')},	/* Koorete */
-  {"kr",	HB_TAG('K','N','R',' ')},	/* Kanuri [macrolanguage] */
-  {"krc",	HB_TAG('K','A','R',' ')},	/* Karachay-Balkar -> Karachay */
-  {"krc",	HB_TAG('B','A','L',' ')},	/* Karachay-Balkar -> Balkar */
-  {"kri",	HB_TAG('K','R','I',' ')},	/* Krio */
-  {"kri",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Krio -> Creoles */
-  {"krk",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kerek != Karakalpak */
-/*{"krl",	HB_TAG('K','R','L',' ')},*/	/* Karelian */
-  {"krm",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Krim (retired code) != Karaim */
-  {"krn",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Sapo != Karen */
-  {"krt",	HB_TAG('K','N','R',' ')},	/* Tumari Kanuri -> Kanuri */
-  {"kru",	HB_TAG('K','U','U',' ')},	/* Kurukh */
-  {"ks",	HB_TAG('K','S','H',' ')},	/* Kashmiri */
-  {"ksh",	HB_TAG('K','S','H','0')},	/* Kölsch -> Ripuarian */
-  {"ksi",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Krisa != Khasi */
-  {"ksm",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kumba != Kildin Sami */
-  {"kss",	HB_TAG('K','I','S',' ')},	/* Southern Kisi -> Kisii */
-  {"ksw",	HB_TAG('K','S','W',' ')},	/* S’gaw Karen */
-  {"ksw",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* S'gaw Karen -> Karen */
-  {"ktb",	HB_TAG('K','E','B',' ')},	/* Kambaata -> Kebena */
-  {"ktu",	HB_TAG('K','O','N',' ')},	/* Kituba (Democratic Republic of Congo) -> Kikongo */
-  {"ktw",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Kato -> Athapaskan */
-  {"ku",	HB_TAG('K','U','R',' ')},	/* Kurdish [macrolanguage] */
-  {"kui",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kuikúro-Kalapálo != Kui */
-  {"kul",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kulere != Kulvi */
-/*{"kum",	HB_TAG('K','U','M',' ')},*/	/* Kumyk */
-  {"kuu",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Upper Kuskokwim -> Athapaskan */
-  {"kuw",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Kpagua -> Banda */
-  {"kuy",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kuuku-Ya'u != Kuy */
-  {"kv",	HB_TAG('K','O','M',' ')},	/* Komi [macrolanguage] */
-  {"kvb",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Kubu -> Malay */
-  {"kvl",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Kayaw -> Karen */
-  {"kvq",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Geba Karen -> Karen */
-  {"kvr",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Kerinci -> Malay */
-  {"kvt",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Lahta Karen -> Karen */
-  {"kvu",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Yinbaw Karen -> Karen */
-  {"kvy",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Yintale Karen -> Karen */
-  {"kw",	HB_TAG('C','O','R',' ')},	/* Cornish */
-/*{"kwk",	HB_TAG('K','W','K',' ')},*/	/* Kwakiutl -> Kwakʼwala */
-  {"kww",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Kwinti -> Creoles */
-  {"kwy",	HB_TAG('K','O','N','0')},	/* San Salvador Kongo -> Kongo */
-  {"kxc",	HB_TAG('K','M','S',' ')},	/* Konso -> Komso */
-  {"kxd",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Brunei -> Malay */
-  {"kxf",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Manumanaw Karen -> Karen */
-  {"kxk",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Zayein Karen -> Karen */
-  {"kxl",	HB_TAG('K','U','U',' ')},	/* Nepali Kurux (retired code) -> Kurukh */
-  {"kxu",	HB_TAG('K','U','I',' ')},	/* Kui (India) (retired code) */
-  {"ky",	HB_TAG('K','I','R',' ')},	/* Kirghiz (Kyrgyz) */
-  {"kyk",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kamayo != Koryak */
-  {"kyu",	HB_TAG('K','Y','U',' ')},	/* Western Kayah */
-  {"kyu",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Western Kayah -> Karen */
-  {"la",	HB_TAG('L','A','T',' ')},	/* Latin */
-  {"lac",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Lacandon -> Mayan */
-  {"lad",	HB_TAG('J','U','D',' ')},	/* Ladino */
-  {"lah",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Lahnda [macrolanguage] != Lahuli */
-  {"lak",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Laka (Nigeria) (retired code) != Lak */
-  {"lam",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Lamba != Lambani */
-  {"laz",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Aribwatsa != Laz */
-  {"lb",	HB_TAG('L','T','Z',' ')},	/* Luxembourgish */
-  {"lbe",	HB_TAG('L','A','K',' ')},	/* Lak */
-  {"lbj",	HB_TAG('L','D','K',' ')},	/* Ladakhi */
-  {"lbl",	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Libon Bikol -> Bikol */
-  {"lce",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Loncong -> Malay */
-  {"lcf",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Lubu -> Malay */
-  {"ldi",	HB_TAG('K','O','N','0')},	/* Laari -> Kongo */
-  {"ldk",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Leelau != Ladakhi */
-/*{"lef",	HB_TAG('L','E','F',' ')},*/	/* Lelemi */
-/*{"lez",	HB_TAG('L','E','Z',' ')},*/	/* Lezghian -> Lezgi */
-  {"lg",	HB_TAG('L','U','G',' ')},	/* Ganda */
-  {"li",	HB_TAG('L','I','M',' ')},	/* Limburgish */
-  {"lif",	HB_TAG('L','M','B',' ')},	/* Limbu */
-/*{"lij",	HB_TAG('L','I','J',' ')},*/	/* Ligurian */
-  {"lir",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Liberian English -> Creoles */
-/*{"lis",	HB_TAG('L','I','S',' ')},*/	/* Lisu */
-  {"liw",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Col -> Malay */
-  {"liy",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Banda-Bambari -> Banda */
-/*{"ljp",	HB_TAG('L','J','P',' ')},*/	/* Lampung Api -> Lampung */
-  {"lkb",	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Kabras -> Luyia */
-/*{"lki",	HB_TAG('L','K','I',' ')},*/	/* Laki */
-  {"lko",	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Khayo -> Luyia */
-  {"lks",	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Kisa -> Luyia */
-  {"lld",	HB_TAG('L','A','D',' ')},	/* Ladin */
-  {"lma",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* East Limba != Low Mari */
-  {"lmb",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Merei != Limbu */
-  {"lmn",	HB_TAG('L','A','M',' ')},	/* Lambadi -> Lambani */
-/*{"lmo",	HB_TAG('L','M','O',' ')},*/	/* Lombard */
-  {"lmw",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Lake Miwok != Lomwe */
-  {"ln",	HB_TAG('L','I','N',' ')},	/* Lingala */
-  {"lna",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Langbashe -> Banda */
-  {"lnl",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* South Central Banda -> Banda */
-  {"lo",	HB_TAG('L','A','O',' ')},	/* Lao */
-/*{"lom",	HB_TAG('L','O','M',' ')},*/	/* Loma (Liberia) */
-  {"lou",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Louisiana Creole -> Creoles */
-/*{"lpo",	HB_TAG('L','P','O',' ')},*/	/* Lipo */
-/*{"lrc",	HB_TAG('L','R','C',' ')},*/	/* Northern Luri -> Luri */
-  {"lri",	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Marachi -> Luyia */
-  {"lrm",	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Marama -> Luyia */
-  {"lrt",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Larantuka Malay -> Creoles */
-  {"lsb",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Burundian Sign Language != Lower Sorbian */
-  {"lsm",	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Saamia -> Luyia */
-  {"lt",	HB_TAG('L','T','H',' ')},	/* Lithuanian */
-  {"ltg",	HB_TAG('L','V','I',' ')},	/* Latgalian -> Latvian */
-  {"lth",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Thur != Lithuanian */
-  {"lto",	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Tsotso -> Luyia */
-  {"lts",	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Tachoni -> Luyia */
-  {"lu",	HB_TAG('L','U','B',' ')},	/* Luba-Katanga */
-/*{"lua",	HB_TAG('L','U','A',' ')},*/	/* Luba-Lulua */
-/*{"luo",	HB_TAG('L','U','O',' ')},*/	/* Luo (Kenya and Tanzania) */
-  {"lus",	HB_TAG('M','I','Z',' ')},	/* Lushai -> Mizo */
-  {"lus",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Lushai -> Chin */
-  {"luy",	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Luyia [macrolanguage] */
-  {"luz",	HB_TAG('L','R','C',' ')},	/* Southern Luri -> Luri */
-  {"lv",	HB_TAG('L','V','I',' ')},	/* Latvian [macrolanguage] */
-  {"lvi",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Lavi != Latvian */
-  {"lvs",	HB_TAG('L','V','I',' ')},	/* Standard Latvian -> Latvian */
-  {"lwg",	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Wanga -> Luyia */
-  {"lzh",	HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ')},	/* Literary Chinese -> Chinese, Traditional */
-  {"lzz",	HB_TAG('L','A','Z',' ')},	/* Laz */
-/*{"mad",	HB_TAG('M','A','D',' ')},*/	/* Madurese -> Madura */
-/*{"mag",	HB_TAG('M','A','G',' ')},*/	/* Magahi */
-  {"mai",	HB_TAG('M','T','H',' ')},	/* Maithili */
-  {"maj",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Jalapa De Díaz Mazatec != Majang */
-  {"mak",	HB_TAG('M','K','R',' ')},	/* Makasar */
-  {"mam",	HB_TAG('M','A','M',' ')},	/* Mam */
-  {"mam",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Mam -> Mayan */
-  {"man",	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Mandingo [macrolanguage] -> Maninka */
-  {"map",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Austronesian [collection] != Mapudungun */
-  {"maw",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Mampruli != Marwari */
-  {"max",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* North Moluccan Malay -> Malay */
-  {"max",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* North Moluccan Malay -> Creoles */
-  {"mbf",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Baba Malay -> Creoles */
-  {"mbn",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Macaguán != Mbundu */
-/*{"mbo",	HB_TAG('M','B','O',' ')},*/	/* Mbo (Cameroon) */
-  {"mch",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Maquiritari != Manchu */
-  {"mcm",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Malaccan Creole Portuguese -> Creoles */
-  {"mcr",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Menya != Moose Cree */
-  {"mct",	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Mengisa -> Beti */
-  {"mde",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Maba (Chad) != Mende */
-  {"mdf",	HB_TAG('M','O','K',' ')},	/* Moksha */
-/*{"mdr",	HB_TAG('M','D','R',' ')},*/	/* Mandar */
-  {"mdy",	HB_TAG('M','L','E',' ')},	/* Male (Ethiopia) */
-  {"men",	HB_TAG('M','D','E',' ')},	/* Mende (Sierra Leone) */
-  {"meo",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Kedah Malay -> Malay */
-/*{"mer",	HB_TAG('M','E','R',' ')},*/	/* Meru */
-  {"mfa",	HB_TAG('M','F','A',' ')},	/* Pattani Malay */
-  {"mfa",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Pattani Malay -> Malay */
-  {"mfb",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Bangka -> Malay */
-  {"mfe",	HB_TAG('M','F','E',' ')},	/* Morisyen */
-  {"mfe",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Morisyen -> Creoles */
-  {"mfp",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Makassar Malay -> Creoles */
-  {"mg",	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Malagasy [macrolanguage] */
-  {"mh",	HB_TAG('M','A','H',' ')},	/* Marshallese */
-  {"mhc",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Mocho -> Mayan */
-  {"mhr",	HB_TAG('L','M','A',' ')},	/* Eastern Mari -> Low Mari */
-  {"mhv",	HB_TAG('A','R','K',' ')},	/* Arakanese (retired code) -> Rakhine */
-  {"mi",	HB_TAG('M','R','I',' ')},	/* Maori */
-  {"min",	HB_TAG('M','I','N',' ')},	/* Minangkabau */
-  {"min",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Minangkabau -> Malay */
-  {"miz",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Coatzospan Mixtec != Mizo */
-  {"mk",	HB_TAG('M','K','D',' ')},	/* Macedonian */
-  {"mkn",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Kupang Malay -> Creoles */
-  {"mkr",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Malas != Makasar */
-  {"mku",	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Konyanka Maninka -> Maninka */
-/*{"mkw",	HB_TAG('M','K','W',' ')},*/	/* Kituba (Congo) */
-  {"ml",	HB_TAG('M','A','L',' ')},	/* Malayalam -> Malayalam Traditional */
-  {"ml",	HB_TAG('M','L','R',' ')},	/* Malayalam -> Malayalam Reformed */
-  {"mle",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Manambu != Male */
-  {"mln",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Malango != Malinke */
-  {"mlq",	HB_TAG('M','L','N',' ')},	/* Western Maninkakan -> Malinke */
-  {"mlq",	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Western Maninkakan -> Maninka */
-  {"mlr",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Vame != Malayalam Reformed */
-  {"mmr",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Western Xiangxi Miao -> Hmong */
-  {"mn",	HB_TAG('M','N','G',' ')},	/* Mongolian [macrolanguage] */
-  {"mnc",	HB_TAG('M','C','H',' ')},	/* Manchu */
-  {"mnd",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Mondé != Mandinka */
-  {"mng",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Eastern Mnong != Mongolian */
-  {"mnh",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Mono (Democratic Republic of Congo) -> Banda */
-/*{"mni",	HB_TAG('M','N','I',' ')},*/	/* Manipuri */
-  {"mnk",	HB_TAG('M','N','D',' ')},	/* Mandinka */
-  {"mnk",	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Mandinka -> Maninka */
-  {"mnp",	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Min Bei Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
-  {"mns",	HB_TAG('M','A','N',' ')},	/* Mansi */
-  {"mnw",	HB_TAG('M','O','N',' ')},	/* Mon */
-  {"mnw",	HB_TAG('M','O','N','T')},	/* Mon -> Thailand Mon */
-  {"mnx",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Manikion != Manx */
-  {"mo",	HB_TAG('M','O','L',' ')},	/* Moldavian (retired code) */
-  {"mo",	HB_TAG('R','O','M',' ')},	/* Moldavian (retired code) -> Romanian */
-  {"mod",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Mobilian -> Creoles */
-/*{"moh",	HB_TAG('M','O','H',' ')},*/	/* Mohawk */
-  {"mok",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Morori != Moksha */
-  {"mop",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Mopán Maya -> Mayan */
-  {"mor",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Moro != Moroccan */
-/*{"mos",	HB_TAG('M','O','S',' ')},*/	/* Mossi */
-  {"mpe",	HB_TAG('M','A','J',' ')},	/* Majang */
-  {"mqg",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Kota Bangun Kutai Malay -> Malay */
-  {"mr",	HB_TAG('M','A','R',' ')},	/* Marathi */
-  {"mrh",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Mara Chin -> Chin */
-  {"mrj",	HB_TAG('H','M','A',' ')},	/* Western Mari -> High Mari */
-  {"ms",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Malay [macrolanguage] */
-  {"msc",	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Sankaran Maninka -> Maninka */
-  {"msh",	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Masikoro Malagasy -> Malagasy */
-  {"msi",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Sabah Malay -> Malay */
-  {"msi",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Sabah Malay -> Creoles */
-  {"mt",	HB_TAG('M','T','S',' ')},	/* Maltese */
-  {"mth",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Munggui != Maithili */
-  {"mtr",	HB_TAG('M','A','W',' ')},	/* Mewari -> Marwari */
-  {"mts",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Yora != Maltese */
-  {"mud",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Mednyj Aleut -> Creoles */
-  {"mui",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Musi -> Malay */
-  {"mun",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Munda [collection] != Mundari */
-  {"mup",	HB_TAG('R','A','J',' ')},	/* Malvi -> Rajasthani */
-  {"muq",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Eastern Xiangxi Miao -> Hmong */
-/*{"mus",	HB_TAG('M','U','S',' ')},*/	/* Creek -> Muscogee */
-  {"mvb",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Mattole -> Athapaskan */
-  {"mve",	HB_TAG('M','A','W',' ')},	/* Marwari (Pakistan) */
-  {"mvf",	HB_TAG('M','N','G',' ')},	/* Peripheral Mongolian -> Mongolian */
-  {"mwk",	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Kita Maninkakan -> Maninka */
-/*{"mwl",	HB_TAG('M','W','L',' ')},*/	/* Mirandese */
-  {"mwq",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Mün Chin -> Chin */
-  {"mwr",	HB_TAG('M','A','W',' ')},	/* Marwari [macrolanguage] */
-  {"mww",	HB_TAG('M','W','W',' ')},	/* Hmong Daw */
-  {"mww",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Hmong Daw -> Hmong */
-  {"my",	HB_TAG('B','R','M',' ')},	/* Burmese */
-  {"mym",	HB_TAG('M','E','N',' ')},	/* Me’en */
-/*{"myn",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},*/	/* Mayan [collection] */
-  {"myq",	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Forest Maninka (retired code) -> Maninka */
-  {"myv",	HB_TAG('E','R','Z',' ')},	/* Erzya */
-  {"mzb",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tumzabt -> Berber */
-/*{"mzn",	HB_TAG('M','Z','N',' ')},*/	/* Mazanderani */
-  {"mzs",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Macanese -> Creoles */
-  {"na",	HB_TAG('N','A','U',' ')},	/* Nauru -> Nauruan */
-  {"nag",	HB_TAG('N','A','G',' ')},	/* Naga Pidgin -> Naga-Assamese */
-  {"nag",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Naga Pidgin -> Creoles */
-/*{"nah",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},*/	/* Nahuatl [collection] */
-  {"nan",	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Min Nan Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
-/*{"nap",	HB_TAG('N','A','P',' ')},*/	/* Neapolitan */
-  {"nas",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Naasioi != Naskapi */
-  {"naz",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Coatepec Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nb",	HB_TAG('N','O','R',' ')},	/* Norwegian Bokmål -> Norwegian */
-  {"nch",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Central Huasteca Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nci",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Classical Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"ncj",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Northern Puebla Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"ncl",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Michoacán Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"ncr",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Ncane != N-Cree */
-  {"ncx",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Central Puebla Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nd",	HB_TAG('N','D','B',' ')},	/* North Ndebele -> Ndebele */
-  {"ndb",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kenswei Nsei != Ndebele */
-/*{"ndc",	HB_TAG('N','D','C',' ')},*/	/* Ndau */
-  {"ndg",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Ndengereko != Ndonga */
-/*{"nds",	HB_TAG('N','D','S',' ')},*/	/* Low Saxon */
-  {"ne",	HB_TAG('N','E','P',' ')},	/* Nepali [macrolanguage] */
-  {"nef",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Nefamese -> Creoles */
-/*{"new",	HB_TAG('N','E','W',' ')},*/	/* Newari */
-  {"ng",	HB_TAG('N','D','G',' ')},	/* Ndonga */
-/*{"nga",	HB_TAG('N','G','A',' ')},*/	/* Ngbaka */
-  {"ngl",	HB_TAG('L','M','W',' ')},	/* Lomwe */
-  {"ngm",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Ngatik Men's Creole -> Creoles */
-  {"ngo",	HB_TAG('S','X','T',' ')},	/* Ngoni (retired code) -> Sutu */
-  {"ngr",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Engdewu != Nagari */
-  {"ngu",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Guerrero Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nhc",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Tabasco Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nhd",	HB_TAG('G','U','A',' ')},	/* Chiripá -> Guarani */
-  {"nhe",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nhg",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Tetelcingo Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nhi",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Zacatlán-Ahuacatlán-Tepetzintla Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nhk",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Isthmus-Cosoleacaque Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nhm",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Morelos Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nhn",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Central Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nhp",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Isthmus-Pajapan Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nhq",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Huaxcaleca Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nht",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Ometepec Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nhv",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Temascaltepec Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nhw",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Western Huasteca Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nhx",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Isthmus-Mecayapan Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nhy",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Northern Oaxaca Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nhz",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Santa María La Alta Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"niq",	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Nandi -> Kalenjin */
-  {"nis",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Nimi != Nisi */
-/*{"niu",	HB_TAG('N','I','U',' ')},*/	/* Niuean */
-  {"niv",	HB_TAG('G','I','L',' ')},	/* Gilyak */
-  {"njt",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin -> Creoles */
-  {"njz",	HB_TAG('N','I','S',' ')},	/* Nyishi -> Nisi */
-  {"nko",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Nkonya != N’Ko */
-  {"nkx",	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Nkoroo -> Ijo */
-  {"nl",	HB_TAG('N','L','D',' ')},	/* Dutch */
-  {"nla",	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Ngombale -> Bamileke */
-  {"nle",	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* East Nyala -> Luyia */
-  {"nln",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Durango Nahuatl (retired code) -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nlv",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Orizaba Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nn",	HB_TAG('N','Y','N',' ')},	/* Norwegian Nynorsk (Nynorsk, Norwegian) */
-  {"nnh",	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Ngiemboon -> Bamileke */
-  {"nnz",	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Nda'nda' -> Bamileke */
-  {"no",	HB_TAG('N','O','R',' ')},	/* Norwegian [macrolanguage] */
-  {"nod",	HB_TAG('N','T','A',' ')},	/* Northern Thai -> Northern Tai */
-/*{"noe",	HB_TAG('N','O','E',' ')},*/	/* Nimadi */
-/*{"nog",	HB_TAG('N','O','G',' ')},*/	/* Nogai */
-/*{"nov",	HB_TAG('N','O','V',' ')},*/	/* Novial */
-  {"npi",	HB_TAG('N','E','P',' ')},	/* Nepali */
-  {"npl",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Southeastern Puebla Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nqo",	HB_TAG('N','K','O',' ')},	/* N’Ko */
-  {"nr",	HB_TAG('N','D','B',' ')},	/* South Ndebele -> Ndebele */
-  {"nsk",	HB_TAG('N','A','S',' ')},	/* Naskapi */
-  {"nsm",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Sumi Naga != Northern Sami */
-/*{"nso",	HB_TAG('N','S','O',' ')},*/	/* Northern Sotho */
-  {"nsu",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Sierra Negra Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nto",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Ntomba != Esperanto */
-  {"nue",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Ngundu -> Banda */
-  {"nuu",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Ngbundu -> Banda */
-  {"nuz",	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Tlamacazapa Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
-  {"nv",	HB_TAG('N','A','V',' ')},	/* Navajo */
-  {"nv",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Navajo -> Athapaskan */
-  {"nwe",	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Ngwe -> Bamileke */
-  {"ny",	HB_TAG('C','H','I',' ')},	/* Chichewa (Chewa, Nyanja) */
-  {"nyd",	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Nyore -> Luyia */
-/*{"nym",	HB_TAG('N','Y','M',' ')},*/	/* Nyamwezi */
-  {"nyn",	HB_TAG('N','K','L',' ')},	/* Nyankole */
-/*{"nza",	HB_TAG('N','Z','A',' ')},*/	/* Tigon Mbembe -> Mbembe Tigon */
-  {"oc",	HB_TAG('O','C','I',' ')},	/* Occitan (post 1500) */
-  {"oj",	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},	/* Ojibwa [macrolanguage] -> Ojibway */
-/*{"ojb",	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},*/	/* Northwestern Ojibwa -> Ojibway */
-  {"ojc",	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},	/* Central Ojibwa -> Ojibway */
-  {"ojg",	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},	/* Eastern Ojibwa -> Ojibway */
-  {"ojs",	HB_TAG('O','C','R',' ')},	/* Severn Ojibwa -> Oji-Cree */
-  {"ojs",	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},	/* Severn Ojibwa -> Ojibway */
-  {"ojw",	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},	/* Western Ojibwa -> Ojibway */
-  {"okd",	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Okodia -> Ijo */
-  {"oki",	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Okiek -> Kalenjin */
-  {"okm",	HB_TAG('K','O','H',' ')},	/* Middle Korean (10th-16th cent.) -> Korean Old Hangul */
-  {"okr",	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Kirike -> Ijo */
-  {"om",	HB_TAG('O','R','O',' ')},	/* Oromo [macrolanguage] */
-  {"onx",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Onin Based Pidgin -> Creoles */
-  {"oor",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Oorlams -> Creoles */
-  {"or",	HB_TAG('O','R','I',' ')},	/* Odia (formerly Oriya) [macrolanguage] */
-  {"orc",	HB_TAG('O','R','O',' ')},	/* Orma -> Oromo */
-  {"orn",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Orang Kanaq -> Malay */
-  {"oro",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Orokolo != Oromo */
-  {"orr",	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Oruma -> Ijo */
-  {"ors",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Orang Seletar -> Malay */
-  {"ory",	HB_TAG('O','R','I',' ')},	/* Odia (formerly Oriya) */
-  {"os",	HB_TAG('O','S','S',' ')},	/* Ossetian */
-  {"otw",	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},	/* Ottawa -> Ojibway */
-  {"oua",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tagargrent -> Berber */
-  {"pa",	HB_TAG('P','A','N',' ')},	/* Punjabi */
-  {"paa",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Papuan [collection] != Palestinian Aramaic */
-/*{"pag",	HB_TAG('P','A','G',' ')},*/	/* Pangasinan */
-  {"pal",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Pahlavi != Pali */
-/*{"pam",	HB_TAG('P','A','M',' ')},*/	/* Pampanga -> Pampangan */
-  {"pap",	HB_TAG('P','A','P','0')},	/* Papiamento -> Papiamentu */
-  {"pap",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Papiamento -> Creoles */
-  {"pas",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Papasena != Pashto */
-/*{"pau",	HB_TAG('P','A','U',' ')},*/	/* Palauan */
-  {"pbt",	HB_TAG('P','A','S',' ')},	/* Southern Pashto -> Pashto */
-  {"pbu",	HB_TAG('P','A','S',' ')},	/* Northern Pashto -> Pashto */
-/*{"pcc",	HB_TAG('P','C','C',' ')},*/	/* Bouyei */
-/*{"pcd",	HB_TAG('P','C','D',' ')},*/	/* Picard */
-  {"pce",	HB_TAG('P','L','G',' ')},	/* Ruching Palaung -> Palaung */
-  {"pck",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Paite Chin -> Chin */
-  {"pcm",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Nigerian Pidgin -> Creoles */
-/*{"pdc",	HB_TAG('P','D','C',' ')},*/	/* Pennsylvania German */
-  {"pdu",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Kayan -> Karen */
-  {"pea",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Peranakan Indonesian -> Creoles */
-  {"pel",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Pekal -> Malay */
-  {"pes",	HB_TAG('F','A','R',' ')},	/* Iranian Persian -> Persian */
-  {"pey",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Petjo -> Creoles */
-  {"pga",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Sudanese Creole Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"pga",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Sudanese Creole Arabic -> Creoles */
-/*{"phk",	HB_TAG('P','H','K',' ')},*/	/* Phake */
-  {"pi",	HB_TAG('P','A','L',' ')},	/* Pali */
-  {"pih",	HB_TAG('P','I','H',' ')},	/* Pitcairn-Norfolk -> Norfolk */
-  {"pih",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Pitcairn-Norfolk -> Creoles */
-  {"pil",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Yom != Filipino */
-  {"pis",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Pijin -> Creoles */
-  {"pkh",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Pankhu -> Chin */
-  {"pko",	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Pökoot -> Kalenjin */
-  {"pl",	HB_TAG('P','L','K',' ')},	/* Polish */
-  {"plg",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Pilagá != Palaung */
-  {"plk",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kohistani Shina != Polish */
-  {"pll",	HB_TAG('P','L','G',' ')},	/* Shwe Palaung -> Palaung */
-  {"pln",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Palenquero -> Creoles */
-  {"plp",	HB_TAG('P','A','P',' ')},	/* Palpa (retired code) */
-  {"plt",	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Plateau Malagasy -> Malagasy */
-  {"pml",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Lingua Franca -> Creoles */
-/*{"pms",	HB_TAG('P','M','S',' ')},*/	/* Piemontese */
-  {"pmy",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Papuan Malay -> Creoles */
-/*{"pnb",	HB_TAG('P','N','B',' ')},*/	/* Western Panjabi */
-  {"poc",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Poqomam -> Mayan */
-  {"poh",	HB_TAG('P','O','H',' ')},	/* Poqomchi' -> Pocomchi */
-  {"poh",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Poqomchi' -> Mayan */
-/*{"pon",	HB_TAG('P','O','N',' ')},*/	/* Pohnpeian */
-  {"pov",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Upper Guinea Crioulo -> Creoles */
-  {"ppa",	HB_TAG('B','A','G',' ')},	/* Pao (retired code) -> Baghelkhandi */
-  {"pre",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Principense -> Creoles */
-/*{"pro",	HB_TAG('P','R','O',' ')},*/	/* Old Provençal (to 1500) -> Provençal / Old Provençal */
-  {"prs",	HB_TAG('D','R','I',' ')},	/* Dari */
-  {"prs",	HB_TAG('F','A','R',' ')},	/* Dari -> Persian */
-  {"ps",	HB_TAG('P','A','S',' ')},	/* Pashto [macrolanguage] */
-  {"pse",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Central Malay -> Malay */
-  {"pst",	HB_TAG('P','A','S',' ')},	/* Central Pashto -> Pashto */
-  {"pt",	HB_TAG('P','T','G',' ')},	/* Portuguese */
-  {"pub",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Purum -> Chin */
-  {"puz",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Purum Naga (retired code) -> Chin */
-  {"pwo",	HB_TAG('P','W','O',' ')},	/* Pwo Western Karen -> Western Pwo Karen */
-  {"pwo",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Pwo Western Karen -> Karen */
-  {"pww",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Pwo Northern Karen -> Karen */
-  {"qu",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Quechua [macrolanguage] */
-  {"qub",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Huallaga Huánuco Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qub",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Huallaga Huánuco Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"quc",	HB_TAG('Q','U','C',' ')},	/* K’iche’ */
-  {"quc",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* K'iche' -> Mayan */
-  {"qud",	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Calderón Highland Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
-  {"qud",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Calderón Highland Quichua -> Quechua */
-  {"quf",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Lambayeque Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qug",	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Chimborazo Highland Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
-  {"qug",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Chimborazo Highland Quichua -> Quechua */
-  {"quh",	HB_TAG('Q','U','H',' ')},	/* South Bolivian Quechua -> Quechua (Bolivia) */
-  {"quh",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* South Bolivian Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"quk",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Chachapoyas Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qul",	HB_TAG('Q','U','H',' ')},	/* North Bolivian Quechua -> Quechua (Bolivia) */
-  {"qul",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* North Bolivian Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qum",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Sipacapense -> Mayan */
-  {"qup",	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Southern Pastaza Quechua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
-  {"qup",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Southern Pastaza Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qur",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Yanahuanca Pasco Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qur",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Yanahuanca Pasco Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qus",	HB_TAG('Q','U','H',' ')},	/* Santiago del Estero Quichua -> Quechua (Bolivia) */
-  {"qus",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Santiago del Estero Quichua -> Quechua */
-  {"quv",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Sacapulteco -> Mayan */
-  {"quw",	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Tena Lowland Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
-  {"quw",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Tena Lowland Quichua -> Quechua */
-  {"qux",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Yauyos Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qux",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Yauyos Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"quy",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Ayacucho Quechua -> Quechua */
-/*{"quz",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},*/	/* Cusco Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qva",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Ambo-Pasco Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qva",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Ambo-Pasco Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qvc",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Cajamarca Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qve",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Eastern Apurímac Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qvh",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Huamalíes-Dos de Mayo Huánuco Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qvh",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Huamalíes-Dos de Mayo Huánuco Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qvi",	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Imbabura Highland Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
-  {"qvi",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Imbabura Highland Quichua -> Quechua */
-  {"qvj",	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Loja Highland Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
-  {"qvj",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Loja Highland Quichua -> Quechua */
-  {"qvl",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Cajatambo North Lima Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qvl",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Cajatambo North Lima Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qvm",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Margos-Yarowilca-Lauricocha Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qvm",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Margos-Yarowilca-Lauricocha Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qvn",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* North Junín Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qvn",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* North Junín Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qvo",	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Napo Lowland Quechua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
-  {"qvo",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Napo Lowland Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qvp",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Pacaraos Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qvp",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Pacaraos Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qvs",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* San Martín Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qvw",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Huaylla Wanca Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qvw",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Huaylla Wanca Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qvz",	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Northern Pastaza Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
-  {"qvz",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Northern Pastaza Quichua -> Quechua */
-  {"qwa",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Corongo Ancash Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qwa",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Corongo Ancash Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qwc",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Classical Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qwh",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Huaylas Ancash Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qwh",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Huaylas Ancash Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qws",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Sihuas Ancash Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qws",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Sihuas Ancash Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qwt",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Kwalhioqua-Tlatskanai -> Athapaskan */
-  {"qxa",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Chiquián Ancash Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qxa",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Chiquián Ancash Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qxc",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Chincha Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qxc",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Chincha Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qxh",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Panao Huánuco Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qxh",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Panao Huánuco Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qxl",	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Salasaca Highland Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
-  {"qxl",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Salasaca Highland Quichua -> Quechua */
-  {"qxn",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Northern Conchucos Ancash Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qxn",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Northern Conchucos Ancash Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qxo",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Southern Conchucos Ancash Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qxo",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Southern Conchucos Ancash Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qxp",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Puno Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qxr",	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Cañar Highland Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
-  {"qxr",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Cañar Highland Quichua -> Quechua */
-  {"qxt",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Santa Ana de Tusi Pasco Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qxt",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Santa Ana de Tusi Pasco Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qxu",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Arequipa-La Unión Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"qxw",	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Jauja Wanca Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
-  {"qxw",	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Jauja Wanca Quechua -> Quechua */
-  {"rag",	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Logooli -> Luyia */
-/*{"raj",	HB_TAG('R','A','J',' ')},*/	/* Rajasthani [macrolanguage] */
-  {"ral",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Ralte -> Chin */
-/*{"rar",	HB_TAG('R','A','R',' ')},*/	/* Rarotongan */
-  {"rbb",	HB_TAG('P','L','G',' ')},	/* Rumai Palaung -> Palaung */
-  {"rbl",	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Miraya Bikol -> Bikol */
-  {"rcf",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Réunion Creole French -> Creoles */
-/*{"rej",	HB_TAG('R','E','J',' ')},*/	/* Rejang */
-/*{"rhg",	HB_TAG('R','H','G',' ')},*/	/* Rohingya */
-/*{"ria",	HB_TAG('R','I','A',' ')},*/	/* Riang (India) */
-  {"rif",	HB_TAG('R','I','F',' ')},	/* Tarifit */
-  {"rif",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tarifit -> Berber */
-/*{"rit",	HB_TAG('R','I','T',' ')},*/	/* Ritharrngu -> Ritarungo */
-  {"rki",	HB_TAG('A','R','K',' ')},	/* Rakhine */
-/*{"rkw",	HB_TAG('R','K','W',' ')},*/	/* Arakwal */
-  {"rm",	HB_TAG('R','M','S',' ')},	/* Romansh */
-  {"rmc",	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Carpathian Romani -> Romany */
-  {"rmf",	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Kalo Finnish Romani -> Romany */
-  {"rml",	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Baltic Romani -> Romany */
-  {"rmn",	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Balkan Romani -> Romany */
-  {"rmo",	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Sinte Romani -> Romany */
-  {"rms",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Romanian Sign Language != Romansh */
-  {"rmw",	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Welsh Romani -> Romany */
-  {"rmy",	HB_TAG('R','M','Y',' ')},	/* Vlax Romani */
-  {"rmy",	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Vlax Romani -> Romany */
-  {"rmz",	HB_TAG('A','R','K',' ')},	/* Marma -> Rakhine */
-  {"rn",	HB_TAG('R','U','N',' ')},	/* Rundi */
-  {"ro",	HB_TAG('R','O','M',' ')},	/* Romanian */
-  {"rom",	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Romany [macrolanguage] */
-  {"rop",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Kriol -> Creoles */
-  {"rtc",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Rungtu Chin -> Chin */
-/*{"rtm",	HB_TAG('R','T','M',' ')},*/	/* Rotuman */
-  {"ru",	HB_TAG('R','U','S',' ')},	/* Russian */
-  {"rue",	HB_TAG('R','S','Y',' ')},	/* Rusyn */
-/*{"rup",	HB_TAG('R','U','P',' ')},*/	/* Aromanian */
-  {"rw",	HB_TAG('R','U','A',' ')},	/* Kinyarwanda */
-  {"rwr",	HB_TAG('M','A','W',' ')},	/* Marwari (India) */
-  {"sa",	HB_TAG('S','A','N',' ')},	/* Sanskrit */
-  {"sad",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Sandawe != Sadri */
-  {"sah",	HB_TAG('Y','A','K',' ')},	/* Yakut -> Sakha */
-  {"sam",	HB_TAG('P','A','A',' ')},	/* Samaritan Aramaic -> Palestinian Aramaic */
-/*{"sas",	HB_TAG('S','A','S',' ')},*/	/* Sasak */
-/*{"sat",	HB_TAG('S','A','T',' ')},*/	/* Santali */
-  {"say",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Saya != Sayisi */
-  {"sc",	HB_TAG('S','R','D',' ')},	/* Sardinian [macrolanguage] */
-  {"scf",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* San Miguel Creole French -> Creoles */
-  {"sch",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Sakachep -> Chin */
-  {"sci",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Sri Lankan Creole Malay -> Creoles */
-  {"sck",	HB_TAG('S','A','D',' ')},	/* Sadri */
-/*{"scn",	HB_TAG('S','C','N',' ')},*/	/* Sicilian */
-/*{"sco",	HB_TAG('S','C','O',' ')},*/	/* Scots */
-  {"scs",	HB_TAG('S','C','S',' ')},	/* North Slavey */
-  {"scs",	HB_TAG('S','L','A',' ')},	/* North Slavey -> Slavey */
-  {"scs",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* North Slavey -> Athapaskan */
-  {"sd",	HB_TAG('S','N','D',' ')},	/* Sindhi */
-  {"sdc",	HB_TAG('S','R','D',' ')},	/* Sassarese Sardinian -> Sardinian */
-  {"sdh",	HB_TAG('K','U','R',' ')},	/* Southern Kurdish -> Kurdish */
-  {"sdn",	HB_TAG('S','R','D',' ')},	/* Gallurese Sardinian -> Sardinian */
-  {"sds",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Sened -> Berber */
-  {"se",	HB_TAG('N','S','M',' ')},	/* Northern Sami */
-  {"seh",	HB_TAG('S','N','A',' ')},	/* Sena */
-  {"sek",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Sekani -> Athapaskan */
-/*{"sel",	HB_TAG('S','E','L',' ')},*/	/* Selkup */
-  {"sez",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Senthang Chin -> Chin */
-  {"sfm",	HB_TAG('S','F','M',' ')},	/* Small Flowery Miao */
-  {"sfm",	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Small Flowery Miao -> Hmong */
-  {"sg",	HB_TAG('S','G','O',' ')},	/* Sango */
-/*{"sga",	HB_TAG('S','G','A',' ')},*/	/* Old Irish (to 900) */
-  {"sgc",	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Kipsigis -> Kalenjin */
-  {"sgo",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Songa (retired code) != Sango */
-/*{"sgs",	HB_TAG('S','G','S',' ')},*/	/* Samogitian */
-  {"sgw",	HB_TAG('C','H','G',' ')},	/* Sebat Bet Gurage -> Chaha Gurage */
-  {"sh",	HB_TAG('B','O','S',' ')},	/* Serbo-Croatian [macrolanguage] -> Bosnian */
-  {"sh",	HB_TAG('H','R','V',' ')},	/* Serbo-Croatian [macrolanguage] -> Croatian */
-  {"sh",	HB_TAG('S','R','B',' ')},	/* Serbo-Croatian [macrolanguage] -> Serbian */
-  {"shi",	HB_TAG('S','H','I',' ')},	/* Tachelhit */
-  {"shi",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tachelhit -> Berber */
-  {"shl",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Shendu -> Chin */
-/*{"shn",	HB_TAG('S','H','N',' ')},*/	/* Shan */
-  {"shu",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Chadian Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"shy",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tachawit -> Berber */
-  {"si",	HB_TAG('S','N','H',' ')},	/* Sinhala (Sinhalese) */
-  {"sib",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Sebop != Sibe */
-/*{"sid",	HB_TAG('S','I','D',' ')},*/	/* Sidamo */
-  {"sig",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Paasaal != Silte Gurage */
-  {"siz",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Siwi -> Berber */
-  {"sjd",	HB_TAG('K','S','M',' ')},	/* Kildin Sami */
-  {"sjo",	HB_TAG('S','I','B',' ')},	/* Xibe -> Sibe */
-  {"sjs",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Senhaja De Srair -> Berber */
-  {"sk",	HB_TAG('S','K','Y',' ')},	/* Slovak */
-  {"skg",	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Sakalava Malagasy -> Malagasy */
-  {"skr",	HB_TAG('S','R','K',' ')},	/* Saraiki */
-  {"sks",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Maia != Skolt Sami */
-  {"skw",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Skepi Creole Dutch -> Creoles */
-  {"sky",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Sikaiana != Slovak */
