Implement Vector4, Vector4i, Projection

Implement built-in classes Vector4, Vector4i and Projection.

* Two versions of Vector4 (float and integer).
* A Projection class, which is a 4x4 matrix specialized in projection types.

These types have been requested for a long time, but given they were very corner case they were not added before.
Because in Godot 4, reimplementing parts of the rendering engine is now possible, access to these types (heavily used by the rendering code) becomes a necessity.

**Q**: Why Projection and not Matrix4?
**A**: Godot does not use Matrix2, Matrix3, Matrix4x3, etc. naming convention because, within the engine, these types always have a *purpose*. As such, Godot names them: Transform2D, Transform3D or Basis. In this case, this 4x4 matrix is _always_ used as a _Projection_, hence the naming.

1 files changed, 13 insertions, 13 deletions

diff --git a/servers/rendering/renderer_scene_cull.cpp b/servers/rendering/renderer_scene_cull.cpp
index ebb5849f85..ce08c27ed5 100644
--- a/servers/rendering/renderer_scene_cull.cpp
+++ b/servers/rendering/renderer_scene_cull.cpp
@@ -1993,7 +1993,7 @@ void RendererSceneCull::_update_instance_lightmap_captures(Instance *p_instance)
 	scene_render->geometry_instance_set_lightmap_capture(geom->geometry_instance, p_instance->lightmap_sh.ptr());
 }
 
-void RendererSceneCull::_light_instance_setup_directional_shadow(int p_shadow_index, Instance *p_instance, const Transform3D p_cam_transform, const CameraMatrix &p_cam_projection, bool p_cam_orthogonal, bool p_cam_vaspect) {
+void RendererSceneCull::_light_instance_setup_directional_shadow(int p_shadow_index, Instance *p_instance, const Transform3D p_cam_transform, const Projection &p_cam_projection, bool p_cam_orthogonal, bool p_cam_vaspect) {
 	InstanceLightData *light = static_cast<InstanceLightData *>(p_instance->base_data);
 
 	Transform3D light_transform = p_instance->transform;
@@ -2045,7 +2045,7 @@ void RendererSceneCull::_light_instance_setup_directional_shadow(int p_shadow_in
 		RENDER_TIMESTAMP("Cull DirectionalLight3D, Split " + itos(i));
 
 		// setup a camera matrix for that range!
-		CameraMatrix camera_matrix;
+		Projection camera_matrix;
 
 		real_t aspect = p_cam_projection.get_aspect();
 
@@ -2185,7 +2185,7 @@ void RendererSceneCull::_light_instance_setup_directional_shadow(int p_shadow_in
 		z_max = z_vec.dot(center) + radius + pancake_size;
 
 		{
-			CameraMatrix ortho_camera;
+			Projection ortho_camera;
 			real_t half_x = (x_max_cam - x_min_cam) * 0.5;
 			real_t half_y = (y_max_cam - y_min_cam) * 0.5;
 
@@ -2210,7 +2210,7 @@ void RendererSceneCull::_light_instance_setup_directional_shadow(int p_shadow_in
 	}
 }
 
-bool RendererSceneCull::_light_instance_update_shadow(Instance *p_instance, const Transform3D p_cam_transform, const CameraMatrix &p_cam_projection, bool p_cam_orthogonal, bool p_cam_vaspect, RID p_shadow_atlas, Scenario *p_scenario, float p_screen_mesh_lod_threshold) {
+bool RendererSceneCull::_light_instance_update_shadow(Instance *p_instance, const Transform3D p_cam_transform, const Projection &p_cam_projection, bool p_cam_orthogonal, bool p_cam_vaspect, RID p_shadow_atlas, Scenario *p_scenario, float p_screen_mesh_lod_threshold) {
 	InstanceLightData *light = static_cast<InstanceLightData *>(p_instance->base_data);
 
 	Transform3D light_transform = p_instance->transform;
@@ -2283,7 +2283,7 @@ bool RendererSceneCull::_light_instance_update_shadow(Instance *p_instance, cons
 
 					RSG::mesh_storage->update_mesh_instances();
 
-					scene_render->light_instance_set_shadow_transform(light->instance, CameraMatrix(), light_transform, radius, 0, i, 0);
+					scene_render->light_instance_set_shadow_transform(light->instance, Projection(), light_transform, radius, 0, i, 0);
 					shadow_data.light = light->instance;
 					shadow_data.pass = i;
 				}
@@ -2294,7 +2294,7 @@ bool RendererSceneCull::_light_instance_update_shadow(Instance *p_instance, cons
 				}
 
 				real_t radius = RSG::light_storage->light_get_param(p_instance->base, RS::LIGHT_PARAM_RANGE);
-				CameraMatrix cm;
+				Projection cm;
 				cm.set_perspective(90, 1, radius * 0.005f, radius);
 
 				for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
@@ -2366,7 +2366,7 @@ bool RendererSceneCull::_light_instance_update_shadow(Instance *p_instance, cons
 				}
 
 				//restore the regular DP matrix
-				//scene_render->light_instance_set_shadow_transform(light->instance, CameraMatrix(), light_transform, radius, 0, 0, 0);
+				//scene_render->light_instance_set_shadow_transform(light->instance, Projection(), light_transform, radius, 0, 0, 0);
 			}
 