-  {"sl",	HB_TAG('S','L','V',' ')},	/* Slovenian */
-  {"sla",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Slavic [collection] != Slavey */
-  {"sm",	HB_TAG('S','M','O',' ')},	/* Samoan */
-  {"sma",	HB_TAG('S','S','M',' ')},	/* Southern Sami */
-  {"smd",	HB_TAG('M','B','N',' ')},	/* Sama (retired code) -> Mbundu */
-  {"smj",	HB_TAG('L','S','M',' ')},	/* Lule Sami */
-  {"sml",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Central Sama != Somali */
-  {"smn",	HB_TAG('I','S','M',' ')},	/* Inari Sami */
-  {"sms",	HB_TAG('S','K','S',' ')},	/* Skolt Sami */
-  {"smt",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Simte -> Chin */
-  {"sn",	HB_TAG('S','N','A','0')},	/* Shona */
-  {"snb",	HB_TAG('I','B','A',' ')},	/* Sebuyau (retired code) -> Iban */
-  {"snh",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Shinabo (retired code) != Sinhala (Sinhalese) */
-/*{"snk",	HB_TAG('S','N','K',' ')},*/	/* Soninke */
-  {"so",	HB_TAG('S','M','L',' ')},	/* Somali */
-  {"sog",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Sogdian != Sodo Gurage */
-/*{"sop",	HB_TAG('S','O','P',' ')},*/	/* Songe */
-  {"spv",	HB_TAG('O','R','I',' ')},	/* Sambalpuri -> Odia (formerly Oriya) */
-  {"spy",	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Sabaot -> Kalenjin */
-  {"sq",	HB_TAG('S','Q','I',' ')},	/* Albanian [macrolanguage] */
-  {"sr",	HB_TAG('S','R','B',' ')},	/* Serbian */
-  {"srb",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Sora != Serbian */
-  {"src",	HB_TAG('S','R','D',' ')},	/* Logudorese Sardinian -> Sardinian */
-  {"srk",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Serudung Murut != Saraiki */
-  {"srm",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Saramaccan -> Creoles */
-  {"srn",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Sranan Tongo -> Creoles */
-  {"sro",	HB_TAG('S','R','D',' ')},	/* Campidanese Sardinian -> Sardinian */
-/*{"srr",	HB_TAG('S','R','R',' ')},*/	/* Serer */
-  {"srs",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Sarsi -> Athapaskan */
-  {"ss",	HB_TAG('S','W','Z',' ')},	/* Swati */
-  {"ssh",	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Shihhi Arabic -> Arabic */
-  {"ssl",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Western Sisaala != South Slavey */
-  {"ssm",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Semnam != Southern Sami */
-  {"st",	HB_TAG('S','O','T',' ')},	/* Southern Sotho */
-  {"sta",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Settla -> Creoles */
-/*{"stq",	HB_TAG('S','T','Q',' ')},*/	/* Saterfriesisch -> Saterland Frisian */
-  {"stv",	HB_TAG('S','I','G',' ')},	/* Silt'e -> Silte Gurage */
-  {"su",	HB_TAG('S','U','N',' ')},	/* Sundanese */
-/*{"suk",	HB_TAG('S','U','K',' ')},*/	/* Sukuma */
-  {"suq",	HB_TAG('S','U','R',' ')},	/* Suri */
-  {"sur",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Mwaghavul != Suri */
-  {"sv",	HB_TAG('S','V','E',' ')},	/* Swedish */
-/*{"sva",	HB_TAG('S','V','A',' ')},*/	/* Svan */
-  {"svc",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Vincentian Creole English -> Creoles */
-  {"sve",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Serili != Swedish */
-  {"sw",	HB_TAG('S','W','K',' ')},	/* Swahili [macrolanguage] */
-  {"swb",	HB_TAG('C','M','R',' ')},	/* Maore Comorian -> Comorian */
-  {"swc",	HB_TAG('S','W','K',' ')},	/* Congo Swahili -> Swahili */
-  {"swh",	HB_TAG('S','W','K',' ')},	/* Swahili */
-  {"swk",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Malawi Sena != Swahili */
-  {"swn",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Sawknah -> Berber */
-  {"swv",	HB_TAG('M','A','W',' ')},	/* Shekhawati -> Marwari */
-/*{"sxu",	HB_TAG('S','X','U',' ')},*/	/* Upper Saxon */
-  {"syc",	HB_TAG('S','Y','R',' ')},	/* Classical Syriac -> Syriac */
-/*{"syl",	HB_TAG('S','Y','L',' ')},*/	/* Sylheti */
-/*{"syr",	HB_TAG('S','Y','R',' ')},*/	/* Syriac [macrolanguage] */
-/*{"szl",	HB_TAG('S','Z','L',' ')},*/	/* Silesian */
-  {"ta",	HB_TAG('T','A','M',' ')},	/* Tamil */
-  {"taa",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Lower Tanana -> Athapaskan */
-/*{"tab",	HB_TAG('T','A','B',' ')},*/	/* Tabassaran -> Tabasaran */
-  {"taj",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Eastern Tamang != Tajiki */
-  {"taq",	HB_TAG('T','M','H',' ')},	/* Tamasheq -> Tamashek */
-  {"taq",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tamasheq -> Berber */
-  {"tas",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Tay Boi -> Creoles */
-  {"tau",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Upper Tanana -> Athapaskan */
-  {"tcb",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Tanacross -> Athapaskan */
-  {"tce",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Southern Tutchone -> Athapaskan */
-  {"tch",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Turks And Caicos Creole English -> Creoles */
-  {"tcp",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Tawr Chin -> Chin */
-  {"tcs",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Torres Strait Creole -> Creoles */
-  {"tcy",	HB_TAG('T','U','L',' ')},	/* Tulu -> Tumbuka */
-  {"tcz",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Thado Chin -> Chin */
-/*{"tdd",	HB_TAG('T','D','D',' ')},*/	/* Tai Nüa -> Dehong Dai */
-  {"tdx",	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Tandroy-Mahafaly Malagasy -> Malagasy */
-  {"te",	HB_TAG('T','E','L',' ')},	/* Telugu */
-  {"tec",	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Terik -> Kalenjin */
-  {"tem",	HB_TAG('T','M','N',' ')},	/* Timne -> Temne */
-/*{"tet",	HB_TAG('T','E','T',' ')},*/	/* Tetum */
-  {"tez",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tetserret -> Berber */
-  {"tfn",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Tanaina -> Athapaskan */
-  {"tg",	HB_TAG('T','A','J',' ')},	/* Tajik -> Tajiki */
-  {"tgh",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Tobagonian Creole English -> Creoles */
-  {"tgj",	HB_TAG('N','I','S',' ')},	/* Tagin -> Nisi */
-  {"tgn",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tandaganon != Tongan */
-  {"tgr",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tareng != Tigre */
-  {"tgx",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Tagish -> Athapaskan */
-  {"tgy",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Togoyo != Tigrinya */
-  {"th",	HB_TAG('T','H','A',' ')},	/* Thai */
-  {"tht",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Tahltan -> Athapaskan */
-  {"thv",	HB_TAG('T','M','H',' ')},	/* Tahaggart Tamahaq -> Tamashek */
-  {"thv",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tahaggart Tamahaq -> Berber */
-  {"thz",	HB_TAG('T','M','H',' ')},	/* Tayart Tamajeq -> Tamashek */
-  {"thz",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tayart Tamajeq -> Berber */
-  {"ti",	HB_TAG('T','G','Y',' ')},	/* Tigrinya */
-  {"tia",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tidikelt Tamazight -> Berber */
-  {"tig",	HB_TAG('T','G','R',' ')},	/* Tigre */
-/*{"tiv",	HB_TAG('T','I','V',' ')},*/	/* Tiv */
-/*{"tjl",	HB_TAG('T','J','L',' ')},*/	/* Tai Laing */
-  {"tjo",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Temacine Tamazight -> Berber */
-  {"tk",	HB_TAG('T','K','M',' ')},	/* Turkmen */
-  {"tkg",	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Tesaka Malagasy -> Malagasy */
-  {"tkm",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Takelma != Turkmen */
-  {"tl",	HB_TAG('T','G','L',' ')},	/* Tagalog */
-/*{"tli",	HB_TAG('T','L','I',' ')},*/	/* Tlingit */
-  {"tmg",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Ternateño -> Creoles */
-  {"tmh",	HB_TAG('T','M','H',' ')},	/* Tamashek [macrolanguage] */
-  {"tmh",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tamashek [macrolanguage] -> Berber */
-  {"tmn",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Taman (Indonesia) != Temne */
-  {"tmw",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Temuan -> Malay */
-  {"tn",	HB_TAG('T','N','A',' ')},	/* Tswana */
-  {"tna",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tacana != Tswana */
-  {"tne",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tinoc Kallahan (retired code) != Tundra Enets */
-  {"tnf",	HB_TAG('D','R','I',' ')},	/* Tangshewi (retired code) -> Dari */
-  {"tnf",	HB_TAG('F','A','R',' ')},	/* Tangshewi (retired code) -> Persian */
-  {"tng",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tobanga != Tonga */
-  {"to",	HB_TAG('T','G','N',' ')},	/* Tonga (Tonga Islands) -> Tongan */
-  {"tod",	HB_TAG('T','O','D','0')},	/* Toma */
-  {"toi",	HB_TAG('T','N','G',' ')},	/* Tonga (Zambia) */
-  {"toj",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Tojolabal -> Mayan */
-  {"tol",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Tolowa -> Athapaskan */
-  {"tor",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Togbo-Vara Banda -> Banda */
-  {"tpi",	HB_TAG('T','P','I',' ')},	/* Tok Pisin */
-  {"tpi",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Tok Pisin -> Creoles */
-  {"tr",	HB_TAG('T','R','K',' ')},	/* Turkish */
-  {"trf",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Trinidadian Creole English -> Creoles */
-  {"trk",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Turkic [collection] != Turkish */
-  {"tru",	HB_TAG('T','U','A',' ')},	/* Turoyo -> Turoyo Aramaic */
-  {"tru",	HB_TAG('S','Y','R',' ')},	/* Turoyo -> Syriac */
-  {"ts",	HB_TAG('T','S','G',' ')},	/* Tsonga */
-  {"tsg",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tausug != Tsonga */
-/*{"tsj",	HB_TAG('T','S','J',' ')},*/	/* Tshangla */
-  {"tt",	HB_TAG('T','A','T',' ')},	/* Tatar */
-  {"ttc",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Tektiteko -> Mayan */
-  {"ttm",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Northern Tutchone -> Athapaskan */
-  {"ttq",	HB_TAG('T','M','H',' ')},	/* Tawallammat Tamajaq -> Tamashek */
-  {"ttq",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tawallammat Tamajaq -> Berber */
-  {"tua",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Wiarumus != Turoyo Aramaic */
-  {"tul",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tula != Tumbuka */
-/*{"tum",	HB_TAG('T','U','M',' ')},*/	/* Tumbuka -> Tulu */
-  {"tuu",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Tututni -> Athapaskan */
-  {"tuv",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Turkana != Tuvin */
-  {"tuy",	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Tugen -> Kalenjin */
-/*{"tvl",	HB_TAG('T','V','L',' ')},*/	/* Tuvalu */
-  {"tvy",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Timor Pidgin -> Creoles */
-  {"tw",	HB_TAG('T','W','I',' ')},	/* Twi */
-  {"tw",	HB_TAG('A','K','A',' ')},	/* Twi -> Akan */
-  {"txc",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Tsetsaut -> Athapaskan */
-  {"txy",	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Tanosy Malagasy -> Malagasy */
-  {"ty",	HB_TAG('T','H','T',' ')},	/* Tahitian */
-  {"tyv",	HB_TAG('T','U','V',' ')},	/* Tuvinian -> Tuvin */
-/*{"tyz",	HB_TAG('T','Y','Z',' ')},*/	/* Tày */
-  {"tzh",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Tzeltal -> Mayan */
-  {"tzj",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Tz'utujil -> Mayan */
-  {"tzm",	HB_TAG('T','Z','M',' ')},	/* Central Atlas Tamazight -> Tamazight */
-  {"tzm",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Central Atlas Tamazight -> Berber */
-  {"tzo",	HB_TAG('T','Z','O',' ')},	/* Tzotzil */
-  {"tzo",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Tzotzil -> Mayan */
-  {"ubl",	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Buhi'non Bikol -> Bikol */
-/*{"udm",	HB_TAG('U','D','M',' ')},*/	/* Udmurt */
-  {"ug",	HB_TAG('U','Y','G',' ')},	/* Uyghur */
-  {"uk",	HB_TAG('U','K','R',' ')},	/* Ukrainian */
-  {"uki",	HB_TAG('K','U','I',' ')},	/* Kui (India) */
-  {"uln",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Unserdeutsch -> Creoles */
-/*{"umb",	HB_TAG('U','M','B',' ')},*/	/* Umbundu */
-  {"unr",	HB_TAG('M','U','N',' ')},	/* Mundari */
-  {"ur",	HB_TAG('U','R','D',' ')},	/* Urdu */
-  {"urk",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Urak Lawoi' -> Malay */
-  {"usp",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Uspanteco -> Mayan */
-  {"uz",	HB_TAG('U','Z','B',' ')},	/* Uzbek [macrolanguage] */
-  {"uzn",	HB_TAG('U','Z','B',' ')},	/* Northern Uzbek -> Uzbek */
-  {"uzs",	HB_TAG('U','Z','B',' ')},	/* Southern Uzbek -> Uzbek */
-  {"vap",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Vaiphei -> Chin */
-  {"ve",	HB_TAG('V','E','N',' ')},	/* Venda */
-/*{"vec",	HB_TAG('V','E','C',' ')},*/	/* Venetian */
-  {"vi",	HB_TAG('V','I','T',' ')},	/* Vietnamese */
-  {"vic",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Virgin Islands Creole English -> Creoles */
-  {"vit",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Viti != Vietnamese */
-  {"vkk",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Kaur -> Malay */
-  {"vkp",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Korlai Creole Portuguese -> Creoles */
-  {"vkt",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Tenggarong Kutai Malay -> Malay */
-  {"vls",	HB_TAG('F','L','E',' ')},	/* Vlaams -> Dutch (Flemish) */
-  {"vmw",	HB_TAG('M','A','K',' ')},	/* Makhuwa */
-  {"vo",	HB_TAG('V','O','L',' ')},	/* Volapük */
-/*{"vro",	HB_TAG('V','R','O',' ')},*/	/* Võro */
-  {"wa",	HB_TAG('W','L','N',' ')},	/* Walloon */
-  {"wag",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Wa'ema != Wagdi */
-/*{"war",	HB_TAG('W','A','R',' ')},*/	/* Waray (Philippines) -> Waray-Waray */
-  {"wbm",	HB_TAG('W','A',' ',' ')},	/* Wa */
-  {"wbr",	HB_TAG('W','A','G',' ')},	/* Wagdi */
-  {"wbr",	HB_TAG('R','A','J',' ')},	/* Wagdi -> Rajasthani */
-/*{"wci",	HB_TAG('W','C','I',' ')},*/	/* Waci Gbe */
-  {"wea",	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Wewaw -> Karen */
-  {"wes",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Cameroon Pidgin -> Creoles */
-  {"weu",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Rawngtu Chin -> Chin */
-  {"wlc",	HB_TAG('C','M','R',' ')},	/* Mwali Comorian -> Comorian */
-  {"wle",	HB_TAG('S','I','G',' ')},	/* Wolane -> Silte Gurage */
-  {"wlk",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Wailaki -> Athapaskan */
-  {"wni",	HB_TAG('C','M','R',' ')},	/* Ndzwani Comorian -> Comorian */
-  {"wo",	HB_TAG('W','L','F',' ')},	/* Wolof */
-  {"wry",	HB_TAG('M','A','W',' ')},	/* Merwari -> Marwari */
-  {"wsg",	HB_TAG('G','O','N',' ')},	/* Adilabad Gondi -> Gondi */
-/*{"wtm",	HB_TAG('W','T','M',' ')},*/	/* Mewati */
-  {"wuu",	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Wu Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
-  {"xal",	HB_TAG('K','L','M',' ')},	/* Kalmyk */
-  {"xal",	HB_TAG('T','O','D',' ')},	/* Kalmyk -> Todo */
-  {"xan",	HB_TAG('S','E','K',' ')},	/* Xamtanga -> Sekota */
-  {"xbd",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Bindal != Lü */
-  {"xh",	HB_TAG('X','H','S',' ')},	/* Xhosa */
-/*{"xjb",	HB_TAG('X','J','B',' ')},*/	/* Minjungbal -> Minjangbal */
-/*{"xkf",	HB_TAG('X','K','F',' ')},*/	/* Khengkha */
-  {"xmg",	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Mengaka -> Bamileke */
-  {"xmm",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Manado Malay -> Malay */
-  {"xmm",	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Manado Malay -> Creoles */
-  {"xmv",	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Antankarana Malagasy -> Malagasy */
-  {"xmw",	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Tsimihety Malagasy -> Malagasy */
-  {"xnj",	HB_TAG('S','X','T',' ')},	/* Ngoni (Tanzania) -> Sutu */
-  {"xnq",	HB_TAG('S','X','T',' ')},	/* Ngoni (Mozambique) -> Sutu */
-  {"xnr",	HB_TAG('D','G','R',' ')},	/* Kangri -> Dogri (macrolanguage) */
-/*{"xog",	HB_TAG('X','O','G',' ')},*/	/* Soga */
-  {"xpe",	HB_TAG('X','P','E',' ')},	/* Liberia Kpelle -> Kpelle (Liberia) */
-  {"xpe",	HB_TAG('K','P','L',' ')},	/* Liberia Kpelle -> Kpelle */
-  {"xsl",	HB_TAG('S','S','L',' ')},	/* South Slavey */
-  {"xsl",	HB_TAG('S','L','A',' ')},	/* South Slavey -> Slavey */
-  {"xsl",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* South Slavey -> Athapaskan */
-  {"xst",	HB_TAG('S','I','G',' ')},	/* Silt'e (retired code) -> Silte Gurage */
-/*{"xub",	HB_TAG('X','U','B',' ')},*/	/* Betta Kurumba -> Bette Kuruma */
-/*{"xuj",	HB_TAG('X','U','J',' ')},*/	/* Jennu Kurumba -> Jennu Kuruma */
-  {"xup",	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Upper Umpqua -> Athapaskan */
-  {"xwo",	HB_TAG('T','O','D',' ')},	/* Written Oirat -> Todo */
-  {"yaj",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Banda-Yangere -> Banda */
-  {"yak",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Yakama != Sakha */
-/*{"yao",	HB_TAG('Y','A','O',' ')},*/	/* Yao */
-/*{"yap",	HB_TAG('Y','A','P',' ')},*/	/* Yapese */
-  {"yba",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Yala != Yoruba */
-  {"ybb",	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Yemba -> Bamileke */
-  {"ybd",	HB_TAG('A','R','K',' ')},	/* Yangbye (retired code) -> Rakhine */
-  {"ydd",	HB_TAG('J','I','I',' ')},	/* Eastern Yiddish -> Yiddish */
-/*{"ygp",	HB_TAG('Y','G','P',' ')},*/	/* Gepo */
-  {"yi",	HB_TAG('J','I','I',' ')},	/* Yiddish [macrolanguage] */
-  {"yih",	HB_TAG('J','I','I',' ')},	/* Western Yiddish -> Yiddish */
-  {"yim",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Yimchungru Naga != Yi Modern */
-/*{"yna",	HB_TAG('Y','N','A',' ')},*/	/* Aluo */
-  {"yo",	HB_TAG('Y','B','A',' ')},	/* Yoruba */
-  {"yos",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Yos (retired code) -> Chin */
-  {"yua",	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Yucateco -> Mayan */
-  {"yue",	HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ')},	/* Yue Chinese -> Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
-/*{"ywq",	HB_TAG('Y','W','Q',' ')},*/	/* Wuding-Luquan Yi */
-  {"za",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Zhuang [macrolanguage] */
-  {"zch",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Central Hongshuihe Zhuang -> Zhuang */
-  {"zdj",	HB_TAG('C','M','R',' ')},	/* Ngazidja Comorian -> Comorian */
-/*{"zea",	HB_TAG('Z','E','A',' ')},*/	/* Zeeuws -> Zealandic */
-  {"zeh",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Eastern Hongshuihe Zhuang -> Zhuang */
-  {"zen",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Zenaga -> Berber */
-  {"zgb",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Guibei Zhuang -> Zhuang */
-  {"zgh",	HB_TAG('Z','G','H',' ')},	/* Standard Moroccan Tamazight */
-  {"zgh",	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Standard Moroccan Tamazight -> Berber */
-  {"zgm",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Minz Zhuang -> Zhuang */
-  {"zgn",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Guibian Zhuang -> Zhuang */
-  {"zh",	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Chinese, Simplified [macrolanguage] */
-  {"zhd",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Dai Zhuang -> Zhuang */
-  {"zhn",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Nong Zhuang -> Zhuang */
-  {"zlj",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Liujiang Zhuang -> Zhuang */
-  {"zlm",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Malay */
-  {"zln",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Lianshan Zhuang -> Zhuang */
-  {"zlq",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Liuqian Zhuang -> Zhuang */
-  {"zmi",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Negeri Sembilan Malay -> Malay */
-  {"zmz",	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Mbandja -> Banda */
-  {"znd",	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Zande [collection] != Zande */
-  {"zne",	HB_TAG('Z','N','D',' ')},	/* Zande */
-  {"zom",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Zou -> Chin */
-  {"zqe",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Qiubei Zhuang -> Zhuang */
-  {"zsm",	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Standard Malay -> Malay */
-  {"zu",	HB_TAG('Z','U','L',' ')},	/* Zulu */
-  {"zum",	HB_TAG('L','R','C',' ')},	/* Kumzari -> Luri */
-  {"zyb",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Yongbei Zhuang -> Zhuang */
-  {"zyg",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Yang Zhuang -> Zhuang */
-  {"zyj",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Youjiang Zhuang -> Zhuang */
-  {"zyn",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Yongnan Zhuang -> Zhuang */
-  {"zyp",	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Zyphe Chin -> Chin */
-/*{"zza",	HB_TAG('Z','Z','A',' ')},*/	/* Zazaki [macrolanguage] */
-  {"zzj",	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Zuojiang Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+static const LangTag ot_languages2[] = {
+  {HB_TAG('a','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('A','F','R',' ')},	/* Afar */
+  {HB_TAG('a','b',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('A','B','K',' ')},	/* Abkhazian */
+  {HB_TAG('a','f',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('A','F','K',' ')},	/* Afrikaans */
+  {HB_TAG('a','k',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('A','K','A',' ')},	/* Akan [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('a','m',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('A','M','H',' ')},	/* Amharic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','n',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','G',' ')},	/* Aragonese */
+  {HB_TAG('a','r',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Arabic [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('a','s',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('A','S','M',' ')},	/* Assamese */
+  {HB_TAG('a','v',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('A','V','R',' ')},	/* Avaric -> Avar */
+  {HB_TAG('a','y',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('A','Y','M',' ')},	/* Aymara [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('a','z',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('A','Z','E',' ')},	/* Azerbaijani [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('b','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('B','S','H',' ')},	/* Bashkir */
+  {HB_TAG('b','e',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('B','E','L',' ')},	/* Belarusian -> Belarussian */
+  {HB_TAG('b','g',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('B','G','R',' ')},	/* Bulgarian */
+  {HB_TAG('b','i',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('B','I','S',' ')},	/* Bislama */
+  {HB_TAG('b','i',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Bislama -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('b','m',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('B','M','B',' ')},	/* Bambara (Bamanankan) */
+  {HB_TAG('b','n',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('B','E','N',' ')},	/* Bengali */
+  {HB_TAG('b','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('T','I','B',' ')},	/* Tibetan */
+  {HB_TAG('b','r',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('B','R','E',' ')},	/* Breton */
+  {HB_TAG('b','s',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('B','O','S',' ')},	/* Bosnian */
+  {HB_TAG('c','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('C','A','T',' ')},	/* Catalan */
+  {HB_TAG('c','e',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('C','H','E',' ')},	/* Chechen */
+  {HB_TAG('c','h',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('C','H','A',' ')},	/* Chamorro */
+  {HB_TAG('c','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('C','O','S',' ')},	/* Corsican */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('C','R','E',' ')},	/* Cree [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('c','s',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('C','S','Y',' ')},	/* Czech */
+  {HB_TAG('c','u',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('C','S','L',' ')},	/* Church Slavonic */
+  {HB_TAG('c','v',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('C','H','U',' ')},	/* Chuvash */
+  {HB_TAG('c','y',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('W','E','L',' ')},	/* Welsh */
+  {HB_TAG('d','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('D','A','N',' ')},	/* Danish */
+  {HB_TAG('d','e',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('D','E','U',' ')},	/* German */
+  {HB_TAG('d','v',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('D','I','V',' ')},	/* Divehi (Dhivehi, Maldivian) */
+  {HB_TAG('d','v',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('D','H','V',' ')},	/* Divehi (Dhivehi, Maldivian) (deprecated) */
+  {HB_TAG('d','z',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('D','Z','N',' ')},	/* Dzongkha */
+  {HB_TAG('e','e',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('E','W','E',' ')},	/* Ewe */
+  {HB_TAG('e','l',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('E','L','L',' ')},	/* Modern Greek (1453-) -> Greek */
+  {HB_TAG('e','n',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('E','N','G',' ')},	/* English */
+  {HB_TAG('e','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('N','T','O',' ')},	/* Esperanto */
+  {HB_TAG('e','s',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('E','S','P',' ')},	/* Spanish */
+  {HB_TAG('e','t',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('E','T','I',' ')},	/* Estonian [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('e','u',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('E','U','Q',' ')},	/* Basque */
+  {HB_TAG('f','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('F','A','R',' ')},	/* Persian [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('f','f',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Fulah [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('f','i',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('F','I','N',' ')},	/* Finnish */
+  {HB_TAG('f','j',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('F','J','I',' ')},	/* Fijian */
+  {HB_TAG('f','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('F','O','S',' ')},	/* Faroese */
+  {HB_TAG('f','r',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('F','R','A',' ')},	/* French */
+  {HB_TAG('f','y',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('F','R','I',' ')},	/* Western Frisian -> Frisian */
+  {HB_TAG('g','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('I','R','I',' ')},	/* Irish */
+  {HB_TAG('g','d',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('G','A','E',' ')},	/* Scottish Gaelic (Gaelic) */
+  {HB_TAG('g','l',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('G','A','L',' ')},	/* Galician */
+  {HB_TAG('g','n',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('G','U','A',' ')},	/* Guarani [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('g','u',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('G','U','J',' ')},	/* Gujarati */
+  {HB_TAG('g','v',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('M','N','X',' ')},	/* Manx */
+  {HB_TAG('h','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('H','A','U',' ')},	/* Hausa */
+  {HB_TAG('h','e',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('I','W','R',' ')},	/* Hebrew */
+  {HB_TAG('h','i',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('H','I','N',' ')},	/* Hindi */
+  {HB_TAG('h','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','O',' ')},	/* Hiri Motu */
+  {HB_TAG('h','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Hiri Motu -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('h','r',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('H','R','V',' ')},	/* Croatian */
+  {HB_TAG('h','t',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('H','A','I',' ')},	/* Haitian (Haitian Creole) */
+  {HB_TAG('h','t',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Haitian -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('h','u',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('H','U','N',' ')},	/* Hungarian */
+  {HB_TAG('h','y',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('H','Y','E','0')},	/* Armenian -> Armenian East */
+  {HB_TAG('h','y',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('H','Y','E',' ')},	/* Armenian */
+  {HB_TAG('h','z',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('H','E','R',' ')},	/* Herero */
+  {HB_TAG('i','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('I','N','A',' ')},	/* Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association) */
+  {HB_TAG('i','d',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('I','N','D',' ')},	/* Indonesian */
+  {HB_TAG('i','d',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Indonesian -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('i','e',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('I','L','E',' ')},	/* Interlingue */
+  {HB_TAG('i','g',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('I','B','O',' ')},	/* Igbo */
+  {HB_TAG('i','i',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('Y','I','M',' ')},	/* Sichuan Yi -> Yi Modern */
+  {HB_TAG('i','k',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('I','P','K',' ')},	/* Inupiaq [macrolanguage] -> Inupiat */
+  {HB_TAG('i','n',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('I','N','D',' ')},	/* Indonesian (retired code) */
+  {HB_TAG('i','n',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Indonesian (retired code) -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('i','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('I','D','O',' ')},	/* Ido */
+  {HB_TAG('i','s',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('I','S','L',' ')},	/* Icelandic */
+  {HB_TAG('i','t',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('I','T','A',' ')},	/* Italian */
+  {HB_TAG('i','u',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('I','N','U',' ')},	/* Inuktitut [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('i','u',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('I','N','U','K')},	/* Inuktitut [macrolanguage] -> Nunavik Inuktitut */
+  {HB_TAG('i','w',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('I','W','R',' ')},	/* Hebrew (retired code) */
+  {HB_TAG('j','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('J','A','N',' ')},	/* Japanese */
+  {HB_TAG('j','i',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('J','I','I',' ')},	/* Yiddish (retired code) */
+  {HB_TAG('j','v',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('J','A','V',' ')},	/* Javanese */
+  {HB_TAG('j','w',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('J','A','V',' ')},	/* Javanese (retired code) */
+  {HB_TAG('k','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','T',' ')},	/* Georgian */
+  {HB_TAG('k','g',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','N','0')},	/* Kongo [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('k','i',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('K','I','K',' ')},	/* Kikuyu (Gikuyu) */
+  {HB_TAG('k','j',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('K','U','A',' ')},	/* Kuanyama */
+  {HB_TAG('k','k',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','Z',' ')},	/* Kazakh */
+  {HB_TAG('k','l',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('G','R','N',' ')},	/* Greenlandic */
+  {HB_TAG('k','m',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('K','H','M',' ')},	/* Khmer */
+  {HB_TAG('k','n',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','N',' ')},	/* Kannada */
+  {HB_TAG('k','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','R',' ')},	/* Korean */
+  {HB_TAG('k','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','H',' ')},	/* Korean -> Korean Old Hangul */
+  {HB_TAG('k','r',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('K','N','R',' ')},	/* Kanuri [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('k','s',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('K','S','H',' ')},	/* Kashmiri */
+  {HB_TAG('k','u',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('K','U','R',' ')},	/* Kurdish [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('k','v',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','M',' ')},	/* Komi [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('k','w',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('C','O','R',' ')},	/* Cornish */
+  {HB_TAG('k','y',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('K','I','R',' ')},	/* Kirghiz (Kyrgyz) */
+  {HB_TAG('l','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('L','A','T',' ')},	/* Latin */
+  {HB_TAG('l','b',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('L','T','Z',' ')},	/* Luxembourgish */
+  {HB_TAG('l','g',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','G',' ')},	/* Ganda */
+  {HB_TAG('l','i',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('L','I','M',' ')},	/* Limburgish */
+  {HB_TAG('l','n',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('L','I','N',' ')},	/* Lingala */
+  {HB_TAG('l','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('L','A','O',' ')},	/* Lao */
+  {HB_TAG('l','t',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('L','T','H',' ')},	/* Lithuanian */
+  {HB_TAG('l','u',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','B',' ')},	/* Luba-Katanga */
+  {HB_TAG('l','v',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('L','V','I',' ')},	/* Latvian [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('m','g',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Malagasy [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('m','h',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','H',' ')},	/* Marshallese */
+  {HB_TAG('m','i',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('M','R','I',' ')},	/* Maori */
+  {HB_TAG('m','k',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('M','K','D',' ')},	/* Macedonian */
+  {HB_TAG('m','l',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','L',' ')},	/* Malayalam -> Malayalam Traditional */
+  {HB_TAG('m','l',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','R',' ')},	/* Malayalam -> Malayalam Reformed */
+  {HB_TAG('m','n',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('M','N','G',' ')},	/* Mongolian [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('m','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('M','O','L',' ')},	/* Moldavian (retired code) */
+  {HB_TAG('m','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('R','O','M',' ')},	/* Moldavian (retired code) -> Romanian */
+  {HB_TAG('m','r',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','R',' ')},	/* Marathi */
+  {HB_TAG('m','s',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Malay [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('m','t',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('M','T','S',' ')},	/* Maltese */
+  {HB_TAG('m','y',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('B','R','M',' ')},	/* Burmese */
+  {HB_TAG('n','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','U',' ')},	/* Nauru -> Nauruan */
+  {HB_TAG('n','b',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('N','O','R',' ')},	/* Norwegian Bokmål -> Norwegian */
+  {HB_TAG('n','d',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('N','D','B',' ')},	/* North Ndebele -> Ndebele */
+  {HB_TAG('n','e',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('N','E','P',' ')},	/* Nepali [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('n','g',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('N','D','G',' ')},	/* Ndonga */
+  {HB_TAG('n','l',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('N','L','D',' ')},	/* Dutch */
+  {HB_TAG('n','n',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('N','Y','N',' ')},	/* Norwegian Nynorsk (Nynorsk, Norwegian) */
+  {HB_TAG('n','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('N','O','R',' ')},	/* Norwegian [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('n','r',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('N','D','B',' ')},	/* South Ndebele -> Ndebele */
+  {HB_TAG('n','v',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','V',' ')},	/* Navajo */
+  {HB_TAG('n','v',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Navajo -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('n','y',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('C','H','I',' ')},	/* Chichewa (Chewa, Nyanja) */
+  {HB_TAG('o','c',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('O','C','I',' ')},	/* Occitan (post 1500) */
+  {HB_TAG('o','j',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},	/* Ojibwa [macrolanguage] -> Ojibway */
+  {HB_TAG('o','m',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('O','R','O',' ')},	/* Oromo [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('o','r',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('O','R','I',' ')},	/* Odia (formerly Oriya) [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('o','s',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('O','S','S',' ')},	/* Ossetian */
+  {HB_TAG('p','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('P','A','N',' ')},	/* Punjabi */
+  {HB_TAG('p','i',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('P','A','L',' ')},	/* Pali */
+  {HB_TAG('p','l',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('P','L','K',' ')},	/* Polish */
+  {HB_TAG('p','s',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('P','A','S',' ')},	/* Pashto [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('p','t',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('P','T','G',' ')},	/* Portuguese */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Quechua [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('r','m',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('R','M','S',' ')},	/* Romansh */
+  {HB_TAG('r','n',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('R','U','N',' ')},	/* Rundi */
+  {HB_TAG('r','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('R','O','M',' ')},	/* Romanian */
+  {HB_TAG('r','u',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('R','U','S',' ')},	/* Russian */
+  {HB_TAG('r','w',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('R','U','A',' ')},	/* Kinyarwanda */
+  {HB_TAG('s','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','A','N',' ')},	/* Sanskrit */
+  {HB_TAG('s','c',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','R','D',' ')},	/* Sardinian [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('s','d',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','N','D',' ')},	/* Sindhi */
+  {HB_TAG('s','e',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('N','S','M',' ')},	/* Northern Sami */
+  {HB_TAG('s','g',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','G','O',' ')},	/* Sango */
+  {HB_TAG('s','h',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('B','O','S',' ')},	/* Serbo-Croatian [macrolanguage] -> Bosnian */
+  {HB_TAG('s','h',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('H','R','V',' ')},	/* Serbo-Croatian [macrolanguage] -> Croatian */
+  {HB_TAG('s','h',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','R','B',' ')},	/* Serbo-Croatian [macrolanguage] -> Serbian */
+  {HB_TAG('s','i',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','N','H',' ')},	/* Sinhala (Sinhalese) */
+  {HB_TAG('s','k',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','K','Y',' ')},	/* Slovak */
+  {HB_TAG('s','l',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','L','V',' ')},	/* Slovenian */
+  {HB_TAG('s','m',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','M','O',' ')},	/* Samoan */
+  {HB_TAG('s','n',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','N','A','0')},	/* Shona */
+  {HB_TAG('s','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','M','L',' ')},	/* Somali */
+  {HB_TAG('s','q',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','Q','I',' ')},	/* Albanian [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('s','r',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','R','B',' ')},	/* Serbian */
+  {HB_TAG('s','s',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','W','Z',' ')},	/* Swati */
+  {HB_TAG('s','t',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','O','T',' ')},	/* Southern Sotho */
+  {HB_TAG('s','u',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','U','N',' ')},	/* Sundanese */
+  {HB_TAG('s','v',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','V','E',' ')},	/* Swedish */
+  {HB_TAG('s','w',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('S','W','K',' ')},	/* Swahili [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('t','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('T','A','M',' ')},	/* Tamil */
+  {HB_TAG('t','e',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('T','E','L',' ')},	/* Telugu */
+  {HB_TAG('t','g',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('T','A','J',' ')},	/* Tajik -> Tajiki */
+  {HB_TAG('t','h',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('T','H','A',' ')},	/* Thai */
+  {HB_TAG('t','i',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('T','G','Y',' ')},	/* Tigrinya */
+  {HB_TAG('t','k',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('T','K','M',' ')},	/* Turkmen */
+  {HB_TAG('t','l',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('T','G','L',' ')},	/* Tagalog */
+  {HB_TAG('t','n',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('T','N','A',' ')},	/* Tswana */
+  {HB_TAG('t','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('T','G','N',' ')},	/* Tonga (Tonga Islands) -> Tongan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','r',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('T','R','K',' ')},	/* Turkish */
+  {HB_TAG('t','s',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('T','S','G',' ')},	/* Tsonga */
+  {HB_TAG('t','t',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('T','A','T',' ')},	/* Tatar */
+  {HB_TAG('t','w',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('T','W','I',' ')},	/* Twi */
+  {HB_TAG('t','w',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('A','K','A',' ')},	/* Twi -> Akan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','y',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('T','H','T',' ')},	/* Tahitian */
+  {HB_TAG('u','g',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('U','Y','G',' ')},	/* Uyghur */
+  {HB_TAG('u','k',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('U','K','R',' ')},	/* Ukrainian */
+  {HB_TAG('u','r',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('U','R','D',' ')},	/* Urdu */
+  {HB_TAG('u','z',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('U','Z','B',' ')},	/* Uzbek [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('v','e',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('V','E','N',' ')},	/* Venda */
+  {HB_TAG('v','i',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('V','I','T',' ')},	/* Vietnamese */
+  {HB_TAG('v','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('V','O','L',' ')},	/* Volapük */
+  {HB_TAG('w','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('W','L','N',' ')},	/* Walloon */
+  {HB_TAG('w','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('W','L','F',' ')},	/* Wolof */
+  {HB_TAG('x','h',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('X','H','S',' ')},	/* Xhosa */
+  {HB_TAG('y','i',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('J','I','I',' ')},	/* Yiddish [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('y','o',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('Y','B','A',' ')},	/* Yoruba */
+  {HB_TAG('z','a',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Zhuang [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('z','h',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Chinese, Simplified [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('z','u',' ',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','U','L',' ')},	/* Zulu */
+};
+
+static const LangTag ot_languages3[] = {
+  {HB_TAG('a','a','e',' '),	HB_TAG('S','Q','I',' ')},	/* Arbëreshë Albanian -> Albanian */
+  {HB_TAG('a','a','o',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Algerian Saharan Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','a','t',' '),	HB_TAG('S','Q','I',' ')},	/* Arvanitika Albanian -> Albanian */
+  {HB_TAG('a','b','a',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Abé != Abaza */
+  {HB_TAG('a','b','h',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Tajiki Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','b','q',' '),	HB_TAG('A','B','A',' ')},	/* Abaza */
+  {HB_TAG('a','b','s',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Ambonese Malay -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('a','b','v',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Baharna Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','c','f',' '),	HB_TAG('F','A','N',' ')},	/* Saint Lucian Creole French -> French Antillean */
+  {HB_TAG('a','c','f',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Saint Lucian Creole French -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('a','c','h',' '),	HB_TAG('A','C','H',' ')},*/	/* Acoli -> Acholi */
+  {HB_TAG('a','c','m',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Mesopotamian Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','c','q',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Ta'izzi-Adeni Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','c','r',' '),	HB_TAG('A','C','R',' ')},	/* Achi */
+  {HB_TAG('a','c','r',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Achi -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('a','c','w',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Hijazi Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','c','x',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Omani Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','c','y',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Cypriot Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','d','a',' '),	HB_TAG('D','N','G',' ')},	/* Adangme -> Dangme */
+  {HB_TAG('a','d','f',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Dhofari Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','d','p',' '),	HB_TAG('D','Z','N',' ')},	/* Adap (retired code) -> Dzongkha */
+/*{HB_TAG('a','d','y',' '),	HB_TAG('A','D','Y',' ')},*/	/* Adyghe */
+  {HB_TAG('a','e','b',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Tunisian Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','e','c',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Saidi Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','f','b',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Gulf Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','f','k',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Nanubae != Afrikaans */
+  {HB_TAG('a','f','s',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Afro-Seminole Creole -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('a','g','u',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Aguacateco -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('a','g','w',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kahua != Agaw */
+  {HB_TAG('a','h','g',' '),	HB_TAG('A','G','W',' ')},	/* Qimant -> Agaw */
+  {HB_TAG('a','h','t',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Ahtena -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('a','i','g',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Antigua and Barbuda Creole English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('a','i','i',' '),	HB_TAG('S','W','A',' ')},	/* Assyrian Neo-Aramaic -> Swadaya Aramaic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','i','i',' '),	HB_TAG('S','Y','R',' ')},	/* Assyrian Neo-Aramaic -> Syriac */
+/*{HB_TAG('a','i','o',' '),	HB_TAG('A','I','O',' ')},*/	/* Aiton */
+  {HB_TAG('a','i','w',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','I',' ')},	/* Aari */
+  {HB_TAG('a','j','p',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* South Levantine Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','j','t',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Judeo-Tunisian Arabic (retired code) -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','k','b',' '),	HB_TAG('A','K','B',' ')},	/* Batak Angkola */
+  {HB_TAG('a','k','b',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},	/* Batak Angkola -> Batak */
+  {HB_TAG('a','l','n',' '),	HB_TAG('S','Q','I',' ')},	/* Gheg Albanian -> Albanian */
+  {HB_TAG('a','l','s',' '),	HB_TAG('S','Q','I',' ')},	/* Tosk Albanian -> Albanian */
+/*{HB_TAG('a','l','t',' '),	HB_TAG('A','L','T',' ')},*/	/* Southern Altai -> Altai */
+  {HB_TAG('a','m','f',' '),	HB_TAG('H','B','N',' ')},	/* Hamer-Banna -> Hammer-Banna */
+  {HB_TAG('a','m','w',' '),	HB_TAG('S','Y','R',' ')},	/* Western Neo-Aramaic -> Syriac */
+/*{HB_TAG('a','n','g',' '),	HB_TAG('A','N','G',' ')},*/	/* Old English (ca. 450-1100) -> Anglo-Saxon */
+  {HB_TAG('a','o','a',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Angolar -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('a','p','a',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Apache [collection] -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('a','p','c',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* North Levantine Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','p','d',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Sudanese Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','p','j',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Jicarilla Apache -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('a','p','k',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Kiowa Apache -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('a','p','l',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Lipan Apache -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('a','p','m',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Mescalero-Chiricahua Apache -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('a','p','w',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Western Apache -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('a','r','b',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Standard Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','r','i',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Arikara != Aari */
+  {HB_TAG('a','r','k',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Arikapú != Rakhine */
+  {HB_TAG('a','r','n',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','P',' ')},	/* Mapudungun */
+  {HB_TAG('a','r','q',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Algerian Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','r','s',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Najdi Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','r','y',' '),	HB_TAG('M','O','R',' ')},	/* Moroccan Arabic -> Moroccan */
+  {HB_TAG('a','r','y',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Moroccan Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','r','z',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Egyptian Arabic -> Arabic */
+/*{HB_TAG('a','s','t',' '),	HB_TAG('A','S','T',' ')},*/	/* Asturian */
+/*{HB_TAG('a','t','h',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},*/	/* Athapascan [collection] -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('a','t','j',' '),	HB_TAG('R','C','R',' ')},	/* Atikamekw -> R-Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('a','t','v',' '),	HB_TAG('A','L','T',' ')},	/* Northern Altai -> Altai */
+  {HB_TAG('a','u','j',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Awjilah -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('a','u','z',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Uzbeki Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','v','l',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Eastern Egyptian Bedawi Arabic -> Arabic */
+/*{HB_TAG('a','v','n',' '),	HB_TAG('A','V','N',' ')},*/	/* Avatime */
+/*{HB_TAG('a','w','a',' '),	HB_TAG('A','W','A',' ')},*/	/* Awadhi */
+  {HB_TAG('a','y','c',' '),	HB_TAG('A','Y','M',' ')},	/* Southern Aymara -> Aymara */
+  {HB_TAG('a','y','h',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Hadrami Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','y','l',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Libyan Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','y','n',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Sanaani Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','y','p',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* North Mesopotamian Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('a','y','r',' '),	HB_TAG('A','Y','M',' ')},	/* Central Aymara -> Aymara */
+  {HB_TAG('a','z','b',' '),	HB_TAG('A','Z','B',' ')},	/* South Azerbaijani -> Torki */
+  {HB_TAG('a','z','b',' '),	HB_TAG('A','Z','E',' ')},	/* South Azerbaijani -> Azerbaijani */
+  {HB_TAG('a','z','d',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Eastern Durango Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('a','z','j',' '),	HB_TAG('A','Z','E',' ')},	/* North Azerbaijani -> Azerbaijani */
+  {HB_TAG('a','z','n',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Western Durango Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('a','z','z',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Highland Puebla Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('b','a','d',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Banda [collection] */
+  {HB_TAG('b','a','g',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tuki != Baghelkhandi */
+  {HB_TAG('b','a','h',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Bahamas Creole English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('b','a','i',' '),	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Bamileke [collection] */
+  {HB_TAG('b','a','l',' '),	HB_TAG('B','L','I',' ')},	/* Baluchi [macrolanguage] */
+/*{HB_TAG('b','a','n',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','N',' ')},*/	/* Balinese */
+/*{HB_TAG('b','a','r',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','R',' ')},*/	/* Bavarian */
+  {HB_TAG('b','a','u',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Bada (Nigeria) != Baulé */
+  {HB_TAG('b','b','c',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','C',' ')},	/* Batak Toba */
+  {HB_TAG('b','b','c',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},	/* Batak Toba -> Batak */
+  {HB_TAG('b','b','j',' '),	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Ghomálá' -> Bamileke */
+  {HB_TAG('b','b','p',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* West Central Banda -> Banda */
+  {HB_TAG('b','b','r',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Girawa != Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('b','b','z',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Babalia Creole Arabic (retired code) -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('b','c','c',' '),	HB_TAG('B','L','I',' ')},	/* Southern Balochi -> Baluchi */
+  {HB_TAG('b','c','h',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Bariai != Bench */
+  {HB_TAG('b','c','i',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','U',' ')},	/* Baoulé -> Baulé */
+  {HB_TAG('b','c','l',' '),	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Central Bikol -> Bikol */
+  {HB_TAG('b','c','q',' '),	HB_TAG('B','C','H',' ')},	/* Bench */
+  {HB_TAG('b','c','r',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Babine -> Athapaskan */
+/*{HB_TAG('b','d','y',' '),	HB_TAG('B','D','Y',' ')},*/	/* Bandjalang */
+  {HB_TAG('b','e','a',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Beaver -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('b','e','b',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Bebele -> Beti */
+/*{HB_TAG('b','e','m',' '),	HB_TAG('B','E','M',' ')},*/	/* Bemba (Zambia) */
+  {HB_TAG('b','e','r',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Berber [collection] */
+  {HB_TAG('b','e','w',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Betawi -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('b','f','l',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Banda-Ndélé -> Banda */
+  {HB_TAG('b','f','q',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D',' ')},	/* Badaga */
+  {HB_TAG('b','f','t',' '),	HB_TAG('B','L','T',' ')},	/* Balti */
+  {HB_TAG('b','f','u',' '),	HB_TAG('L','A','H',' ')},	/* Gahri -> Lahuli */
+  {HB_TAG('b','f','y',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','G',' ')},	/* Bagheli -> Baghelkhandi */
+/*{HB_TAG('b','g','c',' '),	HB_TAG('B','G','C',' ')},*/	/* Haryanvi */
+  {HB_TAG('b','g','n',' '),	HB_TAG('B','L','I',' ')},	/* Western Balochi -> Baluchi */
+  {HB_TAG('b','g','p',' '),	HB_TAG('B','L','I',' ')},	/* Eastern Balochi -> Baluchi */
+  {HB_TAG('b','g','q',' '),	HB_TAG('B','G','Q',' ')},	/* Bagri */
+  {HB_TAG('b','g','q',' '),	HB_TAG('R','A','J',' ')},	/* Bagri -> Rajasthani */
+  {HB_TAG('b','g','r',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Bawm Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('b','h','b',' '),	HB_TAG('B','H','I',' ')},	/* Bhili */
+/*{HB_TAG('b','h','i',' '),	HB_TAG('B','H','I',' ')},*/	/* Bhilali -> Bhili */
+  {HB_TAG('b','h','k',' '),	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Albay Bicolano (retired code) -> Bikol */
+/*{HB_TAG('b','h','o',' '),	HB_TAG('B','H','O',' ')},*/	/* Bhojpuri */
+  {HB_TAG('b','h','r',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Bara Malagasy -> Malagasy */
+/*{HB_TAG('b','i','k',' '),	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},*/	/* Bikol [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('b','i','l',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Bile != Bilen */
+  {HB_TAG('b','i','n',' '),	HB_TAG('E','D','O',' ')},	/* Edo */
+  {HB_TAG('b','i','u',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Biete -> Chin */
+/*{HB_TAG('b','j','j',' '),	HB_TAG('B','J','J',' ')},*/	/* Kanauji */
+  {HB_TAG('b','j','n',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Banjar -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('b','j','o',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Mid-Southern Banda -> Banda */
+  {HB_TAG('b','j','q',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy (retired code) -> Malagasy */
+  {HB_TAG('b','j','s',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Bajan -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('b','j','t',' '),	HB_TAG('B','L','N',' ')},	/* Balanta-Ganja -> Balante */
+  {HB_TAG('b','k','f',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Beeke != Blackfoot */
+  {HB_TAG('b','k','o',' '),	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Kwa' -> Bamileke */
+  {HB_TAG('b','l','a',' '),	HB_TAG('B','K','F',' ')},	/* Siksika -> Blackfoot */
+  {HB_TAG('b','l','e',' '),	HB_TAG('B','L','N',' ')},	/* Balanta-Kentohe -> Balante */
+  {HB_TAG('b','l','g',' '),	HB_TAG('I','B','A',' ')},	/* Balau (retired code) -> Iban */
+  {HB_TAG('b','l','i',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Bolia != Baluchi */
+  {HB_TAG('b','l','k',' '),	HB_TAG('B','L','K',' ')},	/* Pa’o Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('b','l','k',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Pa'o Karen -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('b','l','n',' '),	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Southern Catanduanes Bikol -> Bikol */
+  {HB_TAG('b','l','t',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tai Dam != Balti */
+  {HB_TAG('b','m','b',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Bembe != Bambara (Bamanankan) */
+  {HB_TAG('b','m','l',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Bomboli != Bamileke */
+  {HB_TAG('b','m','m',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Northern Betsimisaraka Malagasy -> Malagasy */
+  {HB_TAG('b','p','d',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Banda-Banda -> Banda */
+  {HB_TAG('b','p','l',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Broome Pearling Lugger Pidgin -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('b','p','q',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Banda Malay -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('b','p','y',' '),	HB_TAG('B','P','Y',' ')},*/	/* Bishnupriya -> Bishnupriya Manipuri */
+  {HB_TAG('b','q','i',' '),	HB_TAG('L','R','C',' ')},	/* Bakhtiari -> Luri */
+  {HB_TAG('b','q','k',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Banda-Mbrès -> Banda */
+  {HB_TAG('b','r','a',' '),	HB_TAG('B','R','I',' ')},	/* Braj -> Braj Bhasha */
+  {HB_TAG('b','r','c',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Berbice Creole Dutch -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('b','r','h',' '),	HB_TAG('B','R','H',' ')},*/	/* Brahui */
+  {HB_TAG('b','r','i',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Mokpwe != Braj Bhasha */
+  {HB_TAG('b','r','m',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Barambu != Burmese */
+/*{HB_TAG('b','r','x',' '),	HB_TAG('B','R','X',' ')},*/	/* Bodo (India) */
+  {HB_TAG('b','s','h',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kati != Bashkir */
+/*{HB_TAG('b','s','k',' '),	HB_TAG('B','S','K',' ')},*/	/* Burushaski */
+  {HB_TAG('b','t','b',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Beti (Cameroon) (retired code) */
+  {HB_TAG('b','t','d',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','D',' ')},	/* Batak Dairi (Pakpak) */
+  {HB_TAG('b','t','d',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},	/* Batak Dairi -> Batak */
+  {HB_TAG('b','t','i',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Burate != Beti */
+  {HB_TAG('b','t','j',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Bacanese Malay -> Malay */
+/*{HB_TAG('b','t','k',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},*/	/* Batak [collection] */
+  {HB_TAG('b','t','m',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','M',' ')},	/* Batak Mandailing */
+  {HB_TAG('b','t','m',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},	/* Batak Mandailing -> Batak */
+  {HB_TAG('b','t','o',' '),	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Rinconada Bikol -> Bikol */
+  {HB_TAG('b','t','s',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','S',' ')},	/* Batak Simalungun */
+  {HB_TAG('b','t','s',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},	/* Batak Simalungun -> Batak */
+  {HB_TAG('b','t','x',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','X',' ')},	/* Batak Karo */
+  {HB_TAG('b','t','x',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},	/* Batak Karo -> Batak */
+  {HB_TAG('b','t','z',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','Z',' ')},	/* Batak Alas-Kluet */
+  {HB_TAG('b','t','z',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','K',' ')},	/* Batak Alas-Kluet -> Batak */
+/*{HB_TAG('b','u','g',' '),	HB_TAG('B','U','G',' ')},*/	/* Buginese -> Bugis */
+  {HB_TAG('b','u','m',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Bulu (Cameroon) -> Beti */
+  {HB_TAG('b','v','e',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Berau Malay -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('b','v','u',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Bukit Malay -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('b','w','e',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Bwe Karen -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('b','x','k',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Bukusu -> Luyia */
+  {HB_TAG('b','x','o',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Barikanchi -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('b','x','p',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Bebil -> Beti */
+  {HB_TAG('b','x','r',' '),	HB_TAG('R','B','U',' ')},	/* Russia Buriat -> Russian Buriat */
+  {HB_TAG('b','y','n',' '),	HB_TAG('B','I','L',' ')},	/* Bilin -> Bilen */
+  {HB_TAG('b','y','v',' '),	HB_TAG('B','Y','V',' ')},	/* Medumba */
+  {HB_TAG('b','y','v',' '),	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Medumba -> Bamileke */
+  {HB_TAG('b','z','c',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Southern Betsimisaraka Malagasy -> Malagasy */
+  {HB_TAG('b','z','j',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Belize Kriol English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('b','z','k',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Nicaragua Creole English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('c','a','a',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Chortí -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('c','a','c',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Chuj -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('c','a','f',' '),	HB_TAG('C','R','R',' ')},	/* Southern Carrier -> Carrier */
+  {HB_TAG('c','a','f',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Southern Carrier -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('c','a','k',' '),	HB_TAG('C','A','K',' ')},	/* Kaqchikel */
+  {HB_TAG('c','a','k',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Kaqchikel -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('c','b','k',' '),	HB_TAG('C','B','K',' ')},	/* Chavacano -> Zamboanga Chavacano */
+  {HB_TAG('c','b','k',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Chavacano -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('c','b','l',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Bualkhaw Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','c','l',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Cutchi-Swahili -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('c','c','m',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Malaccan Creole Malay -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('c','c','o',' '),	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Comaltepec Chinantec -> Chinantec */
+  {HB_TAG('c','c','q',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','K',' ')},	/* Chaungtha (retired code) -> Rakhine */
+  {HB_TAG('c','d','o',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Min Dong Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
+/*{HB_TAG('c','e','b',' '),	HB_TAG('C','E','B',' ')},*/	/* Cebuano */
+  {HB_TAG('c','e','k',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Eastern Khumi Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','e','y',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Ekai Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','f','m',' '),	HB_TAG('H','A','L',' ')},	/* Halam (Falam Chin) */
+  {HB_TAG('c','f','m',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Falam Chin -> Chin */
+/*{HB_TAG('c','g','g',' '),	HB_TAG('C','G','G',' ')},*/	/* Chiga */
+  {HB_TAG('c','h','f',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Tabasco Chontal -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('c','h','g',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Chagatai != Chaha Gurage */
+  {HB_TAG('c','h','h',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Chinook != Chattisgarhi */
+  {HB_TAG('c','h','j',' '),	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Ojitlán Chinantec -> Chinantec */
+  {HB_TAG('c','h','k',' '),	HB_TAG('C','H','K','0')},	/* Chuukese */
+  {HB_TAG('c','h','m',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','A',' ')},	/* Mari (Russia) [macrolanguage] -> High Mari */
+  {HB_TAG('c','h','m',' '),	HB_TAG('L','M','A',' ')},	/* Mari (Russia) [macrolanguage] -> Low Mari */
+  {HB_TAG('c','h','n',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Chinook jargon -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('c','h','o',' '),	HB_TAG('C','H','O',' ')},*/	/* Choctaw */
+  {HB_TAG('c','h','p',' '),	HB_TAG('C','H','P',' ')},	/* Chipewyan */
+  {HB_TAG('c','h','p',' '),	HB_TAG('S','A','Y',' ')},	/* Chipewyan -> Sayisi */
+  {HB_TAG('c','h','p',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Chipewyan -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('c','h','q',' '),	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Quiotepec Chinantec -> Chinantec */
+/*{HB_TAG('c','h','r',' '),	HB_TAG('C','H','R',' ')},*/	/* Cherokee */
+/*{HB_TAG('c','h','y',' '),	HB_TAG('C','H','Y',' ')},*/	/* Cheyenne */
+  {HB_TAG('c','h','z',' '),	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Ozumacín Chinantec -> Chinantec */
+  {HB_TAG('c','i','w',' '),	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},	/* Chippewa -> Ojibway */
+/*{HB_TAG('c','j','a',' '),	HB_TAG('C','J','A',' ')},*/	/* Western Cham */
+/*{HB_TAG('c','j','m',' '),	HB_TAG('C','J','M',' ')},*/	/* Eastern Cham */
+  {HB_TAG('c','j','y',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Jinyu Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
+  {HB_TAG('c','k','a',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Khumi Awa Chin (retired code) -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','k','b',' '),	HB_TAG('K','U','R',' ')},	/* Central Kurdish -> Kurdish */
+  {HB_TAG('c','k','n',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Kaang Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','k','s',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Tayo -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('c','k','t',' '),	HB_TAG('C','H','K',' ')},	/* Chukot -> Chukchi */
+  {HB_TAG('c','k','z',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Cakchiquel-Quiché Mixed Language -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('c','l','c',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Chilcotin -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('c','l','d',' '),	HB_TAG('S','Y','R',' ')},	/* Chaldean Neo-Aramaic -> Syriac */
+  {HB_TAG('c','l','e',' '),	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Lealao Chinantec -> Chinantec */
+  {HB_TAG('c','l','j',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Laitu Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','l','t',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Lautu Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','m','n',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Mandarin Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
+  {HB_TAG('c','m','r',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Mro-Khimi Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','n','b',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Chinbon Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','n','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Hakha Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','n','k',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Khumi Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','n','l',' '),	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Lalana Chinantec -> Chinantec */
+  {HB_TAG('c','n','p',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Northern Ping Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
+  {HB_TAG('c','n','r',' '),	HB_TAG('S','R','B',' ')},	/* Montenegrin -> Serbian */
+  {HB_TAG('c','n','t',' '),	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Tepetotutla Chinantec -> Chinantec */
+  {HB_TAG('c','n','u',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Chenoua -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('c','n','w',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Ngawn Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','o','a',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Cocos Islands Malay -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('c','o','b',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Chicomuceltec -> Mayan */
+/*{HB_TAG('c','o','p',' '),	HB_TAG('C','O','P',' ')},*/	/* Coptic */
+  {HB_TAG('c','o','q',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Coquille -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('c','p','a',' '),	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Palantla Chinantec -> Chinantec */
+  {HB_TAG('c','p','e',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* English-based creoles and pidgins [collection] -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('c','p','f',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* French-based creoles and pidgins [collection] -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('c','p','i',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Chinese Pidgin English -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('c','p','p',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},*/	/* Portuguese-based creoles and pidgins [collection] -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('c','p','x',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Pu-Xian Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
+  {HB_TAG('c','q','d',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Chuanqiandian Cluster Miao -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('c','q','u',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','H',' ')},	/* Chilean Quechua (retired code) -> Quechua (Bolivia) */
+  {HB_TAG('c','q','u',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Chilean Quechua (retired code) -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','h',' '),	HB_TAG('C','R','T',' ')},	/* Crimean Tatar */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','i',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Sãotomense -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','j',' '),	HB_TAG('E','C','R',' ')},	/* Southern East Cree -> Eastern Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','j',' '),	HB_TAG('Y','C','R',' ')},	/* Southern East Cree -> Y-Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','j',' '),	HB_TAG('C','R','E',' ')},	/* Southern East Cree -> Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','k',' '),	HB_TAG('W','C','R',' ')},	/* Plains Cree -> West-Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','k',' '),	HB_TAG('Y','C','R',' ')},	/* Plains Cree -> Y-Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','k',' '),	HB_TAG('C','R','E',' ')},	/* Plains Cree -> Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','l',' '),	HB_TAG('E','C','R',' ')},	/* Northern East Cree -> Eastern Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','l',' '),	HB_TAG('Y','C','R',' ')},	/* Northern East Cree -> Y-Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','l',' '),	HB_TAG('C','R','E',' ')},	/* Northern East Cree -> Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','m',' '),	HB_TAG('M','C','R',' ')},	/* Moose Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','m',' '),	HB_TAG('L','C','R',' ')},	/* Moose Cree -> L-Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','m',' '),	HB_TAG('C','R','E',' ')},	/* Moose Cree -> Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','p',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Creoles and pidgins [collection] -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','r',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Carolina Algonquian != Carrier */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','s',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Seselwa Creole French -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','t',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Iyojwa'ja Chorote != Crimean Tatar */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','x',' '),	HB_TAG('C','R','R',' ')},	/* Carrier */
+  {HB_TAG('c','r','x',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Carrier -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('c','s','a',' '),	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Chiltepec Chinantec -> Chinantec */
+/*{HB_TAG('c','s','b',' '),	HB_TAG('C','S','B',' ')},*/	/* Kashubian */
+  {HB_TAG('c','s','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Asho Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','s','j',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Songlai Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','s','l',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Chinese Sign Language != Church Slavonic */
+  {HB_TAG('c','s','o',' '),	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Sochiapam Chinantec -> Chinantec */
+  {HB_TAG('c','s','p',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Southern Ping Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
+  {HB_TAG('c','s','v',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Sumtu Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','s','w',' '),	HB_TAG('N','C','R',' ')},	/* Swampy Cree -> N-Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','s','w',' '),	HB_TAG('N','H','C',' ')},	/* Swampy Cree -> Norway House Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','s','w',' '),	HB_TAG('C','R','E',' ')},	/* Swampy Cree -> Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','s','y',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Siyin Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','t','c',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Chetco -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('c','t','d',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Tedim Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','t','e',' '),	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Tepinapa Chinantec -> Chinantec */
+/*{HB_TAG('c','t','g',' '),	HB_TAG('C','T','G',' ')},*/	/* Chittagonian */
+  {HB_TAG('c','t','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Thaiphum Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('c','t','l',' '),	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Tlacoatzintepec Chinantec -> Chinantec */
+  {HB_TAG('c','t','s',' '),	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Northern Catanduanes Bikol -> Bikol */
+/*{HB_TAG('c','t','t',' '),	HB_TAG('C','T','T',' ')},*/	/* Wayanad Chetti */
+  {HB_TAG('c','t','u',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Chol -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('c','u','c',' '),	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Usila Chinantec -> Chinantec */
+/*{HB_TAG('c','u','k',' '),	HB_TAG('C','U','K',' ')},*/	/* San Blas Kuna */
+  {HB_TAG('c','v','n',' '),	HB_TAG('C','C','H','N')},	/* Valle Nacional Chinantec -> Chinantec */
+  {HB_TAG('c','w','d',' '),	HB_TAG('D','C','R',' ')},	/* Woods Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','w','d',' '),	HB_TAG('T','C','R',' ')},	/* Woods Cree -> TH-Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','w','d',' '),	HB_TAG('C','R','E',' ')},	/* Woods Cree -> Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('c','z','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Huizhou Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
+  {HB_TAG('c','z','o',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Min Zhong Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
+  {HB_TAG('c','z','t',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Zotung Chin -> Chin */
+/*{HB_TAG('d','a','g',' '),	HB_TAG('D','A','G',' ')},*/	/* Dagbani */
+  {HB_TAG('d','a','o',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Daai Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('d','a','p',' '),	HB_TAG('N','I','S',' ')},	/* Nisi (India) (retired code) */
+/*{HB_TAG('d','a','r',' '),	HB_TAG('D','A','R',' ')},*/	/* Dargwa */
+/*{HB_TAG('d','a','x',' '),	HB_TAG('D','A','X',' ')},*/	/* Dayi */
+  {HB_TAG('d','c','r',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Negerhollands -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('d','e','n',' '),	HB_TAG('S','L','A',' ')},	/* Slave (Athapascan) [macrolanguage] -> Slavey */
+  {HB_TAG('d','e','n',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Slave (Athapascan) [macrolanguage] -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('d','e','p',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Pidgin Delaware -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('d','g','o',' '),	HB_TAG('D','G','O',' ')},	/* Dogri (individual language) */
+  {HB_TAG('d','g','o',' '),	HB_TAG('D','G','R',' ')},	/* Dogri (macrolanguage) */
+  {HB_TAG('d','g','r',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Dogrib -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('d','h','d',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','W',' ')},	/* Dhundari -> Marwari */
+/*{HB_TAG('d','h','g',' '),	HB_TAG('D','H','G',' ')},*/	/* Dhangu */
+  {HB_TAG('d','h','v',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Dehu != Divehi (Dhivehi, Maldivian) (deprecated) */
+  {HB_TAG('d','i','b',' '),	HB_TAG('D','N','K',' ')},	/* South Central Dinka -> Dinka */
+  {HB_TAG('d','i','k',' '),	HB_TAG('D','N','K',' ')},	/* Southwestern Dinka -> Dinka */
+  {HB_TAG('d','i','n',' '),	HB_TAG('D','N','K',' ')},	/* Dinka [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('d','i','p',' '),	HB_TAG('D','N','K',' ')},	/* Northeastern Dinka -> Dinka */
+  {HB_TAG('d','i','q',' '),	HB_TAG('D','I','Q',' ')},	/* Dimli */
+  {HB_TAG('d','i','q',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','Z','A',' ')},	/* Dimli -> Zazaki */
+  {HB_TAG('d','i','w',' '),	HB_TAG('D','N','K',' ')},	/* Northwestern Dinka -> Dinka */
+  {HB_TAG('d','j','e',' '),	HB_TAG('D','J','R',' ')},	/* Zarma */
+  {HB_TAG('d','j','k',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Eastern Maroon Creole -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('d','j','r',' '),	HB_TAG('D','J','R','0')},	/* Djambarrpuyngu */
+  {HB_TAG('d','k','s',' '),	HB_TAG('D','N','K',' ')},	/* Southeastern Dinka -> Dinka */
+  {HB_TAG('d','n','g',' '),	HB_TAG('D','U','N',' ')},	/* Dungan */
+/*{HB_TAG('d','n','j',' '),	HB_TAG('D','N','J',' ')},*/	/* Dan */
+  {HB_TAG('d','n','k',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Dengka != Dinka */
+  {HB_TAG('d','o','i',' '),	HB_TAG('D','G','R',' ')},	/* Dogri (macrolanguage) [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('d','r','h',' '),	HB_TAG('M','N','G',' ')},	/* Darkhat (retired code) -> Mongolian */
+  {HB_TAG('d','r','i',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* C'Lela != Dari */
+  {HB_TAG('d','r','w',' '),	HB_TAG('D','R','I',' ')},	/* Darwazi (retired code) -> Dari */
+  {HB_TAG('d','r','w',' '),	HB_TAG('F','A','R',' ')},	/* Darwazi (retired code) -> Persian */
+  {HB_TAG('d','s','b',' '),	HB_TAG('L','S','B',' ')},	/* Lower Sorbian */
+  {HB_TAG('d','t','y',' '),	HB_TAG('N','E','P',' ')},	/* Dotyali -> Nepali */
+/*{HB_TAG('d','u','j',' '),	HB_TAG('D','U','J',' ')},*/	/* Dhuwal (retired code) */
+  {HB_TAG('d','u','n',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Dusun Deyah != Dungan */
+  {HB_TAG('d','u','p',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Duano -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('d','w','k',' '),	HB_TAG('K','U','I',' ')},	/* Dawik Kui -> Kui */
+  {HB_TAG('d','w','u',' '),	HB_TAG('D','U','J',' ')},	/* Dhuwal */
+  {HB_TAG('d','w','y',' '),	HB_TAG('D','U','J',' ')},	/* Dhuwaya -> Dhuwal */
+  {HB_TAG('d','y','u',' '),	HB_TAG('J','U','L',' ')},	/* Dyula -> Jula */
+  {HB_TAG('d','z','n',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Dzando != Dzongkha */
+  {HB_TAG('e','c','r',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Eteocretan != Eastern Cree */
+/*{HB_TAG('e','f','i',' '),	HB_TAG('E','F','I',' ')},*/	/* Efik */
+  {HB_TAG('e','k','k',' '),	HB_TAG('E','T','I',' ')},	/* Standard Estonian -> Estonian */
+  {HB_TAG('e','k','y',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Eastern Kayah -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('e','m','k',' '),	HB_TAG('E','M','K',' ')},	/* Eastern Maninkakan */
+  {HB_TAG('e','m','k',' '),	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Eastern Maninkakan -> Maninka */
+  {HB_TAG('e','m','y',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Epigraphic Mayan -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('e','n','b',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Markweeta -> Kalenjin */
+  {HB_TAG('e','n','f',' '),	HB_TAG('F','N','E',' ')},	/* Forest Enets */
+  {HB_TAG('e','n','h',' '),	HB_TAG('T','N','E',' ')},	/* Tundra Enets */
+  {HB_TAG('e','s','g',' '),	HB_TAG('G','O','N',' ')},	/* Aheri Gondi -> Gondi */
+  {HB_TAG('e','s','i',' '),	HB_TAG('I','P','K',' ')},	/* North Alaskan Inupiatun -> Inupiat */
+  {HB_TAG('e','s','k',' '),	HB_TAG('I','P','K',' ')},	/* Northwest Alaska Inupiatun -> Inupiat */
+/*{HB_TAG('e','s','u',' '),	HB_TAG('E','S','U',' ')},*/	/* Central Yupik */
+  {HB_TAG('e','t','o',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Eton (Cameroon) -> Beti */
+  {HB_TAG('e','u','q',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Basque [collection] != Basque */
+  {HB_TAG('e','v','e',' '),	HB_TAG('E','V','N',' ')},	/* Even */
+  {HB_TAG('e','v','n',' '),	HB_TAG('E','V','K',' ')},	/* Evenki */
+  {HB_TAG('e','w','o',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Ewondo -> Beti */
+  {HB_TAG('e','y','o',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Keiyo -> Kalenjin */
+  {HB_TAG('f','a','b',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Fa d'Ambu -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('f','a','n',' '),	HB_TAG('F','A','N','0')},	/* Fang (Equatorial Guinea) */
+  {HB_TAG('f','a','n',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Fang (Equatorial Guinea) -> Beti */
+  {HB_TAG('f','a','r',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Fataleka != Persian */
+  {HB_TAG('f','a','t',' '),	HB_TAG('F','A','T',' ')},	/* Fanti */
+  {HB_TAG('f','a','t',' '),	HB_TAG('A','K','A',' ')},	/* Fanti -> Akan */
+  {HB_TAG('f','b','l',' '),	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* West Albay Bikol -> Bikol */
+  {HB_TAG('f','f','m',' '),	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Maasina Fulfulde -> Fulah */
+  {HB_TAG('f','i','l',' '),	HB_TAG('P','I','L',' ')},	/* Filipino */
+  {HB_TAG('f','l','m',' '),	HB_TAG('H','A','L',' ')},	/* Halam (Falam Chin) (retired code) */
+  {HB_TAG('f','l','m',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Falam Chin (retired code) -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('f','m','p',' '),	HB_TAG('F','M','P',' ')},	/* Fe’fe’ */
+  {HB_TAG('f','m','p',' '),	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Fe'fe' -> Bamileke */
+  {HB_TAG('f','n','g',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Fanagalo -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('f','o','n',' '),	HB_TAG('F','O','N',' ')},*/	/* Fon */
+  {HB_TAG('f','o','s',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Siraya != Faroese */
+  {HB_TAG('f','p','e',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Fernando Po Creole English -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('f','r','c',' '),	HB_TAG('F','R','C',' ')},*/	/* Cajun French */
+/*{HB_TAG('f','r','p',' '),	HB_TAG('F','R','P',' ')},*/	/* Arpitan */
+  {HB_TAG('f','u','b',' '),	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Adamawa Fulfulde -> Fulah */
+  {HB_TAG('f','u','c',' '),	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Pulaar -> Fulah */
+  {HB_TAG('f','u','e',' '),	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Borgu Fulfulde -> Fulah */
+  {HB_TAG('f','u','f',' '),	HB_TAG('F','T','A',' ')},	/* Pular -> Futa */
+  {HB_TAG('f','u','f',' '),	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Pular -> Fulah */
+  {HB_TAG('f','u','h',' '),	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Western Niger Fulfulde -> Fulah */
+  {HB_TAG('f','u','i',' '),	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Bagirmi Fulfulde -> Fulah */
+  {HB_TAG('f','u','q',' '),	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Central-Eastern Niger Fulfulde -> Fulah */
+  {HB_TAG('f','u','r',' '),	HB_TAG('F','R','L',' ')},	/* Friulian */
+  {HB_TAG('f','u','v',' '),	HB_TAG('F','U','V',' ')},	/* Nigerian Fulfulde */
+  {HB_TAG('f','u','v',' '),	HB_TAG('F','U','L',' ')},	/* Nigerian Fulfulde -> Fulah */
+  {HB_TAG('g','a','a',' '),	HB_TAG('G','A','D',' ')},	/* Ga */
+  {HB_TAG('g','a','c',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Mixed Great Andamanese -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('g','a','d',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Gaddang != Ga */
+  {HB_TAG('g','a','e',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Guarequena != Scottish Gaelic (Gaelic) */
+/*{HB_TAG('g','a','g',' '),	HB_TAG('G','A','G',' ')},*/	/* Gagauz */
+  {HB_TAG('g','a','l',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Galolen != Galician */
+  {HB_TAG('g','a','n',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Gan Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
+  {HB_TAG('g','a','r',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Galeya != Garshuni */
+  {HB_TAG('g','a','w',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Nobonob != Garhwali */
+  {HB_TAG('g','a','x',' '),	HB_TAG('O','R','O',' ')},	/* Borana-Arsi-Guji Oromo -> Oromo */
+  {HB_TAG('g','a','z',' '),	HB_TAG('O','R','O',' ')},	/* West Central Oromo -> Oromo */
+  {HB_TAG('g','b','m',' '),	HB_TAG('G','A','W',' ')},	/* Garhwali */
+  {HB_TAG('g','c','e',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Galice -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('g','c','f',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Guadeloupean Creole French -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('g','c','l',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Grenadian Creole English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('g','c','r',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Guianese Creole French -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('g','d','a',' '),	HB_TAG('R','A','J',' ')},	/* Gade Lohar -> Rajasthani */
+/*{HB_TAG('g','e','z',' '),	HB_TAG('G','E','Z',' ')},*/	/* Geez */
+  {HB_TAG('g','g','o',' '),	HB_TAG('G','O','N',' ')},	/* Southern Gondi (retired code) -> Gondi */
+  {HB_TAG('g','h','a',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Ghadamès -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('g','h','k',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Geko Karen -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('g','h','o',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Ghomara -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('g','i','b',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Gibanawa -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('g','i','h',' '),	HB_TAG('G','I','H',' ')},*/	/* Githabul */
+  {HB_TAG('g','i','l',' '),	HB_TAG('G','I','L','0')},	/* Kiribati (Gilbertese) */
+  {HB_TAG('g','j','u',' '),	HB_TAG('R','A','J',' ')},	/* Gujari -> Rajasthani */
+  {HB_TAG('g','k','p',' '),	HB_TAG('G','K','P',' ')},	/* Guinea Kpelle -> Kpelle (Guinea) */
+  {HB_TAG('g','k','p',' '),	HB_TAG('K','P','L',' ')},	/* Guinea Kpelle -> Kpelle */
+  {HB_TAG('g','l','d',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','N',' ')},	/* Nanai */
+/*{HB_TAG('g','l','k',' '),	HB_TAG('G','L','K',' ')},*/	/* Gilaki */
+  {HB_TAG('g','m','z',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Mgbolizhia != Gumuz */
+  {HB_TAG('g','n','b',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Gangte -> Chin */
+/*{HB_TAG('g','n','n',' '),	HB_TAG('G','N','N',' ')},*/	/* Gumatj */
+  {HB_TAG('g','n','o',' '),	HB_TAG('G','O','N',' ')},	/* Northern Gondi -> Gondi */
+  {HB_TAG('g','n','w',' '),	HB_TAG('G','U','A',' ')},	/* Western Bolivian Guaraní -> Guarani */
+/*{HB_TAG('g','o','g',' '),	HB_TAG('G','O','G',' ')},*/	/* Gogo */
+  {HB_TAG('g','o','m',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','K',' ')},	/* Goan Konkani -> Konkani */
+/*{HB_TAG('g','o','n',' '),	HB_TAG('G','O','N',' ')},*/	/* Gondi [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('g','o','q',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Gorap -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('g','o','x',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Gobu -> Banda */
+  {HB_TAG('g','p','e',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Ghanaian Pidgin English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('g','r','o',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Groma != Garo */
+  {HB_TAG('g','r','r',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Taznatit -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('g','r','t',' '),	HB_TAG('G','R','O',' ')},	/* Garo */
+  {HB_TAG('g','r','u',' '),	HB_TAG('S','O','G',' ')},	/* Kistane -> Sodo Gurage */
+  {HB_TAG('g','s','w',' '),	HB_TAG('A','L','S',' ')},	/* Alsatian */
+  {HB_TAG('g','u','a',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Shiki != Guarani */
+/*{HB_TAG('g','u','c',' '),	HB_TAG('G','U','C',' ')},*/	/* Wayuu */
+/*{HB_TAG('g','u','f',' '),	HB_TAG('G','U','F',' ')},*/	/* Gupapuyngu */
+  {HB_TAG('g','u','g',' '),	HB_TAG('G','U','A',' ')},	/* Paraguayan Guaraní -> Guarani */
+  {HB_TAG('g','u','i',' '),	HB_TAG('G','U','A',' ')},	/* Eastern Bolivian Guaraní -> Guarani */
+  {HB_TAG('g','u','k',' '),	HB_TAG('G','M','Z',' ')},	/* Gumuz */
+  {HB_TAG('g','u','l',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Sea Island Creole English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('g','u','n',' '),	HB_TAG('G','U','A',' ')},	/* Mbyá Guaraní -> Guarani */
+/*{HB_TAG('g','u','z',' '),	HB_TAG('G','U','Z',' ')},*/	/* Gusii */
+  {HB_TAG('g','w','i',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Gwichʼin -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('g','y','n',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Guyanese Creole English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('h','a','a',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Han -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('h','a','e',' '),	HB_TAG('O','R','O',' ')},	/* Eastern Oromo -> Oromo */
+  {HB_TAG('h','a','i',' '),	HB_TAG('H','A','I','0')},	/* Haida [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('h','a','k',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Hakka Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
+  {HB_TAG('h','a','l',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Halang != Halam (Falam Chin) */
+  {HB_TAG('h','a','r',' '),	HB_TAG('H','R','I',' ')},	/* Harari */
+/*{HB_TAG('h','a','w',' '),	HB_TAG('H','A','W',' ')},*/	/* Hawaiian */
+  {HB_TAG('h','a','x',' '),	HB_TAG('H','A','I','0')},	/* Southern Haida -> Haida */
+/*{HB_TAG('h','a','y',' '),	HB_TAG('H','A','Y',' ')},*/	/* Haya */
+/*{HB_TAG('h','a','z',' '),	HB_TAG('H','A','Z',' ')},*/	/* Hazaragi */
+  {HB_TAG('h','b','n',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Heiban != Hammer-Banna */
+  {HB_TAG('h','c','a',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Andaman Creole Hindi -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('h','d','n',' '),	HB_TAG('H','A','I','0')},	/* Northern Haida -> Haida */
+  {HB_TAG('h','e','a',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Northern Qiandong Miao -> Hmong */
+/*{HB_TAG('h','e','i',' '),	HB_TAG('H','E','I',' ')},*/	/* Heiltsuk */
+/*{HB_TAG('h','i','l',' '),	HB_TAG('H','I','L',' ')},*/	/* Hiligaynon */