 		} break;
@@ -2380,7 +2380,7 @@ bool RendererSceneCull::_light_instance_update_shadow(Instance *p_instance, cons
 			real_t radius = RSG::light_storage->light_get_param(p_instance->base, RS::LIGHT_PARAM_RANGE);
 			real_t angle = RSG::light_storage->light_get_param(p_instance->base, RS::LIGHT_PARAM_SPOT_ANGLE);
 
-			CameraMatrix cm;
+			Projection cm;
 			cm.set_perspective(angle * 2.0, 1.0, 0.005f * radius, radius);
 
 			Vector<Plane> planes = cm.get_projection_planes(light_transform);
@@ -2450,7 +2450,7 @@ void RendererSceneCull::render_camera(RID p_render_buffers, RID p_camera, RID p_
 	if (p_xr_interface.is_null()) {
 		// Normal camera
 		Transform3D transform = camera->transform;
-		CameraMatrix projection;
+		Projection projection;
 		bool vaspect = camera->vaspect;
 		bool is_orthogonal = false;
 
@@ -2489,7 +2489,7 @@ void RendererSceneCull::render_camera(RID p_render_buffers, RID p_camera, RID p_
 		// Setup our camera for our XR interface.
 		// We can support multiple views here each with their own camera
 		Transform3D transforms[RendererSceneRender::MAX_RENDER_VIEWS];
-		CameraMatrix projections[RendererSceneRender::MAX_RENDER_VIEWS];
+		Projection projections[RendererSceneRender::MAX_RENDER_VIEWS];
 
 		uint32_t view_count = p_xr_interface->get_view_count();
 		ERR_FAIL_COND_MSG(view_count > RendererSceneRender::MAX_RENDER_VIEWS, "Requested view count is not supported");
@@ -3243,7 +3243,7 @@ void RendererSceneCull::_render_scene(const RendererSceneRender::CameraData *p_c
 		render_sdfgi_data[i].instances.clear();
 	}
 
-	//	virtual void render_scene(RID p_render_buffers, const Transform3D &p_cam_transform, const CameraMatrix &p_cam_projection, bool p_cam_orthogonal, const PagedArray<GeometryInstance *> &p_instances, const PagedArray<RID> &p_lights, const PagedArray<RID> &p_reflection_probes, const PagedArray<RID> &p_voxel_gi_instances, const PagedArray<RID> &p_decals, const PagedArray<RID> &p_lightmaps, RID p_environment, RID p_camera_effects, RID p_shadow_atlas, RID p_reflection_atlas, RID p_reflection_probe, int p_reflection_probe_pass, float p_screen_mesh_lod_threshold,const RenderShadowData *p_render_shadows,int p_render_shadow_count,const RenderSDFGIData *p_render_sdfgi_regions,int p_render_sdfgi_region_count,const RenderSDFGIStaticLightData *p_render_sdfgi_static_lights=nullptr) = 0;
+	//	virtual void render_scene(RID p_render_buffers, const Transform3D &p_cam_transform, const Projection &p_cam_projection, bool p_cam_orthogonal, const PagedArray<GeometryInstance *> &p_instances, const PagedArray<RID> &p_lights, const PagedArray<RID> &p_reflection_probes, const PagedArray<RID> &p_voxel_gi_instances, const PagedArray<RID> &p_decals, const PagedArray<RID> &p_lightmaps, RID p_environment, RID p_camera_effects, RID p_shadow_atlas, RID p_reflection_atlas, RID p_reflection_probe, int p_reflection_probe_pass, float p_screen_mesh_lod_threshold,const RenderShadowData *p_render_shadows,int p_render_shadow_count,const RenderSDFGIData *p_render_sdfgi_regions,int p_render_sdfgi_region_count,const RenderSDFGIStaticLightData *p_render_sdfgi_static_lights=nullptr) = 0;
 }
 
 RID RendererSceneCull::_render_get_environment(RID p_camera, RID p_scenario) {
@@ -3280,7 +3280,7 @@ void RendererSceneCull::render_empty_scene(RID p_render_buffers, RID p_scenario,
 	RENDER_TIMESTAMP("Render Empty 3D Scene");
 
 	RendererSceneRender::CameraData camera_data;
-	camera_data.set_camera(Transform3D(), CameraMatrix(), true, false);
+	camera_data.set_camera(Transform3D(), Projection(), true, false);
 
 	scene_render->render_scene(p_render_buffers, &camera_data, &camera_data, PagedArray<RendererSceneRender::GeometryInstance *>(), PagedArray<RID>(), PagedArray<RID>(), PagedArray<RID>(), PagedArray<RID>(), PagedArray<RID>(), PagedArray<RID>(), RID(), RID(), p_shadow_atlas, RID(), scenario->reflection_atlas, RID(), 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr);
 #endif
@@ -3329,7 +3329,7 @@ bool RendererSceneCull::_render_reflection_probe_step(Instance *p_instance, int
 		max_distance = MAX(max_distance, distance);
 
 		//render cubemap side
-		CameraMatrix cm;
+		