+  {HB_TAG('h','j','i',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Haji -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('h','l','t',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Matu Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','a',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Southern Mashan Hmong -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','c',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Central Huishui Hmong -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','d',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','D',' ')},	/* Large Flowery Miao -> A-Hmao */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','d',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Large Flowery Miao -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','e',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Eastern Huishui Hmong -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','g',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Southwestern Guiyang Hmong -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','h',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Southwestern Huishui Hmong -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','i',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Northern Huishui Hmong -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','j',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Ge -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','l',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Luopohe Hmong -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','m',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Central Mashan Hmong -> Hmong */
+/*{HB_TAG('h','m','n',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},*/	/* Hmong [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','p',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Northern Mashan Hmong -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','q',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Eastern Qiandong Miao -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','r',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Hmar -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','s',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Southern Qiandong Miao -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','w',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Western Mashan Hmong -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','y',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Southern Guiyang Hmong -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','z',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','Z',' ')},	/* Hmong Shua -> Hmong Shuat */
+  {HB_TAG('h','m','z',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Hmong Shua -> Hmong */
+/*{HB_TAG('h','n','d',' '),	HB_TAG('H','N','D',' ')},*/	/* Southern Hindko -> Hindko */
+  {HB_TAG('h','n','e',' '),	HB_TAG('C','H','H',' ')},	/* Chhattisgarhi -> Chattisgarhi */
+  {HB_TAG('h','n','j',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Hmong Njua -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','n','o',' '),	HB_TAG('H','N','D',' ')},	/* Northern Hindko -> Hindko */
+  {HB_TAG('h','o','c',' '),	HB_TAG('H','O',' ',' ')},	/* Ho */
+  {HB_TAG('h','o','i',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Holikachuk -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('h','o','j',' '),	HB_TAG('H','A','R',' ')},	/* Hadothi -> Harauti */
+  {HB_TAG('h','o','j',' '),	HB_TAG('R','A','J',' ')},	/* Hadothi -> Rajasthani */
+  {HB_TAG('h','r','a',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Hrangkhol -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('h','r','m',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Horned Miao -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','s','b',' '),	HB_TAG('U','S','B',' ')},	/* Upper Sorbian */
+  {HB_TAG('h','s','n',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Xiang Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
+  {HB_TAG('h','u','j',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Northern Guiyang Hmong -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('h','u','p',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Hupa -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('h','u','s',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Huastec -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('h','w','c',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Hawai'i Creole English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('h','y','w',' '),	HB_TAG('H','Y','E',' ')},	/* Western Armenian -> Armenian */
+/*{HB_TAG('i','b','a',' '),	HB_TAG('I','B','A',' ')},*/	/* Iban */
+/*{HB_TAG('i','b','b',' '),	HB_TAG('I','B','B',' ')},*/	/* Ibibio */
+  {HB_TAG('i','b','y',' '),	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Ibani -> Ijo */
+  {HB_TAG('i','c','r',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Islander Creole English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('i','d','a',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Idakho-Isukha-Tiriki -> Luyia */
+  {HB_TAG('i','d','b',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Indo-Portuguese -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('i','g','b',' '),	HB_TAG('E','B','I',' ')},	/* Ebira */
+  {HB_TAG('i','h','b',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Iha Based Pidgin -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('i','j','c',' '),	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Izon -> Ijo */
+  {HB_TAG('i','j','e',' '),	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Biseni -> Ijo */
+  {HB_TAG('i','j','n',' '),	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Kalabari -> Ijo */
+/*{HB_TAG('i','j','o',' '),	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},*/	/* Ijo [collection] */
+  {HB_TAG('i','j','s',' '),	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Southeast Ijo -> Ijo */
+  {HB_TAG('i','k','e',' '),	HB_TAG('I','N','U',' ')},	/* Eastern Canadian Inuktitut -> Inuktitut */
+  {HB_TAG('i','k','e',' '),	HB_TAG('I','N','U','K')},	/* Eastern Canadian Inuktitut -> Nunavik Inuktitut */
+  {HB_TAG('i','k','t',' '),	HB_TAG('I','N','U',' ')},	/* Inuinnaqtun -> Inuktitut */
+/*{HB_TAG('i','l','o',' '),	HB_TAG('I','L','O',' ')},*/	/* Iloko -> Ilokano */
+  {HB_TAG('i','n','g',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Degexit'an -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('i','n','h',' '),	HB_TAG('I','N','G',' ')},	/* Ingush */
+  {HB_TAG('i','r','i',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Rigwe != Irish */
+/*{HB_TAG('i','r','u',' '),	HB_TAG('I','R','U',' ')},*/	/* Irula */
+  {HB_TAG('i','s','m',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Masimasi != Inari Sami */
+  {HB_TAG('i','t','z',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Itzá -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('i','x','l',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Ixil -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('j','a','c',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Popti' -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('j','a','k',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Jakun -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('j','a','m',' '),	HB_TAG('J','A','M',' ')},	/* Jamaican Creole English -> Jamaican Creole */
+  {HB_TAG('j','a','m',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Jamaican Creole English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('j','a','n',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Jandai != Japanese */
+  {HB_TAG('j','a','x',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Jambi Malay -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('j','b','e',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Judeo-Berber -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('j','b','n',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Nafusi -> Berber */
+/*{HB_TAG('j','b','o',' '),	HB_TAG('J','B','O',' ')},*/	/* Lojban */
+/*{HB_TAG('j','c','t',' '),	HB_TAG('J','C','T',' ')},*/	/* Krymchak */
+  {HB_TAG('j','g','o',' '),	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Ngomba -> Bamileke */
+  {HB_TAG('j','i','i',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Jiiddu != Yiddish */
+  {HB_TAG('j','k','m',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Mobwa Karen -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('j','k','p',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Paku Karen -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('j','u','d',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Worodougou != Ladino */
+  {HB_TAG('j','u','l',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Jirel != Jula */
+  {HB_TAG('j','v','d',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Javindo -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('k','a','a',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','K',' ')},	/* Karakalpak */
+  {HB_TAG('k','a','b',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','B','0')},	/* Kabyle */
+  {HB_TAG('k','a','b',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Kabyle -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('k','a','c',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kachin != Kachchi */
+  {HB_TAG('k','a','m',' '),	HB_TAG('K','M','B',' ')},	/* Kamba (Kenya) */
+  {HB_TAG('k','a','r',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Karen [collection] */
+/*{HB_TAG('k','a','w',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','W',' ')},*/	/* Kawi (Old Javanese) */
+  {HB_TAG('k','b','d',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','B',' ')},	/* Kabardian */
+  {HB_TAG('k','b','y',' '),	HB_TAG('K','N','R',' ')},	/* Manga Kanuri -> Kanuri */
+  {HB_TAG('k','c','a',' '),	HB_TAG('K','H','K',' ')},	/* Khanty -> Khanty-Kazim */
+  {HB_TAG('k','c','a',' '),	HB_TAG('K','H','S',' ')},	/* Khanty -> Khanty-Shurishkar */
+  {HB_TAG('k','c','a',' '),	HB_TAG('K','H','V',' ')},	/* Khanty -> Khanty-Vakhi */
+  {HB_TAG('k','c','n',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Nubi -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('k','d','e',' '),	HB_TAG('K','D','E',' ')},*/	/* Makonde */
+  {HB_TAG('k','d','r',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','M',' ')},	/* Karaim */
+  {HB_TAG('k','d','t',' '),	HB_TAG('K','U','Y',' ')},	/* Kuy */
+  {HB_TAG('k','e','a',' '),	HB_TAG('K','E','A',' ')},	/* Kabuverdianu (Crioulo) */
+  {HB_TAG('k','e','a',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Kabuverdianu -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('k','e','b',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kélé != Kebena */
+  {HB_TAG('k','e','k',' '),	HB_TAG('K','E','K',' ')},	/* Kekchi */
+  {HB_TAG('k','e','k',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Kekchí -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('k','e','x',' '),	HB_TAG('K','K','N',' ')},	/* Kukna -> Kokni */
+  {HB_TAG('k','f','a',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','D',' ')},	/* Kodava -> Kodagu */
+  {HB_TAG('k','f','r',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','C',' ')},	/* Kachhi -> Kachchi */
+  {HB_TAG('k','f','x',' '),	HB_TAG('K','U','L',' ')},	/* Kullu Pahari -> Kulvi */
+  {HB_TAG('k','f','y',' '),	HB_TAG('K','M','N',' ')},	/* Kumaoni */
+  {HB_TAG('k','g','e',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Komering != Khutsuri Georgian */
+  {HB_TAG('k','h','a',' '),	HB_TAG('K','S','I',' ')},	/* Khasi */
+  {HB_TAG('k','h','b',' '),	HB_TAG('X','B','D',' ')},	/* Lü */
+  {HB_TAG('k','h','k',' '),	HB_TAG('M','N','G',' ')},	/* Halh Mongolian -> Mongolian */
+  {HB_TAG('k','h','n',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Khandesi != Khamti Shan (Microsoft fonts) */
+  {HB_TAG('k','h','s',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kasua != Khanty-Shurishkar */
+  {HB_TAG('k','h','t',' '),	HB_TAG('K','H','T',' ')},	/* Khamti -> Khamti Shan */
+  {HB_TAG('k','h','t',' '),	HB_TAG('K','H','N',' ')},	/* Khamti -> Khamti Shan (Microsoft fonts) */
+  {HB_TAG('k','h','v',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Khvarshi != Khanty-Vakhi */
+/*{HB_TAG('k','h','w',' '),	HB_TAG('K','H','W',' ')},*/	/* Khowar */
+  {HB_TAG('k','i','s',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kis != Kisii */
+  {HB_TAG('k','i','u',' '),	HB_TAG('K','I','U',' ')},	/* Kirmanjki */
+  {HB_TAG('k','i','u',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','Z','A',' ')},	/* Kirmanjki -> Zazaki */
+  {HB_TAG('k','j','b',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Q'anjob'al -> Mayan */
+/*{HB_TAG('k','j','d',' '),	HB_TAG('K','J','D',' ')},*/	/* Southern Kiwai */
+  {HB_TAG('k','j','h',' '),	HB_TAG('K','H','A',' ')},	/* Khakas -> Khakass */
+  {HB_TAG('k','j','p',' '),	HB_TAG('K','J','P',' ')},	/* Pwo Eastern Karen -> Eastern Pwo Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('k','j','p',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Pwo Eastern Karen -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('k','j','t',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Phrae Pwo Karen -> Karen */
+/*{HB_TAG('k','j','z',' '),	HB_TAG('K','J','Z',' ')},*/	/* Bumthangkha */
+  {HB_TAG('k','k','n',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kon Keu != Kokni */
+  {HB_TAG('k','k','z',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Kaska -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('k','l','m',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Migum != Kalmyk */
+  {HB_TAG('k','l','n',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Kalenjin [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('k','m','b',' '),	HB_TAG('M','B','N',' ')},	/* Kimbundu -> Mbundu */
+  {HB_TAG('k','m','n',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Awtuw != Kumaoni */
+  {HB_TAG('k','m','o',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kwoma != Komo */
+  {HB_TAG('k','m','r',' '),	HB_TAG('K','U','R',' ')},	/* Northern Kurdish -> Kurdish */
+  {HB_TAG('k','m','s',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kamasau != Komso */
+  {HB_TAG('k','m','v',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Karipúna Creole French -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('k','m','w',' '),	HB_TAG('K','M','O',' ')},	/* Komo (Democratic Republic of Congo) */
+/*{HB_TAG('k','m','z',' '),	HB_TAG('K','M','Z',' ')},*/	/* Khorasani Turkish -> Khorasani Turkic */
+  {HB_TAG('k','n','c',' '),	HB_TAG('K','N','R',' ')},	/* Central Kanuri -> Kanuri */
+  {HB_TAG('k','n','g',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','N','0')},	/* Koongo -> Kongo */
+  {HB_TAG('k','n','j',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Western Kanjobal -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('k','n','n',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','K',' ')},	/* Konkani */
+  {HB_TAG('k','n','r',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kaningra != Kanuri */
+  {HB_TAG('k','o','d',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kodi != Kodagu */
+  {HB_TAG('k','o','h',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Koyo != Korean Old Hangul */
+  {HB_TAG('k','o','i',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','P',' ')},	/* Komi-Permyak */
+  {HB_TAG('k','o','i',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','M',' ')},	/* Komi-Permyak -> Komi */
+/*{HB_TAG('k','o','k',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','K',' ')},*/	/* Konkani [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('k','o','p',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Waube != Komi-Permyak */
+/*{HB_TAG('k','o','s',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','S',' ')},*/	/* Kosraean */
+  {HB_TAG('k','o','y',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Koyukon -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('k','o','z',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Korak != Komi-Zyrian */
+  {HB_TAG('k','p','e',' '),	HB_TAG('K','P','L',' ')},	/* Kpelle [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('k','p','l',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kpala != Kpelle */
+  {HB_TAG('k','p','p',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Paku Karen (retired code) -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('k','p','v',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','Z',' ')},	/* Komi-Zyrian */
+  {HB_TAG('k','p','v',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','M',' ')},	/* Komi-Zyrian -> Komi */
+  {HB_TAG('k','p','y',' '),	HB_TAG('K','Y','K',' ')},	/* Koryak */
+  {HB_TAG('k','q','s',' '),	HB_TAG('K','I','S',' ')},	/* Northern Kissi -> Kisii */
+  {HB_TAG('k','q','y',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','T',' ')},	/* Koorete */
+  {HB_TAG('k','r','c',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','R',' ')},	/* Karachay-Balkar -> Karachay */
+  {HB_TAG('k','r','c',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','L',' ')},	/* Karachay-Balkar -> Balkar */
+  {HB_TAG('k','r','i',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','I',' ')},	/* Krio */
+  {HB_TAG('k','r','i',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Krio -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('k','r','k',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kerek != Karakalpak */
+/*{HB_TAG('k','r','l',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','L',' ')},*/	/* Karelian */
+  {HB_TAG('k','r','m',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Krim (retired code) != Karaim */
+  {HB_TAG('k','r','n',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Sapo != Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('k','r','t',' '),	HB_TAG('K','N','R',' ')},	/* Tumari Kanuri -> Kanuri */
+  {HB_TAG('k','r','u',' '),	HB_TAG('K','U','U',' ')},	/* Kurukh */
+  {HB_TAG('k','s','h',' '),	HB_TAG('K','S','H','0')},	/* Kölsch -> Ripuarian */
+  {HB_TAG('k','s','i',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Krisa != Khasi */
+  {HB_TAG('k','s','m',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kumba != Kildin Sami */
+  {HB_TAG('k','s','s',' '),	HB_TAG('K','I','S',' ')},	/* Southern Kisi -> Kisii */
+  {HB_TAG('k','s','w',' '),	HB_TAG('K','S','W',' ')},	/* S’gaw Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('k','s','w',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* S'gaw Karen -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('k','t','b',' '),	HB_TAG('K','E','B',' ')},	/* Kambaata -> Kebena */
+  {HB_TAG('k','t','u',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','N',' ')},	/* Kituba (Democratic Republic of Congo) -> Kikongo */
+  {HB_TAG('k','t','w',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Kato -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('k','u','i',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kuikúro-Kalapálo != Kui */
+  {HB_TAG('k','u','l',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kulere != Kulvi */
+/*{HB_TAG('k','u','m',' '),	HB_TAG('K','U','M',' ')},*/	/* Kumyk */
+  {HB_TAG('k','u','u',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Upper Kuskokwim -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('k','u','w',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Kpagua -> Banda */
+  {HB_TAG('k','u','y',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kuuku-Ya'u != Kuy */
+  {HB_TAG('k','v','b',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Kubu -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('k','v','l',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Kayaw -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('k','v','q',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Geba Karen -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('k','v','r',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Kerinci -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('k','v','t',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Lahta Karen -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('k','v','u',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Yinbaw Karen -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('k','v','y',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Yintale Karen -> Karen */
+/*{HB_TAG('k','w','k',' '),	HB_TAG('K','W','K',' ')},*/	/* Kwakiutl -> Kwakʼwala */
+  {HB_TAG('k','w','w',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Kwinti -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('k','w','y',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','N','0')},	/* San Salvador Kongo -> Kongo */
+  {HB_TAG('k','x','c',' '),	HB_TAG('K','M','S',' ')},	/* Konso -> Komso */
+  {HB_TAG('k','x','d',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Brunei -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('k','x','f',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Manumanaw Karen -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('k','x','k',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Zayein Karen -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('k','x','l',' '),	HB_TAG('K','U','U',' ')},	/* Nepali Kurux (retired code) -> Kurukh */
+  {HB_TAG('k','x','u',' '),	HB_TAG('K','U','I',' ')},	/* Kui (India) (retired code) */
+  {HB_TAG('k','y','k',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kamayo != Koryak */
+  {HB_TAG('k','y','u',' '),	HB_TAG('K','Y','U',' ')},	/* Western Kayah */
+  {HB_TAG('k','y','u',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Western Kayah -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('l','a','c',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Lacandon -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('l','a','d',' '),	HB_TAG('J','U','D',' ')},	/* Ladino */
+  {HB_TAG('l','a','h',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Lahnda [macrolanguage] != Lahuli */
+  {HB_TAG('l','a','k',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Laka (Nigeria) (retired code) != Lak */
+  {HB_TAG('l','a','m',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Lamba != Lambani */
+  {HB_TAG('l','a','z',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Aribwatsa != Laz */
+  {HB_TAG('l','b','e',' '),	HB_TAG('L','A','K',' ')},	/* Lak */
+  {HB_TAG('l','b','j',' '),	HB_TAG('L','D','K',' ')},	/* Ladakhi */
+  {HB_TAG('l','b','l',' '),	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Libon Bikol -> Bikol */
+  {HB_TAG('l','c','e',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Loncong -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('l','c','f',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Lubu -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('l','d','i',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','N','0')},	/* Laari -> Kongo */
+  {HB_TAG('l','d','k',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Leelau != Ladakhi */
+/*{HB_TAG('l','e','f',' '),	HB_TAG('L','E','F',' ')},*/	/* Lelemi */
+/*{HB_TAG('l','e','z',' '),	HB_TAG('L','E','Z',' ')},*/	/* Lezghian -> Lezgi */
+  {HB_TAG('l','i','f',' '),	HB_TAG('L','M','B',' ')},	/* Limbu */
+/*{HB_TAG('l','i','j',' '),	HB_TAG('L','I','J',' ')},*/	/* Ligurian */
+  {HB_TAG('l','i','r',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Liberian English -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('l','i','s',' '),	HB_TAG('L','I','S',' ')},*/	/* Lisu */
+  {HB_TAG('l','i','w',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Col -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('l','i','y',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Banda-Bambari -> Banda */
+/*{HB_TAG('l','j','p',' '),	HB_TAG('L','J','P',' ')},*/	/* Lampung Api -> Lampung */
+  {HB_TAG('l','k','b',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Kabras -> Luyia */
+/*{HB_TAG('l','k','i',' '),	HB_TAG('L','K','I',' ')},*/	/* Laki */
+  {HB_TAG('l','k','o',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Khayo -> Luyia */
+  {HB_TAG('l','k','s',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Kisa -> Luyia */
+  {HB_TAG('l','l','d',' '),	HB_TAG('L','A','D',' ')},	/* Ladin */
+  {HB_TAG('l','m','a',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* East Limba != Low Mari */
+  {HB_TAG('l','m','b',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Merei != Limbu */
+  {HB_TAG('l','m','n',' '),	HB_TAG('L','A','M',' ')},	/* Lambadi -> Lambani */
+/*{HB_TAG('l','m','o',' '),	HB_TAG('L','M','O',' ')},*/	/* Lombard */
+  {HB_TAG('l','m','w',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Lake Miwok != Lomwe */
+  {HB_TAG('l','n','a',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Langbashe -> Banda */
+  {HB_TAG('l','n','l',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* South Central Banda -> Banda */
+/*{HB_TAG('l','o','m',' '),	HB_TAG('L','O','M',' ')},*/	/* Loma (Liberia) */
+  {HB_TAG('l','o','u',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Louisiana Creole -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('l','p','o',' '),	HB_TAG('L','P','O',' ')},*/	/* Lipo */
+/*{HB_TAG('l','r','c',' '),	HB_TAG('L','R','C',' ')},*/	/* Northern Luri -> Luri */
+  {HB_TAG('l','r','i',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Marachi -> Luyia */
+  {HB_TAG('l','r','m',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Marama -> Luyia */
+  {HB_TAG('l','r','t',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Larantuka Malay -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('l','s','b',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Burundian Sign Language != Lower Sorbian */
+  {HB_TAG('l','s','m',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Saamia -> Luyia */
+  {HB_TAG('l','t','g',' '),	HB_TAG('L','V','I',' ')},	/* Latgalian -> Latvian */
+  {HB_TAG('l','t','h',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Thur != Lithuanian */
+  {HB_TAG('l','t','o',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Tsotso -> Luyia */
+  {HB_TAG('l','t','s',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Tachoni -> Luyia */
+/*{HB_TAG('l','u','a',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','A',' ')},*/	/* Luba-Lulua */
+/*{HB_TAG('l','u','o',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','O',' ')},*/	/* Luo (Kenya and Tanzania) */
+  {HB_TAG('l','u','s',' '),	HB_TAG('M','I','Z',' ')},	/* Lushai -> Mizo */
+  {HB_TAG('l','u','s',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Lushai -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('l','u','y',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Luyia [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('l','u','z',' '),	HB_TAG('L','R','C',' ')},	/* Southern Luri -> Luri */
+  {HB_TAG('l','v','i',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Lavi != Latvian */
+  {HB_TAG('l','v','s',' '),	HB_TAG('L','V','I',' ')},	/* Standard Latvian -> Latvian */
+  {HB_TAG('l','w','g',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Wanga -> Luyia */
+  {HB_TAG('l','z','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ')},	/* Literary Chinese -> Chinese, Traditional */
+  {HB_TAG('l','z','z',' '),	HB_TAG('L','A','Z',' ')},	/* Laz */
+/*{HB_TAG('m','a','d',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','D',' ')},*/	/* Madurese -> Madura */
+/*{HB_TAG('m','a','g',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','G',' ')},*/	/* Magahi */
+  {HB_TAG('m','a','i',' '),	HB_TAG('M','T','H',' ')},	/* Maithili */
+  {HB_TAG('m','a','j',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Jalapa De Díaz Mazatec != Majang */
+  {HB_TAG('m','a','k',' '),	HB_TAG('M','K','R',' ')},	/* Makasar */
+  {HB_TAG('m','a','m',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','M',' ')},	/* Mam */
+  {HB_TAG('m','a','m',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Mam -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('m','a','n',' '),	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Mandingo [macrolanguage] -> Maninka */
+  {HB_TAG('m','a','p',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Austronesian [collection] != Mapudungun */
+  {HB_TAG('m','a','w',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Mampruli != Marwari */
+  {HB_TAG('m','a','x',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* North Moluccan Malay -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('m','a','x',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* North Moluccan Malay -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('m','b','f',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Baba Malay -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('m','b','n',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Macaguán != Mbundu */
+/*{HB_TAG('m','b','o',' '),	HB_TAG('M','B','O',' ')},*/	/* Mbo (Cameroon) */
+  {HB_TAG('m','c','h',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Maquiritari != Manchu */
+  {HB_TAG('m','c','m',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Malaccan Creole Portuguese -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('m','c','r',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Menya != Moose Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('m','c','t',' '),	HB_TAG('B','T','I',' ')},	/* Mengisa -> Beti */
+  {HB_TAG('m','d','e',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Maba (Chad) != Mende */
+  {HB_TAG('m','d','f',' '),	HB_TAG('M','O','K',' ')},	/* Moksha */
+/*{HB_TAG('m','d','r',' '),	HB_TAG('M','D','R',' ')},*/	/* Mandar */
+  {HB_TAG('m','d','y',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','E',' ')},	/* Male (Ethiopia) */
+  {HB_TAG('m','e','n',' '),	HB_TAG('M','D','E',' ')},	/* Mende (Sierra Leone) */
+  {HB_TAG('m','e','o',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Kedah Malay -> Malay */
+/*{HB_TAG('m','e','r',' '),	HB_TAG('M','E','R',' ')},*/	/* Meru */
+  {HB_TAG('m','f','a',' '),	HB_TAG('M','F','A',' ')},	/* Pattani Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('m','f','a',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Pattani Malay -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('m','f','b',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Bangka -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('m','f','e',' '),	HB_TAG('M','F','E',' ')},	/* Morisyen */
+  {HB_TAG('m','f','e',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Morisyen -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('m','f','p',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Makassar Malay -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('m','h','c',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Mocho -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('m','h','r',' '),	HB_TAG('L','M','A',' ')},	/* Eastern Mari -> Low Mari */
+  {HB_TAG('m','h','v',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','K',' ')},	/* Arakanese (retired code) -> Rakhine */
+  {HB_TAG('m','i','n',' '),	HB_TAG('M','I','N',' ')},	/* Minangkabau */
+  {HB_TAG('m','i','n',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Minangkabau -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('m','i','z',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Coatzospan Mixtec != Mizo */
+  {HB_TAG('m','k','n',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Kupang Malay -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('m','k','r',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Malas != Makasar */
+  {HB_TAG('m','k','u',' '),	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Konyanka Maninka -> Maninka */
+/*{HB_TAG('m','k','w',' '),	HB_TAG('M','K','W',' ')},*/	/* Kituba (Congo) */
+  {HB_TAG('m','l','e',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Manambu != Male */
+  {HB_TAG('m','l','n',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Malango != Malinke */
+  {HB_TAG('m','l','q',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','N',' ')},	/* Western Maninkakan -> Malinke */
+  {HB_TAG('m','l','q',' '),	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Western Maninkakan -> Maninka */
+  {HB_TAG('m','l','r',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Vame != Malayalam Reformed */
+  {HB_TAG('m','m','r',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Western Xiangxi Miao -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('m','n','c',' '),	HB_TAG('M','C','H',' ')},	/* Manchu */
+  {HB_TAG('m','n','d',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Mondé != Mandinka */
+  {HB_TAG('m','n','g',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Eastern Mnong != Mongolian */
+  {HB_TAG('m','n','h',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Mono (Democratic Republic of Congo) -> Banda */
+/*{HB_TAG('m','n','i',' '),	HB_TAG('M','N','I',' ')},*/	/* Manipuri */
+  {HB_TAG('m','n','k',' '),	HB_TAG('M','N','D',' ')},	/* Mandinka */
+  {HB_TAG('m','n','k',' '),	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Mandinka -> Maninka */
+  {HB_TAG('m','n','p',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Min Bei Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
+  {HB_TAG('m','n','s',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','N',' ')},	/* Mansi */
+  {HB_TAG('m','n','w',' '),	HB_TAG('M','O','N',' ')},	/* Mon */
+  {HB_TAG('m','n','w',' '),	HB_TAG('M','O','N','T')},	/* Mon -> Thailand Mon */
+  {HB_TAG('m','n','x',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Manikion != Manx */
+  {HB_TAG('m','o','d',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Mobilian -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('m','o','h',' '),	HB_TAG('M','O','H',' ')},*/	/* Mohawk */
+  {HB_TAG('m','o','k',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Morori != Moksha */
+  {HB_TAG('m','o','p',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Mopán Maya -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('m','o','r',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Moro != Moroccan */
+/*{HB_TAG('m','o','s',' '),	HB_TAG('M','O','S',' ')},*/	/* Mossi */
+  {HB_TAG('m','p','e',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','J',' ')},	/* Majang */
+  {HB_TAG('m','q','g',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Kota Bangun Kutai Malay -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('m','r','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Mara Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('m','r','j',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','A',' ')},	/* Western Mari -> High Mari */
+  {HB_TAG('m','s','c',' '),	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Sankaran Maninka -> Maninka */
+  {HB_TAG('m','s','h',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Masikoro Malagasy -> Malagasy */
+  {HB_TAG('m','s','i',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Sabah Malay -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('m','s','i',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Sabah Malay -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('m','t','h',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Munggui != Maithili */
+  {HB_TAG('m','t','r',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','W',' ')},	/* Mewari -> Marwari */
+  {HB_TAG('m','t','s',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Yora != Maltese */
+  {HB_TAG('m','u','d',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Mednyj Aleut -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('m','u','i',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Musi -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('m','u','n',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Munda [collection] != Mundari */
+  {HB_TAG('m','u','p',' '),	HB_TAG('R','A','J',' ')},	/* Malvi -> Rajasthani */
+  {HB_TAG('m','u','q',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Eastern Xiangxi Miao -> Hmong */
+/*{HB_TAG('m','u','s',' '),	HB_TAG('M','U','S',' ')},*/	/* Creek -> Muscogee */
+  {HB_TAG('m','v','b',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Mattole -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('m','v','e',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','W',' ')},	/* Marwari (Pakistan) */
+  {HB_TAG('m','v','f',' '),	HB_TAG('M','N','G',' ')},	/* Peripheral Mongolian -> Mongolian */
+  {HB_TAG('m','w','k',' '),	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Kita Maninkakan -> Maninka */
+/*{HB_TAG('m','w','l',' '),	HB_TAG('M','W','L',' ')},*/	/* Mirandese */
+  {HB_TAG('m','w','q',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Mün Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('m','w','r',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','W',' ')},	/* Marwari [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('m','w','w',' '),	HB_TAG('M','W','W',' ')},	/* Hmong Daw */
+  {HB_TAG('m','w','w',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Hmong Daw -> Hmong */
+  {HB_TAG('m','y','m',' '),	HB_TAG('M','E','N',' ')},	/* Me’en */
+/*{HB_TAG('m','y','n',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},*/	/* Mayan [collection] */
+  {HB_TAG('m','y','q',' '),	HB_TAG('M','N','K',' ')},	/* Forest Maninka (retired code) -> Maninka */
+  {HB_TAG('m','y','v',' '),	HB_TAG('E','R','Z',' ')},	/* Erzya */
+  {HB_TAG('m','z','b',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tumzabt -> Berber */
+/*{HB_TAG('m','z','n',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Z','N',' ')},*/	/* Mazanderani */
+  {HB_TAG('m','z','s',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Macanese -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('n','a','g',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','G',' ')},	/* Naga Pidgin -> Naga-Assamese */
+  {HB_TAG('n','a','g',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Naga Pidgin -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('n','a','h',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},*/	/* Nahuatl [collection] */
+  {HB_TAG('n','a','n',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Min Nan Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
+/*{HB_TAG('n','a','p',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','P',' ')},*/	/* Neapolitan */
+  {HB_TAG('n','a','s',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Naasioi != Naskapi */
+  {HB_TAG('n','a','z',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Coatepec Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','c','h',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Central Huasteca Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','c','i',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Classical Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','c','j',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Northern Puebla Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','c','l',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Michoacán Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','c','r',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Ncane != N-Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('n','c','x',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Central Puebla Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','d','b',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kenswei Nsei != Ndebele */
+/*{HB_TAG('n','d','c',' '),	HB_TAG('N','D','C',' ')},*/	/* Ndau */
+  {HB_TAG('n','d','g',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Ndengereko != Ndonga */
+/*{HB_TAG('n','d','s',' '),	HB_TAG('N','D','S',' ')},*/	/* Low Saxon */
+  {HB_TAG('n','e','f',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Nefamese -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('n','e','w',' '),	HB_TAG('N','E','W',' ')},*/	/* Newari */
+/*{HB_TAG('n','g','a',' '),	HB_TAG('N','G','A',' ')},*/	/* Ngbaka */
+  {HB_TAG('n','g','l',' '),	HB_TAG('L','M','W',' ')},	/* Lomwe */
+  {HB_TAG('n','g','m',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Ngatik Men's Creole -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('n','g','o',' '),	HB_TAG('S','X','T',' ')},	/* Ngoni (retired code) -> Sutu */
+  {HB_TAG('n','g','r',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Engdewu != Nagari */
+  {HB_TAG('n','g','u',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Guerrero Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','c',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Tabasco Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','d',' '),	HB_TAG('G','U','A',' ')},	/* Chiripá -> Guarani */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','e',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','g',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Tetelcingo Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','i',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Zacatlán-Ahuacatlán-Tepetzintla Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','k',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Isthmus-Cosoleacaque Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','m',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Morelos Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','n',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Central Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','p',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Isthmus-Pajapan Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','q',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Huaxcaleca Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','t',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Ometepec Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','v',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Temascaltepec Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','w',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Western Huasteca Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','x',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Isthmus-Mecayapan Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','y',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Northern Oaxaca Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','h','z',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Santa María La Alta Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','i','q',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Nandi -> Kalenjin */
+  {HB_TAG('n','i','s',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Nimi != Nisi */
+/*{HB_TAG('n','i','u',' '),	HB_TAG('N','I','U',' ')},*/	/* Niuean */
+  {HB_TAG('n','i','v',' '),	HB_TAG('G','I','L',' ')},	/* Gilyak */
+  {HB_TAG('n','j','t',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('n','j','z',' '),	HB_TAG('N','I','S',' ')},	/* Nyishi -> Nisi */
+  {HB_TAG('n','k','o',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Nkonya != N’Ko */
+  {HB_TAG('n','k','x',' '),	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Nkoroo -> Ijo */
+  {HB_TAG('n','l','a',' '),	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Ngombale -> Bamileke */
+  {HB_TAG('n','l','e',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* East Nyala -> Luyia */
+  {HB_TAG('n','l','n',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Durango Nahuatl (retired code) -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','l','v',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Orizaba Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','n','h',' '),	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Ngiemboon -> Bamileke */
+  {HB_TAG('n','n','z',' '),	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Nda'nda' -> Bamileke */
+  {HB_TAG('n','o','d',' '),	HB_TAG('N','T','A',' ')},	/* Northern Thai -> Northern Tai */
+/*{HB_TAG('n','o','e',' '),	HB_TAG('N','O','E',' ')},*/	/* Nimadi */
+/*{HB_TAG('n','o','g',' '),	HB_TAG('N','O','G',' ')},*/	/* Nogai */
+/*{HB_TAG('n','o','v',' '),	HB_TAG('N','O','V',' ')},*/	/* Novial */
+  {HB_TAG('n','p','i',' '),	HB_TAG('N','E','P',' ')},	/* Nepali */
+  {HB_TAG('n','p','l',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Southeastern Puebla Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','q','o',' '),	HB_TAG('N','K','O',' ')},	/* N’Ko */
+  {HB_TAG('n','s','k',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','S',' ')},	/* Naskapi */
+  {HB_TAG('n','s','m',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Sumi Naga != Northern Sami */
+/*{HB_TAG('n','s','o',' '),	HB_TAG('N','S','O',' ')},*/	/* Northern Sotho */
+  {HB_TAG('n','s','u',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Sierra Negra Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','t','o',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Ntomba != Esperanto */
+  {HB_TAG('n','u','e',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Ngundu -> Banda */
+  {HB_TAG('n','u','u',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Ngbundu -> Banda */
+  {HB_TAG('n','u','z',' '),	HB_TAG('N','A','H',' ')},	/* Tlamacazapa Nahuatl -> Nahuatl */
+  {HB_TAG('n','w','e',' '),	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Ngwe -> Bamileke */
+  {HB_TAG('n','y','d',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Nyore -> Luyia */
+/*{HB_TAG('n','y','m',' '),	HB_TAG('N','Y','M',' ')},*/	/* Nyamwezi */
+  {HB_TAG('n','y','n',' '),	HB_TAG('N','K','L',' ')},	/* Nyankole */
+/*{HB_TAG('n','z','a',' '),	HB_TAG('N','Z','A',' ')},*/	/* Tigon Mbembe -> Mbembe Tigon */
+/*{HB_TAG('o','j','b',' '),	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},*/	/* Northwestern Ojibwa -> Ojibway */
+  {HB_TAG('o','j','c',' '),	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},	/* Central Ojibwa -> Ojibway */
+  {HB_TAG('o','j','g',' '),	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},	/* Eastern Ojibwa -> Ojibway */
+  {HB_TAG('o','j','s',' '),	HB_TAG('O','C','R',' ')},	/* Severn Ojibwa -> Oji-Cree */
+  {HB_TAG('o','j','s',' '),	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},	/* Severn Ojibwa -> Ojibway */
+  {HB_TAG('o','j','w',' '),	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},	/* Western Ojibwa -> Ojibway */
+  {HB_TAG('o','k','d',' '),	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Okodia -> Ijo */
+  {HB_TAG('o','k','i',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Okiek -> Kalenjin */
+  {HB_TAG('o','k','m',' '),	HB_TAG('K','O','H',' ')},	/* Middle Korean (10th-16th cent.) -> Korean Old Hangul */
+  {HB_TAG('o','k','r',' '),	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Kirike -> Ijo */
+  {HB_TAG('o','n','x',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Onin Based Pidgin -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('o','o','r',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Oorlams -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('o','r','c',' '),	HB_TAG('O','R','O',' ')},	/* Orma -> Oromo */
+  {HB_TAG('o','r','n',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Orang Kanaq -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('o','r','o',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Orokolo != Oromo */
+  {HB_TAG('o','r','r',' '),	HB_TAG('I','J','O',' ')},	/* Oruma -> Ijo */
+  {HB_TAG('o','r','s',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Orang Seletar -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('o','r','y',' '),	HB_TAG('O','R','I',' ')},	/* Odia (formerly Oriya) */
+  {HB_TAG('o','t','w',' '),	HB_TAG('O','J','B',' ')},	/* Ottawa -> Ojibway */
+  {HB_TAG('o','u','a',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tagargrent -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('p','a','a',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Papuan [collection] != Palestinian Aramaic */
+/*{HB_TAG('p','a','g',' '),	HB_TAG('P','A','G',' ')},*/	/* Pangasinan */
+  {HB_TAG('p','a','l',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Pahlavi != Pali */
+/*{HB_TAG('p','a','m',' '),	HB_TAG('P','A','M',' ')},*/	/* Pampanga -> Pampangan */
+  {HB_TAG('p','a','p',' '),	HB_TAG('P','A','P','0')},	/* Papiamento -> Papiamentu */
+  {HB_TAG('p','a','p',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Papiamento -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('p','a','s',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Papasena != Pashto */
+/*{HB_TAG('p','a','u',' '),	HB_TAG('P','A','U',' ')},*/	/* Palauan */
+  {HB_TAG('p','b','t',' '),	HB_TAG('P','A','S',' ')},	/* Southern Pashto -> Pashto */
+  {HB_TAG('p','b','u',' '),	HB_TAG('P','A','S',' ')},	/* Northern Pashto -> Pashto */
+/*{HB_TAG('p','c','c',' '),	HB_TAG('P','C','C',' ')},*/	/* Bouyei */
+/*{HB_TAG('p','c','d',' '),	HB_TAG('P','C','D',' ')},*/	/* Picard */
+  {HB_TAG('p','c','e',' '),	HB_TAG('P','L','G',' ')},	/* Ruching Palaung -> Palaung */
+  {HB_TAG('p','c','k',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Paite Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('p','c','m',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Nigerian Pidgin -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('p','d','c',' '),	HB_TAG('P','D','C',' ')},*/	/* Pennsylvania German */
+  {HB_TAG('p','d','u',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Kayan -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('p','e','a',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Peranakan Indonesian -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('p','e','l',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Pekal -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('p','e','s',' '),	HB_TAG('F','A','R',' ')},	/* Iranian Persian -> Persian */
+  {HB_TAG('p','e','y',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Petjo -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('p','g','a',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Sudanese Creole Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('p','g','a',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Sudanese Creole Arabic -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('p','h','k',' '),	HB_TAG('P','H','K',' ')},*/	/* Phake */
+  {HB_TAG('p','i','h',' '),	HB_TAG('P','I','H',' ')},	/* Pitcairn-Norfolk -> Norfolk */
+  {HB_TAG('p','i','h',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Pitcairn-Norfolk -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('p','i','l',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Yom != Filipino */
+  {HB_TAG('p','i','s',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Pijin -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('p','k','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Pankhu -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('p','k','o',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Pökoot -> Kalenjin */
+  {HB_TAG('p','l','g',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Pilagá != Palaung */
+  {HB_TAG('p','l','k',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Kohistani Shina != Polish */
+  {HB_TAG('p','l','l',' '),	HB_TAG('P','L','G',' ')},	/* Shwe Palaung -> Palaung */
+  {HB_TAG('p','l','n',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Palenquero -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('p','l','p',' '),	HB_TAG('P','A','P',' ')},	/* Palpa (retired code) */
+  {HB_TAG('p','l','t',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Plateau Malagasy -> Malagasy */
+  {HB_TAG('p','m','l',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Lingua Franca -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('p','m','s',' '),	HB_TAG('P','M','S',' ')},*/	/* Piemontese */
+  {HB_TAG('p','m','y',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Papuan Malay -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('p','n','b',' '),	HB_TAG('P','N','B',' ')},*/	/* Western Panjabi */
+  {HB_TAG('p','o','c',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Poqomam -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('p','o','h',' '),	HB_TAG('P','O','H',' ')},	/* Poqomchi' -> Pocomchi */
+  {HB_TAG('p','o','h',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Poqomchi' -> Mayan */
+/*{HB_TAG('p','o','n',' '),	HB_TAG('P','O','N',' ')},*/	/* Pohnpeian */
+  {HB_TAG('p','o','v',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Upper Guinea Crioulo -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('p','p','a',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','G',' ')},	/* Pao (retired code) -> Baghelkhandi */
+  {HB_TAG('p','r','e',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Principense -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('p','r','o',' '),	HB_TAG('P','R','O',' ')},*/	/* Old Provençal (to 1500) -> Provençal / Old Provençal */
+  {HB_TAG('p','r','s',' '),	HB_TAG('D','R','I',' ')},	/* Dari */
+  {HB_TAG('p','r','s',' '),	HB_TAG('F','A','R',' ')},	/* Dari -> Persian */
+  {HB_TAG('p','s','e',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Central Malay -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('p','s','t',' '),	HB_TAG('P','A','S',' ')},	/* Central Pashto -> Pashto */
+  {HB_TAG('p','u','b',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Purum -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('p','u','z',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Purum Naga (retired code) -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('p','w','o',' '),	HB_TAG('P','W','O',' ')},	/* Pwo Western Karen -> Western Pwo Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('p','w','o',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Pwo Western Karen -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('p','w','w',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Pwo Northern Karen -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','b',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Huallaga Huánuco Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','b',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Huallaga Huánuco Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','c',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','C',' ')},	/* K’iche’ */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','c',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* K'iche' -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','d',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Calderón Highland Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','d',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Calderón Highland Quichua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','f',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Lambayeque Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','g',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Chimborazo Highland Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','g',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Chimborazo Highland Quichua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','H',' ')},	/* South Bolivian Quechua -> Quechua (Bolivia) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* South Bolivian Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','k',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Chachapoyas Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','l',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','H',' ')},	/* North Bolivian Quechua -> Quechua (Bolivia) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','l',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* North Bolivian Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','m',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Sipacapense -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','p',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Southern Pastaza Quechua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','p',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Southern Pastaza Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','r',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Yanahuanca Pasco Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','r',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Yanahuanca Pasco Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','s',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','H',' ')},	/* Santiago del Estero Quichua -> Quechua (Bolivia) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','s',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Santiago del Estero Quichua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','v',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Sacapulteco -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','w',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Tena Lowland Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','w',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Tena Lowland Quichua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','x',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Yauyos Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','x',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Yauyos Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','u','y',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Ayacucho Quechua -> Quechua */
+/*{HB_TAG('q','u','z',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},*/	/* Cusco Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','a',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Ambo-Pasco Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','a',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Ambo-Pasco Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','c',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Cajamarca Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','e',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Eastern Apurímac Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Huamalíes-Dos de Mayo Huánuco Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Huamalíes-Dos de Mayo Huánuco Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','i',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Imbabura Highland Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','i',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Imbabura Highland Quichua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','j',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Loja Highland Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','j',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Loja Highland Quichua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','l',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Cajatambo North Lima Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','l',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Cajatambo North Lima Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','m',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Margos-Yarowilca-Lauricocha Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','m',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Margos-Yarowilca-Lauricocha Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','n',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* North Junín Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','n',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* North Junín Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','o',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Napo Lowland Quechua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','o',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Napo Lowland Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','p',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Pacaraos Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','p',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Pacaraos Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','s',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* San Martín Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','w',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Huaylla Wanca Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','w',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Huaylla Wanca Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','z',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Northern Pastaza Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','v','z',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Northern Pastaza Quichua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','w','a',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Corongo Ancash Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','w','a',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Corongo Ancash Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','w','c',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Classical Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','w','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Huaylas Ancash Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','w','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Huaylas Ancash Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','w','s',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Sihuas Ancash Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','w','s',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Sihuas Ancash Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','w','t',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Kwalhioqua-Tlatskanai -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','a',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Chiquián Ancash Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','a',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Chiquián Ancash Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','c',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Chincha Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','c',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Chincha Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Panao Huánuco Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Panao Huánuco Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','l',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Salasaca Highland Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','l',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Salasaca Highland Quichua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','n',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Northern Conchucos Ancash Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','n',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Northern Conchucos Ancash Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','o',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Southern Conchucos Ancash Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','o',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Southern Conchucos Ancash Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','p',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Puno Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','r',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','V','I',' ')},	/* Cañar Highland Quichua -> Quechua (Ecuador) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','r',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Cañar Highland Quichua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','t',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Santa Ana de Tusi Pasco Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','t',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Santa Ana de Tusi Pasco Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','u',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Arequipa-La Unión Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','w',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','W','H',' ')},	/* Jauja Wanca Quechua -> Quechua (Peru) */
+  {HB_TAG('q','x','w',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','U','Z',' ')},	/* Jauja Wanca Quechua -> Quechua */
+  {HB_TAG('r','a','g',' '),	HB_TAG('L','U','H',' ')},	/* Logooli -> Luyia */
+/*{HB_TAG('r','a','j',' '),	HB_TAG('R','A','J',' ')},*/	/* Rajasthani [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('r','a','l',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Ralte -> Chin */
+/*{HB_TAG('r','a','r',' '),	HB_TAG('R','A','R',' ')},*/	/* Rarotongan */
+  {HB_TAG('r','b','b',' '),	HB_TAG('P','L','G',' ')},	/* Rumai Palaung -> Palaung */
+  {HB_TAG('r','b','l',' '),	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Miraya Bikol -> Bikol */
+  {HB_TAG('r','c','f',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Réunion Creole French -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('r','e','j',' '),	HB_TAG('R','E','J',' ')},*/	/* Rejang */
+/*{HB_TAG('r','h','g',' '),	HB_TAG('R','H','G',' ')},*/	/* Rohingya */
+/*{HB_TAG('r','i','a',' '),	HB_TAG('R','I','A',' ')},*/	/* Riang (India) */
+  {HB_TAG('r','i','f',' '),	HB_TAG('R','I','F',' ')},	/* Tarifit */
+  {HB_TAG('r','i','f',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tarifit -> Berber */
+/*{HB_TAG('r','i','t',' '),	HB_TAG('R','I','T',' ')},*/	/* Ritharrngu -> Ritarungo */
+  {HB_TAG('r','k','i',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','K',' ')},	/* Rakhine */
+/*{HB_TAG('r','k','w',' '),	HB_TAG('R','K','W',' ')},*/	/* Arakwal */
+  {HB_TAG('r','m','c',' '),	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Carpathian Romani -> Romany */
+  {HB_TAG('r','m','f',' '),	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Kalo Finnish Romani -> Romany */
+  {HB_TAG('r','m','l',' '),	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Baltic Romani -> Romany */
+  {HB_TAG('r','m','n',' '),	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Balkan Romani -> Romany */
+  {HB_TAG('r','m','o',' '),	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Sinte Romani -> Romany */
+  {HB_TAG('r','m','s',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Romanian Sign Language != Romansh */
+  {HB_TAG('r','m','w',' '),	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Welsh Romani -> Romany */
+  {HB_TAG('r','m','y',' '),	HB_TAG('R','M','Y',' ')},	/* Vlax Romani */
+  {HB_TAG('r','m','y',' '),	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Vlax Romani -> Romany */
+  {HB_TAG('r','m','z',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','K',' ')},	/* Marma -> Rakhine */
+  {HB_TAG('r','o','m',' '),	HB_TAG('R','O','Y',' ')},	/* Romany [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('r','o','p',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Kriol -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('r','t','c',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Rungtu Chin -> Chin */
+/*{HB_TAG('r','t','m',' '),	HB_TAG('R','T','M',' ')},*/	/* Rotuman */
+  {HB_TAG('r','u','e',' '),	HB_TAG('R','S','Y',' ')},	/* Rusyn */
+/*{HB_TAG('r','u','p',' '),	HB_TAG('R','U','P',' ')},*/	/* Aromanian */
+  {HB_TAG('r','w','r',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','W',' ')},	/* Marwari (India) */
+  {HB_TAG('s','a','d',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Sandawe != Sadri */
+  {HB_TAG('s','a','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Y','A','K',' ')},	/* Yakut -> Sakha */
+  {HB_TAG('s','a','m',' '),	HB_TAG('P','A','A',' ')},	/* Samaritan Aramaic -> Palestinian Aramaic */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','a','s',' '),	HB_TAG('S','A','S',' ')},*/	/* Sasak */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','a','t',' '),	HB_TAG('S','A','T',' ')},*/	/* Santali */
+  {HB_TAG('s','a','y',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Saya != Sayisi */
+  {HB_TAG('s','c','f',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* San Miguel Creole French -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('s','c','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Sakachep -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('s','c','i',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Sri Lankan Creole Malay -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('s','c','k',' '),	HB_TAG('S','A','D',' ')},	/* Sadri */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','c','n',' '),	HB_TAG('S','C','N',' ')},*/	/* Sicilian */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','c','o',' '),	HB_TAG('S','C','O',' ')},*/	/* Scots */
+  {HB_TAG('s','c','s',' '),	HB_TAG('S','C','S',' ')},	/* North Slavey */
+  {HB_TAG('s','c','s',' '),	HB_TAG('S','L','A',' ')},	/* North Slavey -> Slavey */
+  {HB_TAG('s','c','s',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* North Slavey -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('s','d','c',' '),	HB_TAG('S','R','D',' ')},	/* Sassarese Sardinian -> Sardinian */
+  {HB_TAG('s','d','h',' '),	HB_TAG('K','U','R',' ')},	/* Southern Kurdish -> Kurdish */
+  {HB_TAG('s','d','n',' '),	HB_TAG('S','R','D',' ')},	/* Gallurese Sardinian -> Sardinian */
+  {HB_TAG('s','d','s',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Sened -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('s','e','h',' '),	HB_TAG('S','N','A',' ')},	/* Sena */
+  {HB_TAG('s','e','k',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Sekani -> Athapaskan */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','e','l',' '),	HB_TAG('S','E','L',' ')},*/	/* Selkup */
+  {HB_TAG('s','e','z',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Senthang Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('s','f','m',' '),	HB_TAG('S','F','M',' ')},	/* Small Flowery Miao */
+  {HB_TAG('s','f','m',' '),	HB_TAG('H','M','N',' ')},	/* Small Flowery Miao -> Hmong */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','g','a',' '),	HB_TAG('S','G','A',' ')},*/	/* Old Irish (to 900) */
+  {HB_TAG('s','g','c',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Kipsigis -> Kalenjin */
+  {HB_TAG('s','g','o',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Songa (retired code) != Sango */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','g','s',' '),	HB_TAG('S','G','S',' ')},*/	/* Samogitian */
+  {HB_TAG('s','g','w',' '),	HB_TAG('C','H','G',' ')},	/* Sebat Bet Gurage -> Chaha Gurage */
+  {HB_TAG('s','h','i',' '),	HB_TAG('S','H','I',' ')},	/* Tachelhit */
+  {HB_TAG('s','h','i',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tachelhit -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('s','h','l',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Shendu -> Chin */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','h','n',' '),	HB_TAG('S','H','N',' ')},*/	/* Shan */
+  {HB_TAG('s','h','u',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Chadian Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('s','h','y',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tachawit -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('s','i','b',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Sebop != Sibe */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','i','d',' '),	HB_TAG('S','I','D',' ')},*/	/* Sidamo */
+  {HB_TAG('s','i','g',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Paasaal != Silte Gurage */
+  {HB_TAG('s','i','z',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Siwi -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('s','j','d',' '),	HB_TAG('K','S','M',' ')},	/* Kildin Sami */
+  {HB_TAG('s','j','o',' '),	HB_TAG('S','I','B',' ')},	/* Xibe -> Sibe */
+  {HB_TAG('s','j','s',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Senhaja De Srair -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('s','k','g',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Sakalava Malagasy -> Malagasy */
+  {HB_TAG('s','k','r',' '),	HB_TAG('S','R','K',' ')},	/* Saraiki */
+  {HB_TAG('s','k','s',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Maia != Skolt Sami */
+  {HB_TAG('s','k','w',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Skepi Creole Dutch -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('s','k','y',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Sikaiana != Slovak */
+  {HB_TAG('s','l','a',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Slavic [collection] != Slavey */
+  {HB_TAG('s','m','a',' '),	HB_TAG('S','S','M',' ')},	/* Southern Sami */
+  {HB_TAG('s','m','d',' '),	HB_TAG('M','B','N',' ')},	/* Sama (retired code) -> Mbundu */
+  {HB_TAG('s','m','j',' '),	HB_TAG('L','S','M',' ')},	/* Lule Sami */
+  {HB_TAG('s','m','l',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Central Sama != Somali */
+  {HB_TAG('s','m','n',' '),	HB_TAG('I','S','M',' ')},	/* Inari Sami */
+  {HB_TAG('s','m','s',' '),	HB_TAG('S','K','S',' ')},	/* Skolt Sami */
+  {HB_TAG('s','m','t',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Simte -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('s','n','b',' '),	HB_TAG('I','B','A',' ')},	/* Sebuyau (retired code) -> Iban */
+  {HB_TAG('s','n','h',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Shinabo (retired code) != Sinhala (Sinhalese) */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','n','k',' '),	HB_TAG('S','N','K',' ')},*/	/* Soninke */
+  {HB_TAG('s','o','g',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Sogdian != Sodo Gurage */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','o','p',' '),	HB_TAG('S','O','P',' ')},*/	/* Songe */
+  {HB_TAG('s','p','v',' '),	HB_TAG('O','R','I',' ')},	/* Sambalpuri -> Odia (formerly Oriya) */
+  {HB_TAG('s','p','y',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Sabaot -> Kalenjin */
+  {HB_TAG('s','r','b',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Sora != Serbian */
+  {HB_TAG('s','r','c',' '),	HB_TAG('S','R','D',' ')},	/* Logudorese Sardinian -> Sardinian */
+  {HB_TAG('s','r','k',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Serudung Murut != Saraiki */
+  {HB_TAG('s','r','m',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Saramaccan -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('s','r','n',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Sranan Tongo -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('s','r','o',' '),	HB_TAG('S','R','D',' ')},	/* Campidanese Sardinian -> Sardinian */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','r','r',' '),	HB_TAG('S','R','R',' ')},*/	/* Serer */
+  {HB_TAG('s','r','s',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Sarsi -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('s','s','h',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','A',' ')},	/* Shihhi Arabic -> Arabic */
+  {HB_TAG('s','s','l',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Western Sisaala != South Slavey */
+  {HB_TAG('s','s','m',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Semnam != Southern Sami */
+  {HB_TAG('s','t','a',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Settla -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','t','q',' '),	HB_TAG('S','T','Q',' ')},*/	/* Saterfriesisch -> Saterland Frisian */
+  {HB_TAG('s','t','v',' '),	HB_TAG('S','I','G',' ')},	/* Silt'e -> Silte Gurage */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','u','k',' '),	HB_TAG('S','U','K',' ')},*/	/* Sukuma */
+  {HB_TAG('s','u','q',' '),	HB_TAG('S','U','R',' ')},	/* Suri */
+  {HB_TAG('s','u','r',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Mwaghavul != Suri */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','v','a',' '),	HB_TAG('S','V','A',' ')},*/	/* Svan */
+  {HB_TAG('s','v','c',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Vincentian Creole English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('s','v','e',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Serili != Swedish */
+  {HB_TAG('s','w','b',' '),	HB_TAG('C','M','R',' ')},	/* Maore Comorian -> Comorian */
+  {HB_TAG('s','w','c',' '),	HB_TAG('S','W','K',' ')},	/* Congo Swahili -> Swahili */
+  {HB_TAG('s','w','h',' '),	HB_TAG('S','W','K',' ')},	/* Swahili */
+  {HB_TAG('s','w','k',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Malawi Sena != Swahili */
+  {HB_TAG('s','w','n',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Sawknah -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('s','w','v',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','W',' ')},	/* Shekhawati -> Marwari */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','x','u',' '),	HB_TAG('S','X','U',' ')},*/	/* Upper Saxon */
+  {HB_TAG('s','y','c',' '),	HB_TAG('S','Y','R',' ')},	/* Classical Syriac -> Syriac */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','y','l',' '),	HB_TAG('S','Y','L',' ')},*/	/* Sylheti */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','y','r',' '),	HB_TAG('S','Y','R',' ')},*/	/* Syriac [macrolanguage] */
+/*{HB_TAG('s','z','l',' '),	HB_TAG('S','Z','L',' ')},*/	/* Silesian */
+  {HB_TAG('t','a','a',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Lower Tanana -> Athapaskan */
+/*{HB_TAG('t','a','b',' '),	HB_TAG('T','A','B',' ')},*/	/* Tabassaran -> Tabasaran */
+  {HB_TAG('t','a','j',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Eastern Tamang != Tajiki */
+  {HB_TAG('t','a','q',' '),	HB_TAG('T','M','H',' ')},	/* Tamasheq -> Tamashek */
+  {HB_TAG('t','a','q',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tamasheq -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('t','a','s',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Tay Boi -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('t','a','u',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Upper Tanana -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','c','b',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Tanacross -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','c','e',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Southern Tutchone -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','c','h',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Turks And Caicos Creole English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('t','c','p',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Tawr Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('t','c','s',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Torres Strait Creole -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('t','c','y',' '),	HB_TAG('T','U','L',' ')},	/* Tulu -> Tumbuka */
+  {HB_TAG('t','c','z',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Thado Chin -> Chin */
+/*{HB_TAG('t','d','d',' '),	HB_TAG('T','D','D',' ')},*/	/* Tai Nüa -> Dehong Dai */
+  {HB_TAG('t','d','x',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Tandroy-Mahafaly Malagasy -> Malagasy */
+  {HB_TAG('t','e','c',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Terik -> Kalenjin */
+  {HB_TAG('t','e','m',' '),	HB_TAG('T','M','N',' ')},	/* Timne -> Temne */
+/*{HB_TAG('t','e','t',' '),	HB_TAG('T','E','T',' ')},*/	/* Tetum */
+  {HB_TAG('t','e','z',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tetserret -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('t','f','n',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Tanaina -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','g','h',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Tobagonian Creole English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('t','g','j',' '),	HB_TAG('N','I','S',' ')},	/* Tagin -> Nisi */
+  {HB_TAG('t','g','n',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tandaganon != Tongan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','g','r',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tareng != Tigre */
+  {HB_TAG('t','g','x',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Tagish -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','g','y',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Togoyo != Tigrinya */
+  {HB_TAG('t','h','t',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Tahltan -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','h','v',' '),	HB_TAG('T','M','H',' ')},	/* Tahaggart Tamahaq -> Tamashek */
+  {HB_TAG('t','h','v',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tahaggart Tamahaq -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('t','h','z',' '),	HB_TAG('T','M','H',' ')},	/* Tayart Tamajeq -> Tamashek */
+  {HB_TAG('t','h','z',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tayart Tamajeq -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('t','i','a',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tidikelt Tamazight -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('t','i','g',' '),	HB_TAG('T','G','R',' ')},	/* Tigre */
+/*{HB_TAG('t','i','v',' '),	HB_TAG('T','I','V',' ')},*/	/* Tiv */
+/*{HB_TAG('t','j','l',' '),	HB_TAG('T','J','L',' ')},*/	/* Tai Laing */
+  {HB_TAG('t','j','o',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Temacine Tamazight -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('t','k','g',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Tesaka Malagasy -> Malagasy */
+  {HB_TAG('t','k','m',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Takelma != Turkmen */
+/*{HB_TAG('t','l','i',' '),	HB_TAG('T','L','I',' ')},*/	/* Tlingit */
+  {HB_TAG('t','m','g',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Ternateño -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('t','m','h',' '),	HB_TAG('T','M','H',' ')},	/* Tamashek [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('t','m','h',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tamashek [macrolanguage] -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('t','m','n',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Taman (Indonesia) != Temne */
+  {HB_TAG('t','m','w',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Temuan -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('t','n','a',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tacana != Tswana */
+  {HB_TAG('t','n','e',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tinoc Kallahan (retired code) != Tundra Enets */
+  {HB_TAG('t','n','f',' '),	HB_TAG('D','R','I',' ')},	/* Tangshewi (retired code) -> Dari */
+  {HB_TAG('t','n','f',' '),	HB_TAG('F','A','R',' ')},	/* Tangshewi (retired code) -> Persian */
+  {HB_TAG('t','n','g',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tobanga != Tonga */
+  {HB_TAG('t','o','d',' '),	HB_TAG('T','O','D','0')},	/* Toma */
+  {HB_TAG('t','o','i',' '),	HB_TAG('T','N','G',' ')},	/* Tonga (Zambia) */
+  {HB_TAG('t','o','j',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Tojolabal -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','o','l',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Tolowa -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','o','r',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Togbo-Vara Banda -> Banda */
+  {HB_TAG('t','p','i',' '),	HB_TAG('T','P','I',' ')},	/* Tok Pisin */
+  {HB_TAG('t','p','i',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Tok Pisin -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('t','r','f',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Trinidadian Creole English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('t','r','k',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Turkic [collection] != Turkish */
+  {HB_TAG('t','r','u',' '),	HB_TAG('T','U','A',' ')},	/* Turoyo -> Turoyo Aramaic */
+  {HB_TAG('t','r','u',' '),	HB_TAG('S','Y','R',' ')},	/* Turoyo -> Syriac */
+  {HB_TAG('t','s','g',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tausug != Tsonga */
+/*{HB_TAG('t','s','j',' '),	HB_TAG('T','S','J',' ')},*/	/* Tshangla */
+  {HB_TAG('t','t','c',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Tektiteko -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','t','m',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Northern Tutchone -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','t','q',' '),	HB_TAG('T','M','H',' ')},	/* Tawallammat Tamajaq -> Tamashek */
+  {HB_TAG('t','t','q',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Tawallammat Tamajaq -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('t','u','a',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Wiarumus != Turoyo Aramaic */
+  {HB_TAG('t','u','l',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Tula != Tumbuka */
+/*{HB_TAG('t','u','m',' '),	HB_TAG('T','U','M',' ')},*/	/* Tumbuka -> Tulu */
+  {HB_TAG('t','u','u',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Tututni -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','u','v',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Turkana != Tuvin */
+  {HB_TAG('t','u','y',' '),	HB_TAG('K','A','L',' ')},	/* Tugen -> Kalenjin */
+/*{HB_TAG('t','v','l',' '),	HB_TAG('T','V','L',' ')},*/	/* Tuvalu */
+  {HB_TAG('t','v','y',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Timor Pidgin -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('t','x','c',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Tsetsaut -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','x','y',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Tanosy Malagasy -> Malagasy */
+  {HB_TAG('t','y','v',' '),	HB_TAG('T','U','V',' ')},	/* Tuvinian -> Tuvin */
+/*{HB_TAG('t','y','z',' '),	HB_TAG('T','Y','Z',' ')},*/	/* Tày */
+  {HB_TAG('t','z','h',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Tzeltal -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','z','j',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Tz'utujil -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('t','z','m',' '),	HB_TAG('T','Z','M',' ')},	/* Central Atlas Tamazight -> Tamazight */
+  {HB_TAG('t','z','m',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Central Atlas Tamazight -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('t','z','o',' '),	HB_TAG('T','Z','O',' ')},	/* Tzotzil */
+  {HB_TAG('t','z','o',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Tzotzil -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('u','b','l',' '),	HB_TAG('B','I','K',' ')},	/* Buhi'non Bikol -> Bikol */
+/*{HB_TAG('u','d','m',' '),	HB_TAG('U','D','M',' ')},*/	/* Udmurt */
+  {HB_TAG('u','k','i',' '),	HB_TAG('K','U','I',' ')},	/* Kui (India) */
+  {HB_TAG('u','l','n',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Unserdeutsch -> Creoles */
+/*{HB_TAG('u','m','b',' '),	HB_TAG('U','M','B',' ')},*/	/* Umbundu */
+  {HB_TAG('u','n','r',' '),	HB_TAG('M','U','N',' ')},	/* Mundari */
+  {HB_TAG('u','r','k',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Urak Lawoi' -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('u','s','p',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Uspanteco -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('u','z','n',' '),	HB_TAG('U','Z','B',' ')},	/* Northern Uzbek -> Uzbek */
+  {HB_TAG('u','z','s',' '),	HB_TAG('U','Z','B',' ')},	/* Southern Uzbek -> Uzbek */
+  {HB_TAG('v','a','p',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Vaiphei -> Chin */
+/*{HB_TAG('v','e','c',' '),	HB_TAG('V','E','C',' ')},*/	/* Venetian */
+  {HB_TAG('v','i','c',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Virgin Islands Creole English -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('v','i','t',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Viti != Vietnamese */
+  {HB_TAG('v','k','k',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Kaur -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('v','k','p',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Korlai Creole Portuguese -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('v','k','t',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Tenggarong Kutai Malay -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('v','l','s',' '),	HB_TAG('F','L','E',' ')},	/* Vlaams -> Dutch (Flemish) */
+  {HB_TAG('v','m','w',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','K',' ')},	/* Makhuwa */
+/*{HB_TAG('v','r','o',' '),	HB_TAG('V','R','O',' ')},*/	/* Võro */
+  {HB_TAG('w','a','g',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Wa'ema != Wagdi */
+/*{HB_TAG('w','a','r',' '),	HB_TAG('W','A','R',' ')},*/	/* Waray (Philippines) -> Waray-Waray */
+  {HB_TAG('w','b','m',' '),	HB_TAG('W','A',' ',' ')},	/* Wa */
+  {HB_TAG('w','b','r',' '),	HB_TAG('W','A','G',' ')},	/* Wagdi */
+  {HB_TAG('w','b','r',' '),	HB_TAG('R','A','J',' ')},	/* Wagdi -> Rajasthani */
+/*{HB_TAG('w','c','i',' '),	HB_TAG('W','C','I',' ')},*/	/* Waci Gbe */
+  {HB_TAG('w','e','a',' '),	HB_TAG('K','R','N',' ')},	/* Wewaw -> Karen */
+  {HB_TAG('w','e','s',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Cameroon Pidgin -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('w','e','u',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Rawngtu Chin -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('w','l','c',' '),	HB_TAG('C','M','R',' ')},	/* Mwali Comorian -> Comorian */
+  {HB_TAG('w','l','e',' '),	HB_TAG('S','I','G',' ')},	/* Wolane -> Silte Gurage */
+  {HB_TAG('w','l','k',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Wailaki -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('w','n','i',' '),	HB_TAG('C','M','R',' ')},	/* Ndzwani Comorian -> Comorian */
+  {HB_TAG('w','r','y',' '),	HB_TAG('M','A','W',' ')},	/* Merwari -> Marwari */
+  {HB_TAG('w','s','g',' '),	HB_TAG('G','O','N',' ')},	/* Adilabad Gondi -> Gondi */
+/*{HB_TAG('w','t','m',' '),	HB_TAG('W','T','M',' ')},*/	/* Mewati */
+  {HB_TAG('w','u','u',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ')},	/* Wu Chinese -> Chinese, Simplified */
+  {HB_TAG('x','a','l',' '),	HB_TAG('K','L','M',' ')},	/* Kalmyk */
+  {HB_TAG('x','a','l',' '),	HB_TAG('T','O','D',' ')},	/* Kalmyk -> Todo */
+  {HB_TAG('x','a','n',' '),	HB_TAG('S','E','K',' ')},	/* Xamtanga -> Sekota */
+  {HB_TAG('x','b','d',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Bindal != Lü */
+/*{HB_TAG('x','j','b',' '),	HB_TAG('X','J','B',' ')},*/	/* Minjungbal -> Minjangbal */
+/*{HB_TAG('x','k','f',' '),	HB_TAG('X','K','F',' ')},*/	/* Khengkha */
+  {HB_TAG('x','m','g',' '),	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Mengaka -> Bamileke */
+  {HB_TAG('x','m','m',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Manado Malay -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('x','m','m',' '),	HB_TAG('C','P','P',' ')},	/* Manado Malay -> Creoles */
+  {HB_TAG('x','m','v',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Antankarana Malagasy -> Malagasy */
+  {HB_TAG('x','m','w',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','G',' ')},	/* Tsimihety Malagasy -> Malagasy */
+  {HB_TAG('x','n','j',' '),	HB_TAG('S','X','T',' ')},	/* Ngoni (Tanzania) -> Sutu */
+  {HB_TAG('x','n','q',' '),	HB_TAG('S','X','T',' ')},	/* Ngoni (Mozambique) -> Sutu */
+  {HB_TAG('x','n','r',' '),	HB_TAG('D','G','R',' ')},	/* Kangri -> Dogri (macrolanguage) */
+/*{HB_TAG('x','o','g',' '),	HB_TAG('X','O','G',' ')},*/	/* Soga */
+  {HB_TAG('x','p','e',' '),	HB_TAG('X','P','E',' ')},	/* Liberia Kpelle -> Kpelle (Liberia) */
+  {HB_TAG('x','p','e',' '),	HB_TAG('K','P','L',' ')},	/* Liberia Kpelle -> Kpelle */
+  {HB_TAG('x','s','l',' '),	HB_TAG('S','S','L',' ')},	/* South Slavey */
+  {HB_TAG('x','s','l',' '),	HB_TAG('S','L','A',' ')},	/* South Slavey -> Slavey */
+  {HB_TAG('x','s','l',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* South Slavey -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('x','s','t',' '),	HB_TAG('S','I','G',' ')},	/* Silt'e (retired code) -> Silte Gurage */
+/*{HB_TAG('x','u','b',' '),	HB_TAG('X','U','B',' ')},*/	/* Betta Kurumba -> Bette Kuruma */
+/*{HB_TAG('x','u','j',' '),	HB_TAG('X','U','J',' ')},*/	/* Jennu Kurumba -> Jennu Kuruma */
+  {HB_TAG('x','u','p',' '),	HB_TAG('A','T','H',' ')},	/* Upper Umpqua -> Athapaskan */
+  {HB_TAG('x','w','o',' '),	HB_TAG('T','O','D',' ')},	/* Written Oirat -> Todo */
+  {HB_TAG('y','a','j',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Banda-Yangere -> Banda */
+  {HB_TAG('y','a','k',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Yakama != Sakha */
+/*{HB_TAG('y','a','o',' '),	HB_TAG('Y','A','O',' ')},*/	/* Yao */
+/*{HB_TAG('y','a','p',' '),	HB_TAG('Y','A','P',' ')},*/	/* Yapese */
+  {HB_TAG('y','b','a',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Yala != Yoruba */
+  {HB_TAG('y','b','b',' '),	HB_TAG('B','M','L',' ')},	/* Yemba -> Bamileke */
+  {HB_TAG('y','b','d',' '),	HB_TAG('A','R','K',' ')},	/* Yangbye (retired code) -> Rakhine */
+  {HB_TAG('y','d','d',' '),	HB_TAG('J','I','I',' ')},	/* Eastern Yiddish -> Yiddish */
+/*{HB_TAG('y','g','p',' '),	HB_TAG('Y','G','P',' ')},*/	/* Gepo */
+  {HB_TAG('y','i','h',' '),	HB_TAG('J','I','I',' ')},	/* Western Yiddish -> Yiddish */
+  {HB_TAG('y','i','m',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Yimchungru Naga != Yi Modern */
+/*{HB_TAG('y','n','a',' '),	HB_TAG('Y','N','A',' ')},*/	/* Aluo */
+  {HB_TAG('y','o','s',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Yos (retired code) -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('y','u','a',' '),	HB_TAG('M','Y','N',' ')},	/* Yucateco -> Mayan */
+  {HB_TAG('y','u','e',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ')},	/* Yue Chinese -> Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
+/*{HB_TAG('y','w','q',' '),	HB_TAG('Y','W','Q',' ')},*/	/* Wuding-Luquan Yi */
+  {HB_TAG('z','c','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Central Hongshuihe Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+  {HB_TAG('z','d','j',' '),	HB_TAG('C','M','R',' ')},	/* Ngazidja Comorian -> Comorian */
+/*{HB_TAG('z','e','a',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','E','A',' ')},*/	/* Zeeuws -> Zealandic */
+  {HB_TAG('z','e','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Eastern Hongshuihe Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+  {HB_TAG('z','e','n',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Zenaga -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('z','g','b',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Guibei Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+  {HB_TAG('z','g','h',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','G','H',' ')},	/* Standard Moroccan Tamazight */
+  {HB_TAG('z','g','h',' '),	HB_TAG('B','B','R',' ')},	/* Standard Moroccan Tamazight -> Berber */
+  {HB_TAG('z','g','m',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Minz Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+  {HB_TAG('z','g','n',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Guibian Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+  {HB_TAG('z','h','d',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Dai Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+  {HB_TAG('z','h','n',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Nong Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+  {HB_TAG('z','l','j',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Liujiang Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+  {HB_TAG('z','l','m',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('z','l','n',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Lianshan Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+  {HB_TAG('z','l','q',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Liuqian Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+  {HB_TAG('z','m','i',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Negeri Sembilan Malay -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('z','m','z',' '),	HB_TAG('B','A','D','0')},	/* Mbandja -> Banda */
+  {HB_TAG('z','n','d',' '),	HB_TAG_NONE	       },	/* Zande [collection] != Zande */
+  {HB_TAG('z','n','e',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','N','D',' ')},	/* Zande */
+  {HB_TAG('z','o','m',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Zou -> Chin */
+  {HB_TAG('z','q','e',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Qiubei Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+  {HB_TAG('z','s','m',' '),	HB_TAG('M','L','Y',' ')},	/* Standard Malay -> Malay */
+  {HB_TAG('z','u','m',' '),	HB_TAG('L','R','C',' ')},	/* Kumzari -> Luri */
+  {HB_TAG('z','y','b',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Yongbei Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+  {HB_TAG('z','y','g',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Yang Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+  {HB_TAG('z','y','j',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Youjiang Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+  {HB_TAG('z','y','n',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Yongnan Zhuang -> Zhuang */
+  {HB_TAG('z','y','p',' '),	HB_TAG('Q','I','N',' ')},	/* Zyphe Chin -> Chin */
+/*{HB_TAG('z','z','a',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','Z','A',' ')},*/	/* Zazaki [macrolanguage] */
+  {HB_TAG('z','z','j',' '),	HB_TAG('Z','H','A',' ')},	/* Zuojiang Zhuang -> Zhuang */
 };
 
 /**
@@ -1639,69 +1642,75 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
 				  unsigned int *count /* IN/OUT */,
 				  hb_tag_t     *tags /* OUT */)
 {
-  if (subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-fonnapa"))
-  {
-    /* Undetermined; North American Phonetic Alphabet */
-    tags[0] = HB_TAG('A','P','P','H');  /* Phonetic transcription—Americanist conventions */
-    *count = 1;
-    return true;
-  }
-  if (subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-polyton"))
-  {
-    /* Modern Greek (1453-); Polytonic Greek */
-    tags[0] = HB_TAG('P','G','R',' ');  /* Polytonic Greek */
-    *count = 1;
-    return true;
-  }
-  if (subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-arevmda"))
-  {
-    /* Armenian; Western Armenian (retired code) */
-    tags[0] = HB_TAG('H','Y','E',' ');  /* Armenian */
-    *count = 1;
-    return true;
-  }
-  if (subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-provenc"))
-  {
-    /* Occitan (post 1500); Provençal */
-    tags[0] = HB_TAG('P','R','O',' ');  /* Provençal / Old Provençal */
-    *count = 1;
-    return true;
-  }
-  if (subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-fonipa"))
-  {
-    /* Undetermined; International Phonetic Alphabet */
-    tags[0] = HB_TAG('I','P','P','H');  /* Phonetic transcription—IPA conventions */
-    *count = 1;
-    return true;
-  }
-  if (subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-geok"))
-  {
-    /* Undetermined; Khutsuri (Asomtavruli and Nuskhuri) */
-    tags[0] = HB_TAG('K','G','E',' ');  /* Khutsuri Georgian */
-    *count = 1;
-    return true;
-  }
-  if (subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-syre"))
+  if (limit - lang_str >= 7)
   {
-    /* Undetermined; Syriac (Estrangelo variant) */
-    tags[0] = HB_TAG('S','Y','R','E');  /* Syriac, Estrangela script-variant (equivalent to ISO 15924 'Syre') */
-    *count = 1;
-    return true;
-  }
-  if (subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-syrj"))
-  {
-    /* Undetermined; Syriac (Western variant) */
-    tags[0] = HB_TAG('S','Y','R','J');  /* Syriac, Western script-variant (equivalent to ISO 15924 'Syrj') */
-    *count = 1;
-    return true;
-  }
-  if (subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-syrn"))
-  {
-    /* Undetermined; Syriac (Eastern variant) */
-    tags[0] = HB_TAG('S','Y','R','N');  /* Syriac, Eastern script-variant (equivalent to ISO 15924 'Syrn') */
-    *count = 1;
-    return true;
+    const char *p = strchr (lang_str, '-');
+    if (!p || p >= limit || limit - p < 5) goto out;
+    if (subtag_matches (p, limit, "-fonnapa", 8))
+    {
+      /* Undetermined; North American Phonetic Alphabet */
+      tags[0] = HB_TAG('A','P','P','H');  /* Phonetic transcription—Americanist conventions */
+      *count = 1;
+      return true;
+    }
+    if (subtag_matches (p, limit, "-polyton", 8))
+    {
+      /* Modern Greek (1453-); Polytonic Greek */
+      tags[0] = HB_TAG('P','G','R',' ');  /* Polytonic Greek */
+      *count = 1;
+      return true;
+    }
+    if (subtag_matches (p, limit, "-arevmda", 8))
+    {
+      /* Armenian; Western Armenian (retired code) */
+      tags[0] = HB_TAG('H','Y','E',' ');  /* Armenian */
+      *count = 1;
+      return true;
+    }
+    if (subtag_matches (p, limit, "-provenc", 8))
+    {
+      /* Occitan (post 1500); Provençal */
+      tags[0] = HB_TAG('P','R','O',' ');  /* Provençal / Old Provençal */
+      *count = 1;
+      return true;
+    }
+    if (subtag_matches (p, limit, "-fonipa", 7))
+    {
+      /* Undetermined; International Phonetic Alphabet */
+      tags[0] = HB_TAG('I','P','P','H');  /* Phonetic transcription—IPA conventions */
+      *count = 1;
+      return true;
+    }
+    if (subtag_matches (p, limit, "-geok", 5))
+    {
+      /* Undetermined; Khutsuri (Asomtavruli and Nuskhuri) */
+      tags[0] = HB_TAG('K','G','E',' ');  /* Khutsuri Georgian */
+      *count = 1;
+      return true;
+    }
+    if (subtag_matches (p, limit, "-syre", 5))
+    {
+      /* Undetermined; Syriac (Estrangelo variant) */
+      tags[0] = HB_TAG('S','Y','R','E');  /* Syriac, Estrangela script-variant (equivalent to ISO 15924 'Syre') */
+      *count = 1;
+      return true;
+    }
+    if (subtag_matches (p, limit, "-syrj", 5))
+    {
+      /* Undetermined; Syriac (Western variant) */
+      tags[0] = HB_TAG('S','Y','R','J');  /* Syriac, Western script-variant (equivalent to ISO 15924 'Syrj') */
+      *count = 1;
+      return true;
+    }
+    if (subtag_matches (p, limit, "-syrn", 5))
+    {
+      /* Undetermined; Syriac (Eastern variant) */
+      tags[0] = HB_TAG('S','Y','R','N');  /* Syriac, Eastern script-variant (equivalent to ISO 15924 'Syrn') */
+      *count = 1;
+      return true;
+    }
   }
+out:
   switch (lang_str[0])
   {
   case 'a':
@@ -1714,14 +1723,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
     }
     break;
   case 'c':
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "do-hant-hk"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "do-hant-hk", 10))
     {
       /* Min Dong Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "do-hant-mo"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "do-hant-mo", 10))
     {
       /* Min Dong Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -1734,14 +1743,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       *count = i;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "jy-hant-hk"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "jy-hant-hk", 10))
     {
       /* Jinyu Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "jy-hant-mo"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "jy-hant-mo", 10))
     {
       /* Jinyu Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -1754,14 +1763,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       *count = i;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "mn-hant-hk"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "mn-hant-hk", 10))
     {
       /* Mandarin Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "mn-hant-mo"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "mn-hant-mo", 10))
     {
       /* Mandarin Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -1774,14 +1783,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       *count = i;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "np-hant-hk"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "np-hant-hk", 10))
     {
       /* Northern Ping Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "np-hant-mo"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "np-hant-mo", 10))
     {
       /* Northern Ping Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -1794,14 +1803,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       *count = i;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "px-hant-hk"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "px-hant-hk", 10))
     {
       /* Pu-Xian Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "px-hant-mo"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "px-hant-mo", 10))
     {
       /* Pu-Xian Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -1814,14 +1823,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       *count = i;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "sp-hant-hk"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "sp-hant-hk", 10))
     {
       /* Southern Ping Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "sp-hant-mo"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "sp-hant-mo", 10))
     {
       /* Southern Ping Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -1834,14 +1843,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       *count = i;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "zh-hant-hk"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "zh-hant-hk", 10))
     {
       /* Huizhou Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "zh-hant-mo"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "zh-hant-mo", 10))
     {
       /* Huizhou Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -1854,14 +1863,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       *count = i;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "zo-hant-hk"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "zo-hant-hk", 10))
     {
       /* Min Zhong Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "zo-hant-mo"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "zo-hant-mo", 10))
     {
       /* Min Zhong Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -1874,112 +1883,112 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       *count = i;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "do-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "do-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Min Dong Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "do-hant"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "do-hant", 7))
     {
       /* Min Dong Chinese; Han (Traditional variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "jy-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "jy-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Jinyu Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "jy-hant"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "jy-hant", 7))
     {
       /* Jinyu Chinese; Han (Traditional variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "mn-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "mn-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Mandarin Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "mn-hant"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "mn-hant", 7))
     {
       /* Mandarin Chinese; Han (Traditional variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "np-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "np-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Northern Ping Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "np-hant"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "np-hant", 7))
     {
       /* Northern Ping Chinese; Han (Traditional variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "px-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "px-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Pu-Xian Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "px-hant"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "px-hant", 7))
     {
       /* Pu-Xian Chinese; Han (Traditional variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "sp-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "sp-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Southern Ping Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "sp-hant"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "sp-hant", 7))
     {
       /* Southern Ping Chinese; Han (Traditional variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "zh-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "zh-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Huizhou Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "zh-hant"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "zh-hant", 7))
     {
       /* Huizhou Chinese; Han (Traditional variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "zo-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "zo-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Min Zhong Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "zo-hant"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "zo-hant", 7))
     {
       /* Min Zhong Chinese; Han (Traditional variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -1987,7 +1996,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "do-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk", 3))
     {
       /* Min Dong Chinese; Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
@@ -1995,7 +2004,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "do-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo", 3))
     {
       /* Min Dong Chinese; Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2009,7 +2018,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "do-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw", 3))
     {
       /* Min Dong Chinese; Taiwan, Province of China */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2017,7 +2026,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "jy-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk", 3))
     {
       /* Jinyu Chinese; Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
@@ -2025,7 +2034,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "jy-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo", 3))
     {
       /* Jinyu Chinese; Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2039,7 +2048,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "jy-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw", 3))
     {
       /* Jinyu Chinese; Taiwan, Province of China */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2047,7 +2056,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "mn-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk", 3))
     {
       /* Mandarin Chinese; Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
@@ -2055,7 +2064,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "mn-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo", 3))
     {
       /* Mandarin Chinese; Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2069,7 +2078,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "mn-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw", 3))
     {
       /* Mandarin Chinese; Taiwan, Province of China */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2077,7 +2086,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "np-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk", 3))
     {
       /* Northern Ping Chinese; Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
@@ -2085,7 +2094,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "np-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo", 3))
     {
       /* Northern Ping Chinese; Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2099,7 +2108,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "np-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw", 3))
     {
       /* Northern Ping Chinese; Taiwan, Province of China */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2107,7 +2116,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "px-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk", 3))
     {
       /* Pu-Xian Chinese; Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
@@ -2115,7 +2124,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "px-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo", 3))
     {
       /* Pu-Xian Chinese; Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2129,7 +2138,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "px-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw", 3))
     {
       /* Pu-Xian Chinese; Taiwan, Province of China */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2137,7 +2146,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "sp-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk", 3))
     {
       /* Southern Ping Chinese; Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
@@ -2145,7 +2154,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "sp-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo", 3))
     {
       /* Southern Ping Chinese; Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2159,7 +2168,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "sp-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw", 3))
     {
       /* Southern Ping Chinese; Taiwan, Province of China */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2167,7 +2176,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "zh-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk", 3))
     {
       /* Huizhou Chinese; Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
@@ -2175,7 +2184,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "zh-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo", 3))
     {
       /* Huizhou Chinese; Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2189,7 +2198,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "zh-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw", 3))
     {
       /* Huizhou Chinese; Taiwan, Province of China */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2197,7 +2206,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "zo-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk", 3))
     {
       /* Min Zhong Chinese; Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
@@ -2205,7 +2214,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "zo-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo", 3))
     {
       /* Min Zhong Chinese; Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2219,7 +2228,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "zo-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw", 3))
     {
       /* Min Zhong Chinese; Taiwan, Province of China */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2228,14 +2237,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
     }
     break;
   case 'g':
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "an-hant-hk"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "an-hant-hk", 10))
     {
       /* Gan Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "an-hant-mo"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "an-hant-mo", 10))
     {
       /* Gan Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2248,21 +2257,21 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       *count = i;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "an-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "an-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Gan Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "an-hant"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "an-hant", 7))
     {
       /* Gan Chinese; Han (Traditional variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "a-latg"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "a-latg", 6))
     {
       /* Irish; Latin (Gaelic variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('I','R','T',' ');  /* Irish Traditional */
@@ -2270,7 +2279,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "an-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk", 3))
     {
       /* Gan Chinese; Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
@@ -2278,7 +2287,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "an-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo", 3))
     {
       /* Gan Chinese; Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2292,7 +2301,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "an-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw", 3))
     {
       /* Gan Chinese; Taiwan, Province of China */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2301,14 +2310,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
     }
     break;
   case 'h':
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "ak-hant-hk"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "ak-hant-hk", 10))
     {
       /* Hakka Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "ak-hant-mo"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "ak-hant-mo", 10))
     {
       /* Hakka Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2321,14 +2330,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       *count = i;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "sn-hant-hk"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "sn-hant-hk", 10))
     {
       /* Xiang Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "sn-hant-mo"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "sn-hant-mo", 10))
     {
       /* Xiang Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2341,28 +2350,28 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       *count = i;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "ak-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "ak-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Hakka Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "ak-hant"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "ak-hant", 7))
     {
       /* Hakka Chinese; Han (Traditional variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "sn-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "sn-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Xiang Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "sn-hant"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "sn-hant", 7))
     {
       /* Xiang Chinese; Han (Traditional variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2370,7 +2379,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "ak-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk", 3))
     {
       /* Hakka Chinese; Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
@@ -2378,7 +2387,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "ak-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo", 3))
     {
       /* Hakka Chinese; Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2392,7 +2401,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "ak-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw", 3))
     {
       /* Hakka Chinese; Taiwan, Province of China */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2400,7 +2409,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "sn-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk", 3))
     {
       /* Xiang Chinese; Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
@@ -2408,7 +2417,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "sn-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo", 3))
     {
       /* Xiang Chinese; Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2422,7 +2431,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "sn-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw", 3))
     {
       /* Xiang Chinese; Taiwan, Province of China */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2460,7 +2469,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
     }
     break;
   case 'l':
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "zh-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "zh-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Literary Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
@@ -2469,14 +2478,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
     }
     break;
   case 'm':
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "np-hant-hk"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "np-hant-hk", 10))
     {
       /* Min Bei Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "np-hant-mo"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "np-hant-mo", 10))
     {
       /* Min Bei Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2489,14 +2498,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       *count = i;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "np-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "np-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Min Bei Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "np-hant"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "np-hant", 7))
     {
       /* Min Bei Chinese; Han (Traditional variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2504,7 +2513,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "np-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk", 3))
     {
       /* Min Bei Chinese; Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
@@ -2512,7 +2521,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "np-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo", 3))
     {
       /* Min Bei Chinese; Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2526,7 +2535,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "np-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw", 3))
     {
       /* Min Bei Chinese; Taiwan, Province of China */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2534,7 +2543,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "nw-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-th"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-th", 3))
     {
       /* Mon; Thailand */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('M','O','N','T');  /* Thailand Mon */
@@ -2543,14 +2552,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
     }
     break;
   case 'n':
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "an-hant-hk"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "an-hant-hk", 10))
     {
       /* Min Nan Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "an-hant-mo"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "an-hant-mo", 10))
     {
       /* Min Nan Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2563,14 +2572,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       *count = i;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "an-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "an-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Min Nan Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "an-hant"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "an-hant", 7))
     {
       /* Min Nan Chinese; Han (Traditional variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2578,7 +2587,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "an-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk", 3))
     {
       /* Min Nan Chinese; Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
@@ -2586,7 +2595,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "an-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo", 3))
     {
       /* Min Nan Chinese; Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2600,7 +2609,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "an-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw", 3))
     {
       /* Min Nan Chinese; Taiwan, Province of China */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2624,7 +2633,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
     break;
   case 'r':
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "o-", 2)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-md"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-md", 3))
     {
       /* Romanian; Moldova */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2639,14 +2648,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
     }
     break;
   case 'w':
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "uu-hant-hk"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "uu-hant-hk", 10))
     {
       /* Wu Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "uu-hant-mo"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "uu-hant-mo", 10))
     {
       /* Wu Chinese; Han (Traditional variant); Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2659,14 +2668,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       *count = i;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "uu-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "uu-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Wu Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "uu-hant"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "uu-hant", 7))
     {
       /* Wu Chinese; Han (Traditional variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2674,7 +2683,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "uu-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk", 3))
     {
       /* Wu Chinese; Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
@@ -2682,7 +2691,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "uu-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo", 3))
     {
       /* Wu Chinese; Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2696,7 +2705,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "uu-", 3)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw", 3))
     {
       /* Wu Chinese; Taiwan, Province of China */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2705,7 +2714,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
     }
     break;
   case 'y':
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "ue-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "ue-hans", 7))
     {
       /* Yue Chinese; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
@@ -2714,14 +2723,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
     }
     break;
   case 'z':
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "h-hant-hk"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "h-hant-hk", 9))
     {
       /* Chinese [macrolanguage]; Han (Traditional variant); Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "h-hant-mo"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "h-hant-mo", 9))
     {
       /* Chinese [macrolanguage]; Han (Traditional variant); Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2741,14 +2750,14 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "h-hans"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "h-hans", 6))
     {
       /* Chinese [macrolanguage]; Han (Simplified variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','S',' ');  /* Chinese, Simplified */
       *count = 1;
       return true;
     }
-    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], "h-hant"))
+    if (lang_matches (&lang_str[1], limit, "h-hant", 6))
     {
       /* Chinese [macrolanguage]; Han (Traditional variant) */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
@@ -2763,7 +2772,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "h-", 2)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-hk", 3))
     {
       /* Chinese [macrolanguage]; Hong Kong */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','H',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional, Hong Kong SAR */
@@ -2771,7 +2780,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "h-", 2)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-mo", 3))
     {
       /* Chinese [macrolanguage]; Macao */
       unsigned int i;
@@ -2785,7 +2794,7 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (const char   *lang_str,
       return true;
     }
     if (0 == strncmp (&lang_str[1], "h-", 2)
-	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw"))
+	&& subtag_matches (lang_str, limit, "-tw", 3))
     {
       /* Chinese [macrolanguage]; Taiwan, Province of China */
       tags[0] = HB_TAG('Z','H','T',' ');  /* Chinese, Traditional */
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-tag.cc b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-tag.cc
index f50be97ad3..a4a9515362 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-tag.cc
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-tag.cc
@@ -189,48 +189,46 @@ hb_ot_tag_to_script (hb_tag_t tag)
 
 /* hb_language_t */
 
-static bool
+static inline bool
 subtag_matches (const char *lang_str,
 		const char *limit,
-		const char *subtag)
+		const char *subtag,
+		unsigned    subtag_len)
 {
+  if (likely ((unsigned) (limit - lang_str) < subtag_len))
+    return false;
+
   do {
     const char *s = strstr (lang_str, subtag);
     if (!s || s >= limit)
       return false;
-    if (!ISALNUM (s[strlen (subtag)]))
+    if (!ISALNUM (s[subtag_len]))
       return true;
-    lang_str = s + strlen (subtag);
+    lang_str = s + subtag_len;
   } while (true);
 }
 
-static hb_bool_t
-lang_matches (const char *lang_str, const char *spec)
+static bool
+lang_matches (const char *lang_str,
+	      const char *limit,
+	      const char *spec,
+	      unsigned    spec_len)
 {
-  unsigned int len = strlen (spec);
+  if (likely ((unsigned) (limit - lang_str) < spec_len))
+    return false;
 
-  return strncmp (lang_str, spec, len) == 0 &&
-	 (lang_str[len] == '\0' || lang_str[len] == '-');
+  return strncmp (lang_str, spec, spec_len) == 0 &&
+	 (lang_str[spec_len] == '\0' || lang_str[spec_len] == '-');
 }
 
 struct LangTag
 {
-  char language[4];
+  hb_tag_t language;
   hb_tag_t tag;
 
-  int cmp (const char *a) const
+  int cmp (hb_tag_t a) const
   {
-    const char *b = this->language;
-    unsigned int da, db;
-    const char *p;
-
-    p = strchr (a, '-');
-    da = p ? (unsigned int) (p - a) : strlen (a);
-
-    p = strchr (b, '-');
-    db = p ? (unsigned int) (p - b) : strlen (b);
-
-    return strncmp (a, b, hb_max (da, db));
+    return a < this->language ? -1 : a > this->language ? +1 : 0;
   }
   int cmp (const LangTag *that) const
   { return cmp (that->language); }
@@ -266,7 +264,6 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_language (const char   *lang_str,
 			  hb_tag_t     *tags)
 {
   const char *s;
-  unsigned int tag_idx;
 
   /* Check for matches of multiple subtags. */
   if (hb_ot_tags_from_complex_language (lang_str, limit, count, tags))
@@ -283,17 +280,39 @@ hb_ot_tags_from_language (const char   *lang_str,
 	  ISALPHA (s[1]))
 	lang_str = s + 1;
     }
-    if (hb_sorted_array (ot_languages).bfind (lang_str, &tag_idx))
+    const LangTag *ot_languages = nullptr;
+    unsigned ot_languages_len = 0;
+    const char *dash = strchr (lang_str, '-');
+    unsigned first_len = dash ? dash - lang_str : limit - lang_str;
+    if (first_len == 2)
     {
+      ot_languages = ot_languages2;
+      ot_languages_len = ARRAY_LENGTH (ot_languages2);
+    }
+    else if (first_len == 3)
+    {
+      ot_languages = ot_languages3;
+      ot_languages_len = ARRAY_LENGTH (ot_languages3);
+    }
+
+    hb_tag_t lang_tag = hb_tag_from_string (lang_str, first_len);
+
+    static unsigned last_tag_idx; /* Poor man's cache. */
+    unsigned tag_idx = last_tag_idx;
+
+    if (likely (tag_idx < ot_languages_len && ot_languages[tag_idx].language == lang_tag) ||
+	hb_sorted_array (ot_languages, ot_languages_len).bfind (lang_tag, &tag_idx))
+    {
+      last_tag_idx = tag_idx;
       unsigned int i;
       while (tag_idx != 0 &&
-	     0 == strcmp (ot_languages[tag_idx].language, ot_languages[tag_idx - 1].language))
+	     ot_languages[tag_idx].language == ot_languages[tag_idx - 1].language)
 	tag_idx--;
       for (i = 0;
 	   i < *count &&
-	   tag_idx + i < ARRAY_LENGTH (ot_languages) &&
+	   tag_idx + i < ot_languages_len &&
 	   ot_languages[tag_idx + i].tag != HB_TAG_NONE &&
-	   0 == strcmp (ot_languages[tag_idx + i].language, ot_languages[tag_idx].language);
+	   ot_languages[tag_idx + i].language == ot_languages[tag_idx].language;
 	   i++)
 	tags[i] = ot_languages[tag_idx + i].tag;
       *count = i;
@@ -459,9 +478,19 @@ hb_ot_tag_to_language (hb_tag_t tag)
       return disambiguated_tag;
   }
 
-  for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_LENGTH (ot_languages); i++)
-    if (ot_languages[i].tag == tag)
-      return hb_language_from_string (ot_languages[i].language, -1);
+  char buf[4];
+  for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_LENGTH (ot_languages2); i++)
+    if (ot_languages2[i].tag == tag)
+    {
+      hb_tag_to_string (ot_languages2[i].language, buf);
+      return hb_language_from_string (buf, 2);
+    }
+  for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_LENGTH (ot_languages3); i++)
+    if (ot_languages3[i].tag == tag)
+    {
+      hb_tag_to_string (ot_languages3[i].language, buf);
+      return hb_language_from_string (buf, 3);
+    }
 
   /* Return a custom language in the form of "x-hbot-AABBCCDD".
    * If it's three letters long, also guess it's ISO 639-3 and lower-case and
@@ -557,13 +586,23 @@ hb_ot_tags_to_script_and_language (hb_tag_t       script_tag,
 static inline void
 test_langs_sorted ()
 {
-  for (unsigned int i = 1; i < ARRAY_LENGTH (ot_languages); i++)
+  for (unsigned int i = 1; i < ARRAY_LENGTH (ot_languages2); i++)
+  {
+    int c = ot_languages2[i].cmp (&ot_languages2[i - 1]);
+    if (c > 0)
+    {
+      fprintf (stderr, "ot_languages2 not sorted at index %d: %08x %d %08x\n",
+	       i, ot_languages2[i-1].language, c, ot_languages2[i].language);
+      abort();
+    }
+  }
+  for (unsigned int i = 1; i < ARRAY_LENGTH (ot_languages3); i++)
   {
-    int c = ot_languages[i].cmp (&ot_languages[i - 1]);
+    int c = ot_languages3[i].cmp (&ot_languages3[i - 1]);
     if (c > 0)
     {
-      fprintf (stderr, "ot_languages not sorted at index %d: %s %d %s\n",
-	       i, ot_languages[i-1].language, c, ot_languages[i].language);
+      fprintf (stderr, "ot_languages3 not sorted at index %d: %08x %d %08x\n",
+	       i, ot_languages3[i-1].language, c, ot_languages3[i].language);
       abort();
     }
   }
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-var-gvar-table.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-var-gvar-table.hh
index 618cec08fb..3b2a38b9a6 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-var-gvar-table.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-ot-var-gvar-table.hh
@@ -390,13 +390,10 @@ struct gvar
   {
     TRACE_SANITIZE (this);
     return_trace (c->check_struct (this) && (version.major == 1) &&
-		  (glyphCount == c->get_num_glyphs ()) &&
 		  sharedTuples.sanitize (c, this, axisCount * sharedTupleCount) &&
 		  (is_long_offset () ?
 		     c->check_array (get_long_offset_array (), glyphCount+1) :
-		     c->check_array (get_short_offset_array (), glyphCount+1)) &&
-		  c->check_array (((const HBUINT8*)&(this+dataZ)) + get_offset (0),
-				  get_offset (glyphCount) - get_offset (0)));
+		     c->check_array (get_short_offset_array (), glyphCount+1)));
   }
 
   /* GlyphVariationData not sanitized here; must be checked while accessing each glyph variation data */
@@ -482,7 +479,9 @@ struct gvar
   const hb_bytes_t get_glyph_var_data_bytes (hb_blob_t *blob, hb_codepoint_t glyph) const
   {
     unsigned start_offset = get_offset (glyph);
-    unsigned length = get_offset (glyph+1) - start_offset;
+    unsigned end_offset = get_offset (glyph+1);
+    if (unlikely (end_offset < start_offset)) return hb_bytes_t ();
+    unsigned length = end_offset - start_offset;
     hb_bytes_t var_data = blob->as_bytes ().sub_array (((unsigned) dataZ) + start_offset, length);
     return likely (var_data.length >= GlyphVariationData::min_size) ? var_data : hb_bytes_t ();
   }
@@ -490,7 +489,10 @@ struct gvar
   bool is_long_offset () const { return flags & 1; }
 
   unsigned get_offset (unsigned i) const
-  { return is_long_offset () ? get_long_offset_array ()[i] : get_short_offset_array ()[i] * 2; }
+  {
+    if (unlikely (i > glyphCount)) return 0;
+    return is_long_offset () ? get_long_offset_array ()[i] : get_short_offset_array ()[i] * 2;
+  }
 
   const HBUINT32 * get_long_offset_array () const { return (const HBUINT32 *) &offsetZ; }
   const HBUINT16 *get_short_offset_array () const { return (const HBUINT16 *) &offsetZ; }
@@ -696,7 +698,7 @@ no_more_gaps:
 		offsetZ;	/* Offsets from the start of the GlyphVariationData array
 				 * to each GlyphVariationData table. */
   public:
-  DEFINE_SIZE_MIN (20);
+  DEFINE_SIZE_ARRAY (20, offsetZ);
 };
 
 struct gvar_accelerator_t : gvar::accelerator_t {
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-priority-queue.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-priority-queue.hh
index 7d799ae906..ffb86e30ae 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-priority-queue.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-priority-queue.hh
@@ -38,18 +38,11 @@
  */
 struct hb_priority_queue_t
 {
-  HB_DELETE_COPY_ASSIGN (hb_priority_queue_t);
-  hb_priority_queue_t ()  { init (); }
-  ~hb_priority_queue_t () { fini (); }
-
  private:
   typedef hb_pair_t<int64_t, unsigned> item_t;
   hb_vector_t<item_t> heap;
 
  public:
-  void init () { heap.init (); }
-
-  void fini () { heap.fini (); }
 
   void reset () { heap.resize (0); }
 
@@ -58,14 +51,17 @@ struct hb_priority_queue_t
   void insert (int64_t priority, unsigned value)
   {
     heap.push (item_t (priority, value));
+    if (unlikely (heap.in_error ())) return;
     bubble_up (heap.length - 1);
   }
 
   item_t pop_minimum ()
   {
-    item_t result = heap[0];
+    assert (!is_empty ());
+
+    item_t result = heap.arrayZ[0];
 
-    heap[0] = heap[heap.length - 1];
+    heap.arrayZ[0] = heap.arrayZ[heap.length - 1];
     heap.shrink (heap.length - 1);
     bubble_down (0);
 
@@ -104,6 +100,8 @@ struct hb_priority_queue_t
 
   void bubble_down (unsigned index)
   {
+    assert (index <= heap.length);
+
     unsigned left = left_child (index);
     unsigned right = right_child (index);
 
@@ -113,11 +111,11 @@ struct hb_priority_queue_t
       return;
 
     bool has_right = right < heap.length;
-    if (heap[index].first <= heap[left].first
-        && (!has_right || heap[index].first <= heap[right].first))
+    if (heap.arrayZ[index].first <= heap.arrayZ[left].first
+        && (!has_right || heap[index].first <= heap.arrayZ[right].first))
       return;
 
-    if (!has_right || heap[left].first < heap[right].first)
+    if (!has_right || heap.arrayZ[left].first < heap.arrayZ[right].first)
     {
       swap (index, left);
       bubble_down (left);
@@ -130,10 +128,12 @@ struct hb_priority_queue_t
 
   void bubble_up (unsigned index)
   {
+    assert (index <= heap.length);
+
     if (index == 0) return;
 
     unsigned parent_index = parent (index);
-    if (heap[parent_index].first <= heap[index].first)
+    if (heap.arrayZ[parent_index].first <= heap.arrayZ[index].first)
       return;
 
     swap (index, parent_index);
@@ -142,9 +142,9 @@ struct hb_priority_queue_t
 
   void swap (unsigned a, unsigned b)
   {
-    item_t temp = heap[a];
-    heap[a] = heap[b];
-    heap[b] = temp;
+    assert (a <= heap.length);
+    assert (b <= heap.length);
+    hb_swap (heap.arrayZ[a], heap.arrayZ[b]);
   }
 };
 
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-repacker.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-repacker.hh
index 2a9e75c45b..ce9ff90bb4 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-repacker.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-repacker.hh
@@ -49,6 +49,17 @@ struct graph_t
     unsigned end = 0;
     unsigned priority = 0;
 
+    friend void swap (vertex_t& a, vertex_t& b)
+    {
+      hb_swap (a.obj, b.obj);
+      hb_swap (a.distance, b.distance);
+      hb_swap (a.space, b.space);
+      hb_swap (a.parents, b.parents);
+      hb_swap (a.start, b.start);
+      hb_swap (a.end, b.end);
+      hb_swap (a.priority, b.priority);
+    }
+
     bool is_shared () const
     {
       return parents.length > 1;
@@ -148,6 +159,8 @@ struct graph_t
   {
     num_roots_for_space_.push (1);
     bool removed_nil = false;
+    vertices_.alloc (objects.length);
+    vertices_scratch_.alloc (objects.length);
     for (unsigned i = 0; i < objects.length; i++)
     {
       // TODO(grieger): check all links point to valid objects.
@@ -247,59 +260,6 @@ struct graph_t
   }
 
   /*
-   * Generates a new topological sorting of graph using Kahn's
-   * algorithm: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological_sorting#Algorithms
-   */
-  void sort_kahn ()
-  {
-    positions_invalid = true;
-
-    if (vertices_.length <= 1) {
-      // Graph of 1 or less doesn't need sorting.
-      return;
-    }
-
-    hb_vector_t<unsigned> queue;
-    hb_vector_t<vertex_t> sorted_graph;
-    if (unlikely (!check_success (sorted_graph.resize (vertices_.length)))) return;
-    hb_vector_t<unsigned> id_map;
-    if (unlikely (!check_success (id_map.resize (vertices_.length)))) return;
-
-    hb_vector_t<unsigned> removed_edges;
-    if (unlikely (!check_success (removed_edges.resize (vertices_.length)))) return;
-    update_parents ();
-
-    queue.push (root_idx ());
-    int new_id = vertices_.length - 1;
-
-    while (!queue.in_error () && queue.length)
-    {
-      unsigned next_id = queue[0];
-      queue.remove (0);
-
-      vertex_t& next = vertices_[next_id];
-      sorted_graph[new_id] = next;
-      id_map[next_id] = new_id--;
-
-      for (const auto& link : next.obj.all_links ()) {
-        removed_edges[link.objidx]++;
-        if (!(vertices_[link.objidx].incoming_edges () - removed_edges[link.objidx]))
-          queue.push (link.objidx);
-      }
-    }
-
-    check_success (!queue.in_error ());
-    check_success (!sorted_graph.in_error ());
-    if (!check_success (new_id == -1))
-      print_orphaned_nodes ();
-
-    remap_all_obj_indices (id_map, &sorted_graph);
-
-    hb_swap (vertices_, sorted_graph);
-    sorted_graph.fini ();
-  }
-
-  /*
    * Generates a new topological sorting of graph ordered by the shortest
    * distance to each node.
    */
@@ -315,7 +275,7 @@ struct graph_t
     update_distances ();
 
     hb_priority_queue_t queue;
-    hb_vector_t<vertex_t> sorted_graph;
+    hb_vector_t<vertex_t> &sorted_graph = vertices_scratch_;
     if (unlikely (!check_success (sorted_graph.resize (vertices_.length)))) return;
     hb_vector_t<unsigned> id_map;
     if (unlikely (!check_success (id_map.resize (vertices_.length)))) return;
@@ -331,8 +291,9 @@ struct graph_t
     {
       unsigned next_id = queue.pop_minimum().second;
 
-      vertex_t& next = vertices_[next_id];
-      sorted_graph[new_id] = next;
+      hb_swap (sorted_graph[new_id], vertices_[next_id]);
+      const vertex_t& next = sorted_graph[new_id];
+
       id_map[next_id] = new_id--;
 
       for (const auto& link : next.obj.all_links ()) {
@@ -356,7 +317,6 @@ struct graph_t
     remap_all_obj_indices (id_map, &sorted_graph);
 
     hb_swap (vertices_, sorted_graph);
-    sorted_graph.fini ();
   }
 
   /*
@@ -568,12 +528,10 @@ struct graph_t
     // The last object is the root of the graph, so swap back the root to the end.
     // The root's obj idx does change, however since it's root nothing else refers to it.
     // all other obj idx's will be unaffected.
-    vertex_t root = vertices_[vertices_.length - 2];
-    vertices_[clone_idx] = *clone;
-    vertices_[vertices_.length - 1] = root;
+    hb_swap (vertices_[vertices_.length - 2], *clone);
 
     // Since the root moved, update the parents arrays of all children on the root.
-    for (const auto& l : root.obj.all_links ())
+    for (const auto& l : root ().obj.all_links ())
       vertices_[l.objidx].remap_parent (root_idx () - 1, root_idx ());
 
     return clone_idx;
@@ -1090,6 +1048,7 @@ struct graph_t
  public:
   // TODO(garretrieger): make private, will need to move most of offset overflow code into graph.
   hb_vector_t<vertex_t> vertices_;
+  hb_vector_t<vertex_t> vertices_scratch_;
  private:
   bool parents_invalid;
   bool distance_invalid;
@@ -1217,7 +1176,6 @@ hb_resolve_overflows (const T& packed,
   // Kahn sort is ~twice as fast as shortest distance sort and works for many fonts
   // so try it first to save time.
   graph_t sorted_graph (packed);
-  sorted_graph.sort_kahn ();
   if (!sorted_graph.will_overflow ())
   {
     return sorted_graph.serialize ();
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-serialize.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-serialize.hh
index 40895a4548..5663b290c3 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-serialize.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-serialize.hh
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ struct hb_serialize_context_t
     }
 
     object_t () = default;
-    
+
 #ifdef HB_EXPERIMENTAL_API
     object_t (const hb_object_t &o)
     {
@@ -91,6 +91,15 @@ struct hb_serialize_context_t
     }
 #endif
 
+    friend void swap (object_t& a, object_t& b)
+    {
+      hb_swap (a.head, b.head);
+      hb_swap (a.tail, b.tail);
+      hb_swap (a.next, b.next);
+      hb_swap (a.real_links, b.real_links);
+      hb_swap (a.virtual_links, b.virtual_links);
+    }
+
     bool operator == (const object_t &o) const
     {
       // Virtual links aren't considered for equality since they don't affect the functionality
@@ -111,10 +120,10 @@ struct hb_serialize_context_t
     struct link_t
     {
       unsigned width: 3;
-      bool is_signed: 1;
+      unsigned is_signed: 1;
       unsigned whence: 2;
-      unsigned position: 28;
-      unsigned bias;
+      unsigned bias : 26;
+      unsigned position;
       objidx_t objidx;
 
       link_t () = default;
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-set.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-set.hh
index 1f05407869..6025626363 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-set.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-set.hh
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ struct hb_sparseset_t
 
   hb_sparseset_t (const hb_sparseset_t& other) : hb_sparseset_t () { set (other); }
   hb_sparseset_t (hb_sparseset_t&& other) : hb_sparseset_t () { s = std::move (other.s); }
-  hb_sparseset_t& operator= (const hb_sparseset_t& other) { set (other); return *this; }
-  hb_sparseset_t& operator= (hb_sparseset_t&& other) { hb_swap (*this, other); return *this; }
+  hb_sparseset_t& operator = (const hb_sparseset_t& other) { set (other); return *this; }
+  hb_sparseset_t& operator = (hb_sparseset_t&& other) { s = std::move (other.s); return *this; }
   friend void swap (hb_sparseset_t& a, hb_sparseset_t& b) { hb_swap (a.s, b.s); }
 
   hb_sparseset_t (std::initializer_list<hb_codepoint_t> lst) : hb_sparseset_t ()
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ struct hb_sparseset_t
       add (item);
   }
   template <typename Iterable,
-	    hb_requires (hb_is_iterable (Iterable))>
+           hb_requires (hb_is_iterable (Iterable))>
   hb_sparseset_t (const Iterable &o) : hb_sparseset_t ()
   {
     hb_copy (o, *this);
@@ -77,10 +77,12 @@ struct hb_sparseset_t
   void err () { s.err (); }
   bool in_error () const { return s.in_error (); }
 
+  void alloc (unsigned sz) { s.alloc (sz); }
   void reset () { s.reset (); }
   void clear () { s.clear (); }
   void invert () { s.invert (); }
   bool is_empty () const { return s.is_empty (); }
+  uint32_t hash () const { return s.hash (); }
 
   void add (hb_codepoint_t g) { s.add (g); }
   bool add_range (hb_codepoint_t a, hb_codepoint_t b) { return s.add_range (a, b); }
@@ -125,6 +127,8 @@ struct hb_sparseset_t
   void set (const hb_sparseset_t &other) { s.set (other.s); }
 
   bool is_equal (const hb_sparseset_t &other) const { return s.is_equal (other.s); }
+  bool operator == (const hb_set_t &other) const { return is_equal (other); }
+  bool operator != (const hb_set_t &other) const { return !is_equal (other); }
 
   bool is_subset (const hb_sparseset_t &larger_set) const { return s.is_subset (larger_set.s); }
 
@@ -158,15 +162,19 @@ struct hb_sparseset_t
 
 struct hb_set_t : hb_sparseset_t<hb_bit_set_invertible_t>
 {
-  hb_set_t () = default;
+  using sparseset = hb_sparseset_t<hb_bit_set_invertible_t>;
+
   ~hb_set_t () = default;
-  hb_set_t (hb_set_t&) = default;
-  hb_set_t& operator= (const hb_set_t&) = default;
-  hb_set_t& operator= (hb_set_t&&) = default;
-  hb_set_t (std::initializer_list<hb_codepoint_t> lst) : hb_sparseset_t<hb_bit_set_invertible_t> (lst) {}
+  hb_set_t () : sparseset () {};
+  hb_set_t (std::nullptr_t) : hb_set_t () {};
+  hb_set_t (const hb_set_t &o) : sparseset ((sparseset &) o) {};
+  hb_set_t (hb_set_t&& o) : sparseset (std::move ((sparseset &) o)) {}
+  hb_set_t& operator = (const hb_set_t&) = default;
+  hb_set_t& operator = (hb_set_t&&) = default;
+  hb_set_t (std::initializer_list<hb_codepoint_t> lst) : sparseset (lst) {}
   template <typename Iterable,
 	    hb_requires (hb_is_iterable (Iterable))>
-  hb_set_t (const Iterable &o) : hb_sparseset_t<hb_bit_set_invertible_t> (o) {}
+  hb_set_t (const Iterable &o) : sparseset (o) {}
 };
 
 static_assert (hb_set_t::INVALID == HB_SET_VALUE_INVALID, "");
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-cff-common.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-cff-common.hh
index 18657705fa..ae155b4e3c 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-cff-common.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-cff-common.hh
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ struct str_encoder_t
   str_encoder_t (str_buff_t &buff_)
     : buff (buff_), error (false) {}
 
-  void reset () { buff.resize (0); }
+  void reset () { buff.reset (); }
 
   void encode_byte (unsigned char b)
   {
@@ -107,20 +107,18 @@ struct str_encoder_t
       encode_byte (op);
   }
 
-  void copy_str (const byte_str_t &str)
+  void copy_str (const hb_ubytes_t &str)
   {
     unsigned int  offset = buff.length;
-    if (unlikely (!buff.resize (offset + str.length)))
+    /* Manually resize buffer since faster. */
+    if ((signed) (buff.length + str.length) <= buff.allocated)
+      buff.length += str.length;
+    else if (unlikely (!buff.resize (offset + str.length)))
     {
       set_error ();
       return;
     }
-    if (unlikely (buff.length < offset + str.length))
-    {
-      set_error ();
-      return;
-    }
-    memcpy (&buff[offset], &str[0], str.length);
+    memcpy (buff.arrayZ + offset, &str[0], str.length);
   }
 
   bool is_error () const { return error; }
@@ -253,12 +251,12 @@ struct subr_flattener_t
 	if (endchar_op != OpCode_Invalid) flat_charstrings[i].push (endchar_op);
 	continue;
       }
-      const byte_str_t str = (*acc.charStrings)[glyph];
+      const hb_ubytes_t str = (*acc.charStrings)[glyph];
       unsigned int fd = acc.fdSelect->get_fd (glyph);
       if (unlikely (fd >= acc.fdCount))
 	return false;
-      cs_interpreter_t<ENV, OPSET, flatten_param_t> interp;
-      interp.env.init (str, acc, fd);
+      ENV env (str, acc, fd);
+      cs_interpreter_t<ENV, OPSET, flatten_param_t> interp (env);
       flatten_param_t  param = {
         flat_charstrings[i],
         (bool) (plan->flags & HB_SUBSET_FLAGS_NO_HINTING)
@@ -317,9 +315,9 @@ struct parsed_cs_op_t : op_str_t
   unsigned int  subr_num;
 
   protected:
-  bool	  drop_flag : 1;
-  bool	  keep_flag : 1;
-  bool	  skip_flag : 1;
+  bool	  drop_flag;
+  bool	  keep_flag;
+  bool	  skip_flag;
 };
 
 struct parsed_cs_str_t : parsed_values_t<parsed_cs_op_t>
@@ -398,19 +396,19 @@ struct parsed_cs_str_vec_t : hb_vector_t<parsed_cs_str_t>
 
 struct subr_subset_param_t
 {
-  void init (parsed_cs_str_t *parsed_charstring_,
-	     parsed_cs_str_vec_t *parsed_global_subrs_, parsed_cs_str_vec_t *parsed_local_subrs_,
-	     hb_set_t *global_closure_, hb_set_t *local_closure_,
-	     bool drop_hints_)
-  {
-    parsed_charstring = parsed_charstring_;
-    current_parsed_str = parsed_charstring;
-    parsed_global_subrs = parsed_global_subrs_;
-    parsed_local_subrs = parsed_local_subrs_;
-    global_closure = global_closure_;
-    local_closure = local_closure_;
-    drop_hints = drop_hints_;
-  }
+  subr_subset_param_t (parsed_cs_str_t *parsed_charstring_,
+		       parsed_cs_str_vec_t *parsed_global_subrs_,
+		       parsed_cs_str_vec_t *parsed_local_subrs_,
+		       hb_set_t *global_closure_,
+		       hb_set_t *local_closure_,
+		       bool drop_hints_) :
+      current_parsed_str (parsed_charstring_),
+      parsed_charstring (parsed_charstring_),
+      parsed_global_subrs (parsed_global_subrs_),
+      parsed_local_subrs (parsed_local_subrs_),
+      global_closure (global_closure_),
+      local_closure (local_closure_),
+      drop_hints (drop_hints_) {}
 
   parsed_cs_str_t *get_parsed_str_for_context (call_context_t &context)
   {
@@ -468,6 +466,7 @@ struct subr_remap_t : hb_inc_bimap_t
      * no optimization based on usage counts. fonttools doesn't appear doing that either.
      */
 
+    resize (closure->get_population ());
     hb_codepoint_t old_num = HB_SET_VALUE_INVALID;
     while (hb_set_next (closure, &old_num))
       add (old_num);
@@ -561,19 +560,21 @@ struct subr_subsetter_t
       hb_codepoint_t  glyph;
       if (!plan->old_gid_for_new_gid (i, &glyph))
 	continue;
-      const byte_str_t str = (*acc.charStrings)[glyph];
+      const hb_ubytes_t str = (*acc.charStrings)[glyph];
       unsigned int fd = acc.fdSelect->get_fd (glyph);
       if (unlikely (fd >= acc.fdCount))
 	return false;
 
-      cs_interpreter_t<ENV, OPSET, subr_subset_param_t> interp;
-      interp.env.init (str, acc, fd);
+      ENV env (str, acc, fd);
+      cs_interpreter_t<ENV, OPSET, subr_subset_param_t> interp (env);
 
-      subr_subset_param_t  param;
-      param.init (&parsed_charstrings[i],
-		  &parsed_global_subrs,  &parsed_local_subrs[fd],
-		  &closures.global_closure, &closures.local_closures[fd],
-		  plan->flags & HB_SUBSET_FLAGS_NO_HINTING);
+      parsed_charstrings[i].alloc (str.length);
+      subr_subset_param_t  param (&parsed_charstrings[i],
+				  &parsed_global_subrs,
+				  &parsed_local_subrs[fd],
+				  &closures.global_closure,
+				  &closures.local_closures[fd],
+				  plan->flags & HB_SUBSET_FLAGS_NO_HINTING);
 
       if (unlikely (!interp.interpret (param)))
 	return false;
@@ -593,11 +594,12 @@ struct subr_subsetter_t
 	unsigned int fd = acc.fdSelect->get_fd (glyph);
 	if (unlikely (fd >= acc.fdCount))
 	  return false;
-	subr_subset_param_t  param;
-	param.init (&parsed_charstrings[i],
-		    &parsed_global_subrs,  &parsed_local_subrs[fd],
-		    &closures.global_closure, &closures.local_closures[fd],
-                    plan->flags & HB_SUBSET_FLAGS_NO_HINTING);
+	subr_subset_param_t  param (&parsed_charstrings[i],
+				    &parsed_global_subrs,
+				    &parsed_local_subrs[fd],
+				    &closures.global_closure,
+				    &closures.local_closures[fd],
+				    plan->flags & HB_SUBSET_FLAGS_NO_HINTING);
 
 	drop_hints_param_t  drop;
 	if (drop_hints_in_str (parsed_charstrings[i], param, drop))
@@ -618,11 +620,12 @@ struct subr_subsetter_t
 	unsigned int fd = acc.fdSelect->get_fd (glyph);
 	if (unlikely (fd >= acc.fdCount))
 	  return false;
-	subr_subset_param_t  param;
-	param.init (&parsed_charstrings[i],
-		    &parsed_global_subrs,  &parsed_local_subrs[fd],
-		    &closures.global_closure, &closures.local_closures[fd],
-                    plan->flags & HB_SUBSET_FLAGS_NO_HINTING);
+	subr_subset_param_t  param (&parsed_charstrings[i],
+				    &parsed_global_subrs,
+				    &parsed_local_subrs[fd],
+				    &closures.global_closure,
+				    &closures.local_closures[fd],
+				    plan->flags & HB_SUBSET_FLAGS_NO_HINTING);
 	collect_subr_refs_in_str (parsed_charstrings[i], param);
       }
     }
@@ -849,9 +852,10 @@ struct subr_subsetter_t
 
   bool encode_str (const parsed_cs_str_t &str, const unsigned int fd, str_buff_t &buff) const
   {
-    buff.init ();
+    unsigned count = str.get_count ();
     str_encoder_t  encoder (buff);
     encoder.reset ();
+    buff.alloc (count * 3);
     /* if a prefix (CFF1 width or CFF2 vsindex) has been removed along with hints,
      * re-insert it at the beginning of charstreing */
     if (str.has_prefix () && str.is_hint_dropped ())
@@ -860,7 +864,7 @@ struct subr_subsetter_t
       if (str.prefix_op () != OpCode_Invalid)
 	encoder.encode_op (str.prefix_op ());
     }
-    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < str.get_count(); i++)
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++)
     {
       const parsed_cs_op_t  &opstr = str.values[i];
       if (!opstr.for_drop () && !opstr.for_skip ())
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-cff1.cc b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-cff1.cc
index 35fecd67bc..52bb13d320 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-cff1.cc
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-cff1.cc
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ struct cff1_top_dict_op_serializer_t : cff_top_dict_op_serializer_t<cff1_top_dic
 	  supp_op.op = op;
 	  if ( unlikely (!(opstr.str.length >= opstr.last_arg_offset + 3)))
 	    return_trace (false);
-	  supp_op.str = byte_str_t (&opstr.str + opstr.last_arg_offset, opstr.str.length - opstr.last_arg_offset);
+	  supp_op.str = hb_ubytes_t (&opstr.str + opstr.last_arg_offset, opstr.str.length - opstr.last_arg_offset);
 	  return_trace (UnsizedByteStr::serialize_int2 (c, mod.nameSIDs[name_dict_values_t::registry]) &&
 			UnsizedByteStr::serialize_int2 (c, mod.nameSIDs[name_dict_values_t::ordering]) &&
 			copy_opstr (c, supp_op));
@@ -270,13 +270,13 @@ struct range_list_t : hb_vector_t<code_pair_t>
   /* replace the first glyph ID in the "glyph" field each range with a nLeft value */
   bool complete (unsigned int last_glyph)
   {
-    bool  two_byte = false;
-    for (unsigned int i = (*this).length; i > 0; i--)
+    bool two_byte = false;
+    unsigned count = this->length;
+    for (unsigned int i = count; i; i--)
     {
-      code_pair_t &pair = (*this)[i - 1];
-      unsigned int  nLeft = last_glyph - pair.glyph - 1;
-      if (nLeft >= 0x100)
-	two_byte = true;
+      code_pair_t &pair = arrayZ[i - 1];
+      unsigned int nLeft = last_glyph - pair.glyph - 1;
+      two_byte |= nLeft >= 0x100;
       last_glyph = pair.glyph;
       pair.glyph = nLeft;
     }
@@ -442,6 +442,9 @@ struct cff_subset_plan {
       return;
     }
 
+    bool use_glyph_to_sid_map = plan->num_output_glyphs () > plan->source->get_num_glyphs () / 8.;
+    hb_map_t *glyph_to_sid_map = use_glyph_to_sid_map ? acc.create_glyph_to_sid_map () : nullptr;
+
     unsigned int glyph;
     for (glyph = 1; glyph < plan->num_output_glyphs (); glyph++)
     {
@@ -451,7 +454,7 @@ struct cff_subset_plan {
 	/* Retain the SID for the old missing glyph ID */
 	old_glyph = glyph;
       }
-      sid = acc.glyph_to_sid (old_glyph);
+      sid = glyph_to_sid_map ? glyph_to_sid_map->get (old_glyph) : acc.glyph_to_sid (old_glyph);
 
       if (!acc.is_CID ())
 	sid = sidmap.add (sid);
@@ -464,6 +467,9 @@ struct cff_subset_plan {
       last_sid = sid;
     }
 
+    if (glyph_to_sid_map)
+      hb_map_destroy (glyph_to_sid_map);
+
     bool two_byte = subset_charset_ranges.complete (glyph);
 
     size0 = Charset0::min_size + HBUINT16::static_size * (plan->num_output_glyphs () - 1);
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-cff2.cc b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-cff2.cc
index 92dd6b1d2c..08e820efcf 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-cff2.cc
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-cff2.cc
@@ -67,9 +67,9 @@ struct cff2_top_dict_op_serializer_t : cff_top_dict_op_serializer_t<>
   }
 };
 
-struct cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t : cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t, flatten_param_t>
+struct cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t : cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t, flatten_param_t, blend_arg_t>
 {
-  static void flush_args_and_op (op_code_t op, cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, flatten_param_t& param)
+  static void flush_args_and_op (op_code_t op, cff2_cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t> &env, flatten_param_t& param)
   {
     switch (op)
     {
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ struct cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t : cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t, flatte
     }
   }
 
-  static void flush_args (cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, flatten_param_t& param)
+  static void flush_args (cff2_cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t> &env, flatten_param_t& param)
   {
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < env.argStack.get_count ();)
     {
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ struct cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t : cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t, flatte
     SUPER::flush_args (env, param);
   }
 
-  static void flatten_blends (const blend_arg_t &arg, unsigned int i, cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, flatten_param_t& param)
+  static void flatten_blends (const blend_arg_t &arg, unsigned int i, cff2_cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t> &env, flatten_param_t& param)
   {
     /* flatten the default values */
     str_encoder_t  encoder (param.flatStr);
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ struct cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t : cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t, flatte
     encoder.encode_op (OpCode_blendcs);
   }
 
-  static void flush_op (op_code_t op, cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, flatten_param_t& param)
+  static void flush_op (op_code_t op, cff2_cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t> &env, flatten_param_t& param)
   {
     switch (op)
     {
@@ -163,13 +163,13 @@ struct cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t : cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t, flatte
   }
 
   private:
-  typedef cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t, flatten_param_t> SUPER;
-  typedef cs_opset_t<blend_arg_t, cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t, cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t, cff2_cs_interp_env_t, flatten_param_t> CSOPSET;
+  typedef cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t, flatten_param_t, blend_arg_t> SUPER;
+  typedef cs_opset_t<blend_arg_t, cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t, cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t, cff2_cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t>, flatten_param_t> CSOPSET;
 };
 
-struct cff2_cs_opset_subr_subset_t : cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_subr_subset_t, subr_subset_param_t>
+struct cff2_cs_opset_subr_subset_t : cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_subr_subset_t, subr_subset_param_t, blend_arg_t>
 {
-  static void process_op (op_code_t op, cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, subr_subset_param_t& param)
+  static void process_op (op_code_t op, cff2_cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t> &env, subr_subset_param_t& param)
   {
     switch (op) {
 
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ struct cff2_cs_opset_subr_subset_t : cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_subr_subset_t
 
   protected:
   static void process_call_subr (op_code_t op, cs_type_t type,
-				 cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, subr_subset_param_t& param,
+				 cff2_cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t> &env, subr_subset_param_t& param,
 				 cff2_biased_subrs_t& subrs, hb_set_t *closure)
   {
     byte_str_ref_t    str_ref = env.str_ref;
@@ -212,15 +212,15 @@ struct cff2_cs_opset_subr_subset_t : cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_subr_subset_t
   }
 
   private:
-  typedef cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_subr_subset_t, subr_subset_param_t> SUPER;
+  typedef cff2_cs_opset_t<cff2_cs_opset_subr_subset_t, subr_subset_param_t, blend_arg_t> SUPER;
 };
 
-struct cff2_subr_subsetter_t : subr_subsetter_t<cff2_subr_subsetter_t, CFF2Subrs, const OT::cff2::accelerator_subset_t, cff2_cs_interp_env_t, cff2_cs_opset_subr_subset_t>
+struct cff2_subr_subsetter_t : subr_subsetter_t<cff2_subr_subsetter_t, CFF2Subrs, const OT::cff2::accelerator_subset_t, cff2_cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t>, cff2_cs_opset_subr_subset_t>
 {
   cff2_subr_subsetter_t (const OT::cff2::accelerator_subset_t &acc_, const hb_subset_plan_t *plan_)
     : subr_subsetter_t (acc_, plan_) {}
 
-  static void complete_parsed_str (cff2_cs_interp_env_t &env, subr_subset_param_t& param, parsed_cs_str_t &charstring)
+  static void complete_parsed_str (cff2_cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t> &env, subr_subset_param_t& param, parsed_cs_str_t &charstring)
   {
     /* vsindex is inserted at the beginning of the charstring as necessary */
     if (env.seen_vsindex ())
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ struct cff2_subset_plan {
     if (desubroutinize)
     {
       /* Flatten global & local subrs */
-      subr_flattener_t<const OT::cff2::accelerator_subset_t, cff2_cs_interp_env_t, cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t>
+      subr_flattener_t<const OT::cff2::accelerator_subset_t, cff2_cs_interp_env_t<blend_arg_t>, cff2_cs_opset_flatten_t>
 		    flattener(acc, plan);
       if (!flattener.flatten (subset_charstrings))
 	return false;
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-plan.cc b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-plan.cc
index 74b7e3977c..a62ae8e024 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-plan.cc
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-plan.cc
@@ -279,12 +279,7 @@ static inline void
 _remove_invalid_gids (hb_set_t *glyphs,
 		      unsigned int num_glyphs)
 {
-  hb_codepoint_t gid = HB_SET_VALUE_INVALID;
-  while (glyphs->next (&gid))
-  {
-    if (gid >= num_glyphs)
-      glyphs->del (gid);
-  }
+  glyphs->del_range (num_glyphs, HB_SET_VALUE_INVALID);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -294,12 +289,13 @@ _populate_unicodes_to_retain (const hb_set_t *unicodes,
 {
   OT::cmap::accelerator_t cmap (plan->source);
 
-  constexpr static const int size_threshold = 4096;
-
+  unsigned size_threshold = plan->source->get_num_glyphs ();
   if (glyphs->is_empty () && unicodes->get_population () < size_threshold)
   {
-    /* This is the fast path if it's anticipated that size of unicodes
-     * is << than the number of codepoints in the font. */
+    // This is approach to collection is faster, but can only be used  if glyphs
+    // are not being explicitly added to the subset and the input unicodes set is
+    // not excessively large (eg. an inverted set).
+    plan->unicode_to_new_gid_list.alloc (unicodes->get_population ());
     for (hb_codepoint_t cp : *unicodes)
     {
       hb_codepoint_t gid;
@@ -310,27 +306,32 @@ _populate_unicodes_to_retain (const hb_set_t *unicodes,
       }
 
       plan->codepoint_to_glyph->set (cp, gid);
+      plan->unicode_to_new_gid_list.push (hb_pair (cp, gid));
     }
   }
   else
   {
+    // This approach is slower, but can handle adding in glyphs to the subset and will match
+    // them with cmap entries.
     hb_map_t unicode_glyphid_map;
-    cmap.collect_mapping (hb_set_get_empty (), &unicode_glyphid_map);
+    hb_set_t cmap_unicodes;
+    cmap.collect_mapping (&cmap_unicodes, &unicode_glyphid_map);
+    plan->unicode_to_new_gid_list.alloc (hb_min(unicodes->get_population ()
+                                                + glyphs->get_population (),
+                                                cmap_unicodes.get_population ()));
 
-    for (hb_pair_t<hb_codepoint_t, hb_codepoint_t> cp_gid :
-	 + unicode_glyphid_map.iter ())
+    for (hb_codepoint_t cp : cmap_unicodes)
     {
-      if (!unicodes->has (cp_gid.first) && !glyphs->has (cp_gid.second))
-	continue;
+      hb_codepoint_t gid = unicode_glyphid_map[cp];
+      if (!unicodes->has (cp) && !glyphs->has (gid))
+        continue;
 
-      plan->codepoint_to_glyph->set (cp_gid.first, cp_gid.second);
+      plan->codepoint_to_glyph->set (cp, gid);
+      plan->unicode_to_new_gid_list.push (hb_pair (cp, gid));
     }
 
     /* Add gids which where requested, but not mapped in cmap */
-    // TODO(garretrieger):
-    // Once https://github.com/harfbuzz/harfbuzz/issues/3169
-    // is implemented, this can be done with union and del_range
-    for (hb_codepoint_t gid : glyphs->iter ())
+    for (hb_codepoint_t gid : *glyphs)
     {
       if (gid >= plan->source->get_num_glyphs ())
 	break;
@@ -338,8 +339,12 @@ _populate_unicodes_to_retain (const hb_set_t *unicodes,
     }
   }
 
-  + plan->codepoint_to_glyph->keys ()   | hb_sink (plan->unicodes);
-  + plan->codepoint_to_glyph->values () | hb_sink (plan->_glyphset_gsub);
+  auto &arr = plan->unicode_to_new_gid_list;
+  if (arr.length)
+  {
+    plan->unicodes->add_sorted_array (&arr.arrayZ->first, arr.length, sizeof (*arr.arrayZ));
+    plan->_glyphset_gsub->add_array (&arr.arrayZ->second, arr.length, sizeof (*arr.arrayZ));
+  }
 }
 
 static void
@@ -388,16 +393,19 @@ _populate_gids_to_retain (hb_subset_plan_t* plan,
   _remove_invalid_gids (&cur_glyphset, plan->source->get_num_glyphs ());
 
   hb_set_set (plan->_glyphset_colred, &cur_glyphset);
-  // Populate a full set of glyphs to retain by adding all referenced
-  // composite glyphs.
-  for (hb_codepoint_t gid : cur_glyphset.iter ())
-  {
-    glyf.add_gid_and_children (gid, plan->_glyphset);
+
+  /* Populate a full set of glyphs to retain by adding all referenced
+   * composite glyphs. */
+  if (glyf.has_data ())
+    for (hb_codepoint_t gid : cur_glyphset)
+      glyf.add_gid_and_children (gid, plan->_glyphset);
+  else
+    plan->_glyphset->union_ (cur_glyphset);
 #ifndef HB_NO_SUBSET_CFF
-    if (cff.is_valid ())
+  if (cff.is_valid ())
+    for (hb_codepoint_t gid : cur_glyphset)
       _add_cff_seac_components (cff, gid, plan->_glyphset);
 #endif
-  }
 
   _remove_invalid_gids (plan->_glyphset, plan->source->get_num_glyphs ());
 
@@ -413,6 +421,20 @@ _populate_gids_to_retain (hb_subset_plan_t* plan,
 }
 
 static void
+_create_glyph_map_gsub (const hb_set_t* glyph_set_gsub,
+                        const hb_map_t* glyph_map,
+                        hb_map_t* out)
+{
+  + hb_iter (glyph_set_gsub)
+  | hb_map ([&] (hb_codepoint_t gid) {
+    return hb_pair_t<hb_codepoint_t, hb_codepoint_t> (gid,
+                                                      glyph_map->get (gid));
+  })
+  | hb_sink (out)
+  ;
+}
+
+static void
 _create_old_gid_to_new_gid_map (const hb_face_t *face,
 				bool		 retain_gids,
 				const hb_set_t	*all_gids_to_retain,
@@ -420,13 +442,19 @@ _create_old_gid_to_new_gid_map (const hb_face_t *face,
 				hb_map_t	*reverse_glyph_map, /* OUT */
 				unsigned int	*num_glyphs /* OUT */)
 {
+  unsigned pop = all_gids_to_retain->get_population ();
+  reverse_glyph_map->resize (pop);
+  glyph_map->resize (pop);
+
   if (!retain_gids)
   {
     + hb_enumerate (hb_iter (all_gids_to_retain), (hb_codepoint_t) 0)
     | hb_sink (reverse_glyph_map)
     ;
     *num_glyphs = reverse_glyph_map->get_population ();
-  } else {
+  }
+  else
+  {
     + hb_iter (all_gids_to_retain)
     | hb_map ([] (hb_codepoint_t _) {
 		return hb_pair_t<hb_codepoint_t, hb_codepoint_t> (_, _);
@@ -434,10 +462,9 @@ _create_old_gid_to_new_gid_map (const hb_face_t *face,
     | hb_sink (reverse_glyph_map)
     ;
 
-    unsigned max_glyph =
-    + hb_iter (all_gids_to_retain)
-    | hb_reduce (hb_max, 0u)
-    ;
+    hb_codepoint_t max_glyph = HB_SET_VALUE_INVALID;
+    hb_set_previous (all_gids_to_retain, &max_glyph);
+
     *num_glyphs = max_glyph + 1;
   }
 
@@ -485,6 +512,9 @@ hb_subset_plan_create_or_fail (hb_face_t	 *face,
   plan->successful = true;
   plan->flags = input->flags;
   plan->unicodes = hb_set_create ();
+
+  plan->unicode_to_new_gid_list.init ();
+
   plan->name_ids = hb_set_copy (input->sets.name_ids);
   _nameid_closure (face, plan->name_ids);
   plan->name_languages = hb_set_copy (input->sets.name_languages);
@@ -502,6 +532,7 @@ hb_subset_plan_create_or_fail (hb_face_t	 *face,
   plan->codepoint_to_glyph = hb_map_create ();
   plan->glyph_map = hb_map_create ();
   plan->reverse_glyph_map = hb_map_create ();
+  plan->glyph_map_gsub = hb_map_create ();
   plan->gsub_lookups = hb_map_create ();
   plan->gpos_lookups = hb_map_create ();
 
@@ -536,6 +567,19 @@ hb_subset_plan_create_or_fail (hb_face_t	 *face,
 				  plan->reverse_glyph_map,
 				  &plan->_num_output_glyphs);
 
+  _create_glyph_map_gsub (
+      plan->_glyphset_gsub,
+      plan->glyph_map,
+      plan->glyph_map_gsub);
+
+  // Now that we have old to new gid map update the unicode to new gid list.
+  for (unsigned i = 0; i < plan->unicode_to_new_gid_list.length; i++)
+  {
+    // Use raw array access for performance.
+    plan->unicode_to_new_gid_list.arrayZ[i].second =
+        plan->glyph_map->get(plan->unicode_to_new_gid_list.arrayZ[i].second);
+  }
+
   if (unlikely (plan->in_error ())) {
     hb_subset_plan_destroy (plan);
     return nullptr;
@@ -558,6 +602,7 @@ hb_subset_plan_destroy (hb_subset_plan_t *plan)
   if (!hb_object_destroy (plan)) return;
 
   hb_set_destroy (plan->unicodes);
+  plan->unicode_to_new_gid_list.fini ();
   hb_set_destroy (plan->name_ids);
   hb_set_destroy (plan->name_languages);
   hb_set_destroy (plan->layout_features);
@@ -569,6 +614,7 @@ hb_subset_plan_destroy (hb_subset_plan_t *plan)
   hb_map_destroy (plan->codepoint_to_glyph);
   hb_map_destroy (plan->glyph_map);
   hb_map_destroy (plan->reverse_glyph_map);
+  hb_map_destroy (plan->glyph_map_gsub);
   hb_set_destroy (plan->_glyphset);
   hb_set_destroy (plan->_glyphset_gsub);
   hb_set_destroy (plan->_glyphset_mathed);
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-plan.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-plan.hh
index ab2c4c302c..cb567b769e 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-plan.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset-plan.hh
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ struct hb_subset_plan_t
 
   // For each cp that we'd like to retain maps to the corresponding gid.
   hb_set_t *unicodes;
+  hb_vector_t<hb_pair_t<hb_codepoint_t, hb_codepoint_t>> unicode_to_new_gid_list;
 
   // name_ids we would like to retain
   hb_set_t *name_ids;
@@ -69,6 +70,7 @@ struct hb_subset_plan_t
   // Old -> New glyph id mapping
   hb_map_t *glyph_map;
   hb_map_t *reverse_glyph_map;
+  hb_map_t *glyph_map_gsub;
 
   // Plan is only good for a specific source/dest so keep them with it
   hb_face_t *source;
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset.cc b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset.cc
index 4588268b76..31ddb4f894 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset.cc
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-subset.cc
@@ -79,12 +79,14 @@ using OT::Layout::GSUB::GSUB;
  */
 
 static unsigned
-_plan_estimate_subset_table_size (hb_subset_plan_t *plan, unsigned table_len)
+_plan_estimate_subset_table_size (hb_subset_plan_t *plan,
+				  unsigned table_len,
+				  bool same_size)
 {
   unsigned src_glyphs = plan->source->get_num_glyphs ();
   unsigned dst_glyphs = plan->glyphset ()->get_population ();
 
-  if (unlikely (!src_glyphs))
+  if (unlikely (!src_glyphs) || same_size)
     return 512 + table_len;
 
   return 512 + (unsigned) (table_len * sqrt ((double) dst_glyphs / src_glyphs));
@@ -123,7 +125,6 @@ static
 bool
 _try_subset (const TableType *table,
              hb_vector_t<char>* buf,
-             unsigned buf_size,
              hb_subset_context_t* c /* OUT */)
 {
   c->serializer->start_serialize<TableType> ();
@@ -136,7 +137,8 @@ _try_subset (const TableType *table,
     return needed;
   }
 
-  buf_size += (buf_size >> 1) + 32;
+  unsigned buf_size = buf->allocated;
+  buf_size = buf_size * 2 + 16;
   DEBUG_MSG (SUBSET, nullptr, "OT::%c%c%c%c ran out of room; reallocating to %u bytes.",
              HB_UNTAG (c->table_tag), buf_size);
 
@@ -147,13 +149,13 @@ _try_subset (const TableType *table,
     return needed;
   }
 
-  c->serializer->reset (buf->arrayZ, buf_size);
-  return _try_subset (table, buf, buf_size, c);
+  c->serializer->reset (buf->arrayZ, buf->allocated);
+  return _try_subset (table, buf, c);
 }
 
 template<typename TableType>
 static bool
-_subset (hb_subset_plan_t *plan)
+_subset (hb_subset_plan_t *plan, hb_vector_t<char> &buf)
 {
   hb_blob_t *source_blob = hb_sanitize_context_t ().reference_table<TableType> (plan->source);
   const TableType *table = source_blob->as<TableType> ();
@@ -167,10 +169,13 @@ _subset (hb_subset_plan_t *plan)
     return false;
   }
 
-  hb_vector_t<char> buf;
-  /* TODO Not all tables are glyph-related.  'name' table size for example should not be
-   * affected by number of glyphs.  Accommodate that. */
-  unsigned buf_size = _plan_estimate_subset_table_size (plan, source_blob->length);
+  /* Tables that we want to allocate same space as the source table. For GSUB/GPOS it's
+   * because those are expensive to subset, so giving them more room is fine. */
+  bool same_size_table = TableType::tableTag == HB_OT_TAG_GSUB ||
+			 TableType::tableTag == HB_OT_TAG_GPOS ||
+			 TableType::tableTag == HB_OT_TAG_name;
+
+  unsigned buf_size = _plan_estimate_subset_table_size (plan, source_blob->length, same_size_table);
   DEBUG_MSG (SUBSET, nullptr,
              "OT::%c%c%c%c initial estimated table size: %u bytes.", HB_UNTAG (tag), buf_size);
   if (unlikely (!buf.alloc (buf_size)))
@@ -181,10 +186,10 @@ _subset (hb_subset_plan_t *plan)
   }
 
   bool needed = false;
-  hb_serialize_context_t serializer (buf.arrayZ, buf_size);
+  hb_serialize_context_t serializer (buf.arrayZ, buf.allocated);
   {
     hb_subset_context_t c (source_blob, plan, &serializer, tag);
-    needed = _try_subset (table, &buf, buf_size, &c);
+    needed = _try_subset (table, &buf, &c);
   }
   hb_blob_destroy (source_blob);
 
@@ -274,7 +279,9 @@ _passthrough (hb_subset_plan_t *plan, hb_tag_t tag)
 }
 
 static bool
-_subset_table (hb_subset_plan_t *plan, hb_tag_t tag)
+_subset_table (hb_subset_plan_t *plan,
+	       hb_vector_t<char> &buf,
+	       hb_tag_t tag)
 {
   if (plan->no_subset_tables->has (tag)) {
     return _passthrough (plan, tag);
@@ -283,42 +290,42 @@ _subset_table (hb_subset_plan_t *plan, hb_tag_t tag)
   DEBUG_MSG (SUBSET, nullptr, "subset %c%c%c%c", HB_UNTAG (tag));
   switch (tag)
   {
-  case HB_OT_TAG_glyf: return _subset<const OT::glyf> (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_hdmx: return _subset<const OT::hdmx> (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_name: return _subset<const OT::name> (plan);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_glyf: return _subset<const OT::glyf> (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_hdmx: return _subset<const OT::hdmx> (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_name: return _subset<const OT::name> (plan, buf);
   case HB_OT_TAG_head:
     if (_is_table_present (plan->source, HB_OT_TAG_glyf) && !_should_drop_table (plan, HB_OT_TAG_glyf))
       return true; /* skip head, handled by glyf */
-    return _subset<const OT::head> (plan);
+    return _subset<const OT::head> (plan, buf);
   case HB_OT_TAG_hhea: return true; /* skip hhea, handled by hmtx */
-  case HB_OT_TAG_hmtx: return _subset<const OT::hmtx> (plan);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_hmtx: return _subset<const OT::hmtx> (plan, buf);
   case HB_OT_TAG_vhea: return true; /* skip vhea, handled by vmtx */
-  case HB_OT_TAG_vmtx: return _subset<const OT::vmtx> (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_maxp: return _subset<const OT::maxp> (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_sbix: return _subset<const OT::sbix> (plan);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_vmtx: return _subset<const OT::vmtx> (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_maxp: return _subset<const OT::maxp> (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_sbix: return _subset<const OT::sbix> (plan, buf);
   case HB_OT_TAG_loca: return true; /* skip loca, handled by glyf */
-  case HB_OT_TAG_cmap: return _subset<const OT::cmap> (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_OS2 : return _subset<const OT::OS2 > (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_post: return _subset<const OT::post> (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_COLR: return _subset<const OT::COLR> (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_CPAL: return _subset<const OT::CPAL> (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_CBLC: return _subset<const OT::CBLC> (plan);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_cmap: return _subset<const OT::cmap> (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_OS2 : return _subset<const OT::OS2 > (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_post: return _subset<const OT::post> (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_COLR: return _subset<const OT::COLR> (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_CPAL: return _subset<const OT::CPAL> (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_CBLC: return _subset<const OT::CBLC> (plan, buf);
   case HB_OT_TAG_CBDT: return true; /* skip CBDT, handled by CBLC */
-  case HB_OT_TAG_MATH: return _subset<const OT::MATH> (plan);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_MATH: return _subset<const OT::MATH> (plan, buf);
 
 #ifndef HB_NO_SUBSET_CFF
-  case HB_OT_TAG_cff1: return _subset<const OT::cff1> (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_cff2: return _subset<const OT::cff2> (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_VORG: return _subset<const OT::VORG> (plan);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_cff1: return _subset<const OT::cff1> (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_cff2: return _subset<const OT::cff2> (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_VORG: return _subset<const OT::VORG> (plan, buf);
 #endif
 
 #ifndef HB_NO_SUBSET_LAYOUT
-  case HB_OT_TAG_GDEF: return _subset<const OT::GDEF> (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_GSUB: return _subset<const GSUB> (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_GPOS: return _subset<const OT::GPOS> (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_gvar: return _subset<const OT::gvar> (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_HVAR: return _subset<const OT::HVAR> (plan);
-  case HB_OT_TAG_VVAR: return _subset<const OT::VVAR> (plan);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_GDEF: return _subset<const OT::GDEF> (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_GSUB: return _subset<const GSUB> (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_GPOS: return _subset<const OT::GPOS> (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_gvar: return _subset<const OT::gvar> (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_HVAR: return _subset<const OT::HVAR> (plan, buf);
+  case HB_OT_TAG_VVAR: return _subset<const OT::VVAR> (plan, buf);
 #endif
 
   default:
@@ -379,6 +386,8 @@ hb_subset_plan_execute_or_fail (hb_subset_plan_t *plan)
   bool success = true;
   hb_tag_t table_tags[32];
   unsigned offset = 0, num_tables = ARRAY_LENGTH (table_tags);
+  hb_vector_t<char> buf;
+  buf.alloc (4096 - 16);
   while ((hb_face_get_table_tags (plan->source, offset, &num_tables, table_tags), num_tables))
   {
     for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_tables; ++i)
@@ -386,7 +395,7 @@ hb_subset_plan_execute_or_fail (hb_subset_plan_t *plan)
       hb_tag_t tag = table_tags[i];
       if (_should_drop_table (plan, tag) && !tags_set.has (tag)) continue;
       tags_set.add (tag);
-      success = _subset_table (plan, tag);
+      success = _subset_table (plan, buf, tag);
       if (unlikely (!success)) goto end;
     }
     offset += num_tables;
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-vector.hh b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-vector.hh
index 6c7d32e49d..7b08e3b4d2 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-vector.hh
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-vector.hh
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 
 #include "hb.hh"
 #include "hb-array.hh"
+#include "hb-meta.hh"
 #include "hb-null.hh"
 
 
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ struct hb_vector_t : std::conditional<sorted, hb_vector_t<Type, false>, hb_empty
   using c_array_t = typename std::conditional<sorted, hb_sorted_array_t<const Type>, hb_array_t<const Type>>::type;
 
   hb_vector_t () = default;
+  hb_vector_t (std::nullptr_t) : hb_vector_t () {}
   hb_vector_t (std::initializer_list<Type> lst) : hb_vector_t ()
   {
     alloc (lst.size ());
@@ -59,7 +61,8 @@ struct hb_vector_t : std::conditional<sorted, hb_vector_t<Type, false>, hb_empty
   hb_vector_t (const hb_vector_t &o) : hb_vector_t ()
   {
     alloc (o.length);
-    hb_copy (o, *this);
+    if (unlikely (in_error ())) return;
+    copy_vector (o);
   }
   hb_vector_t (hb_vector_t &&o)
   {
@@ -70,9 +73,8 @@ struct hb_vector_t : std::conditional<sorted, hb_vector_t<Type, false>, hb_empty
   }
   ~hb_vector_t () { fini (); }
 
-  private:
-  int allocated = 0; /* == -1 means allocation failed. */
   public:
+  int allocated = 0; /* == -1 means allocation failed. */
   unsigned int length = 0;
   public:
   Type *arrayZ = nullptr;
@@ -108,7 +110,10 @@ struct hb_vector_t : std::conditional<sorted, hb_vector_t<Type, false>, hb_empty
   {
     reset ();
     alloc (o.length);
-    hb_copy (o, *this);
+    if (unlikely (in_error ())) return *this;
+
+    copy_vector (o);
+
     return *this;
   }
   hb_vector_t& operator = (hb_vector_t &&o)
@@ -184,12 +189,14 @@ struct hb_vector_t : std::conditional<sorted, hb_vector_t<Type, false>, hb_empty
   {
     if (unlikely (!resize (length + 1)))
       return &Crap (Type);
-    return &arrayZ[length - 1];
+    return std::addressof (arrayZ[length - 1]);
   }
-  template <typename T>
+  template <typename T,
+	    typename T2 = Type,
+	    hb_enable_if (!std::is_copy_constructible<T2>::value &&
+			  std::is_copy_assignable<T>::value)>
   Type *push (T&& v)
   {
-    /* TODO Emplace? */
     Type *p = push ();
     if (p == &Crap (Type))
       // If push failed to allocate then don't copy v, since this may cause
@@ -199,18 +206,34 @@ struct hb_vector_t : std::conditional<sorted, hb_vector_t<Type, false>, hb_empty
     *p = std::forward<T> (v);
     return p;
   }
+  template <typename T,
+	    typename T2 = Type,
+	    hb_enable_if (std::is_copy_constructible<T2>::value)>
+  Type *push (T&& v)
+  {
+    if (unlikely (!alloc (length + 1)))
+      // If push failed to allocate then don't copy v, since this may cause
+      // the created copy to leak memory since we won't have stored a
+      // reference to it.
+      return &Crap (Type);
+
+    /* Emplace. */
+    length++;
+    Type *p = std::addressof (arrayZ[length - 1]);
+    return new (p) Type (std::forward<T> (v));
+  }
 
   bool in_error () const { return allocated < 0; }
 
   template <typename T = Type,
-	    hb_enable_if (std::is_trivially_copy_assignable<T>::value)>
+	    hb_enable_if (hb_is_trivially_copy_assignable(T))>
   Type *
   realloc_vector (unsigned new_allocated)
   {
     return (Type *) hb_realloc (arrayZ, new_allocated * sizeof (Type));
   }
   template <typename T = Type,
-	    hb_enable_if (!std::is_trivially_copy_assignable<T>::value)>
+	    hb_enable_if (!hb_is_trivially_copy_assignable(T))>
   Type *
   realloc_vector (unsigned new_allocated)
   {
@@ -230,8 +253,7 @@ struct hb_vector_t : std::conditional<sorted, hb_vector_t<Type, false>, hb_empty
   }
 
   template <typename T = Type,
-	    hb_enable_if (std::is_trivially_constructible<T>::value ||
-			  !std::is_default_constructible<T>::value)>
+	    hb_enable_if (hb_is_trivially_constructible(T))>
   void
   grow_vector (unsigned size)
   {
@@ -239,8 +261,7 @@ struct hb_vector_t : std::conditional<sorted, hb_vector_t<Type, false>, hb_empty
     length = size;
   }
   template <typename T = Type,
-	    hb_enable_if (!std::is_trivially_constructible<T>::value &&
-			   std::is_default_constructible<T>::value)>
+	    hb_enable_if (!hb_is_trivially_constructible(T))>
   void
   grow_vector (unsigned size)
   {
@@ -252,14 +273,52 @@ struct hb_vector_t : std::conditional<sorted, hb_vector_t<Type, false>, hb_empty
   }
 
   template <typename T = Type,
-	    hb_enable_if (std::is_trivially_destructible<T>::value)>
+	    hb_enable_if (hb_is_trivially_copyable (T))>
+  void
+  copy_vector (const hb_vector_t &other)
+  {
+    length = other.length;
+    hb_memcpy ((void *) arrayZ, (const void *) other.arrayZ, length * item_size);
+  }
+  template <typename T = Type,
+	    hb_enable_if (!hb_is_trivially_copyable (T) &&
+			   std::is_copy_constructible<T>::value)>
+  void
+  copy_vector (const hb_vector_t &other)
+  {
+    length = 0;
+    while (length < other.length)
+    {
+      length++;
+      new (std::addressof (arrayZ[length - 1])) Type (other.arrayZ[length - 1]);
+    }
+  }
+  template <typename T = Type,
+	    hb_enable_if (!hb_is_trivially_copyable (T) &&
+			  !std::is_copy_constructible<T>::value &&
+			  std::is_default_constructible<T>::value &&
+			  std::is_copy_assignable<T>::value)>
+  void
+  copy_vector (const hb_vector_t &other)
+  {
+    length = 0;
+    while (length < other.length)
+    {
+      length++;
+      new (std::addressof (arrayZ[length - 1])) Type ();
+      arrayZ[length - 1] = other.arrayZ[length - 1];
+    }
+  }
+
+  template <typename T = Type,
+	    hb_enable_if (hb_is_trivially_destructible(T))>
   void
   shrink_vector (unsigned size)
   {
     length = size;
   }
   template <typename T = Type,
-	    hb_enable_if (!std::is_trivially_destructible<T>::value)>
+	    hb_enable_if (!hb_is_trivially_destructible(T))>
   void
   shrink_vector (unsigned size)
   {
@@ -271,7 +330,7 @@ struct hb_vector_t : std::conditional<sorted, hb_vector_t<Type, false>, hb_empty
   }
 
   template <typename T = Type,
-	    hb_enable_if (std::is_trivially_copy_assignable<T>::value)>
+	    hb_enable_if (hb_is_trivially_copy_assignable(T))>
   void
   shift_down_vector (unsigned i)
   {
@@ -280,7 +339,7 @@ struct hb_vector_t : std::conditional<sorted, hb_vector_t<Type, false>, hb_empty
 	     (length - i) * sizeof (Type));
   }
   template <typename T = Type,
-	    hb_enable_if (!std::is_trivially_copy_assignable<T>::value)>
+	    hb_enable_if (!hb_is_trivially_copy_assignable(T))>
   void
   shift_down_vector (unsigned i)
   {
@@ -341,7 +400,7 @@ struct hb_vector_t : std::conditional<sorted, hb_vector_t<Type, false>, hb_empty
   Type pop ()
   {
     if (!length) return Null (Type);
-    Type v = std::move (arrayZ[length - 1]);
+    Type v = arrayZ[length - 1];
     arrayZ[length - 1].~Type ();
     length--;
     return v;
@@ -351,8 +410,8 @@ struct hb_vector_t : std::conditional<sorted, hb_vector_t<Type, false>, hb_empty
   {
     if (unlikely (i >= length))
       return;
-    arrayZ[i].~Type ();
     shift_down_vector (i + 1);
+    arrayZ[length - 1].~Type ();
     length--;
   }
 
diff --git a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-version.h b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-version.h
index 94c73e15bf..ae707cde6c 100644
--- a/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-version.h
+++ b/thirdparty/harfbuzz/src/hb-version.h
@@ -47,20 +47,20 @@ HB_BEGIN_DECLS
  *
  * The minor component of the library version available at compile-time.
  */
-#define HB_VERSION_MINOR 2
+#define HB_VERSION_MINOR 3
 /**
  * HB_VERSION_MICRO:
  *
  * The micro component of the library version available at compile-time.
  */
-#define HB_VERSION_MICRO 1
+#define HB_VERSION_MICRO 0
 
 /**
  * HB_VERSION_STRING:
  *
  * A string literal containing the library version available at compile-time.
  */
-#define HB_VERSION_STRING "4.2.1"
+#define HB_VERSION_STRING "4.3.0"
 
 /**
  * HB_VERSION_ATLEAST: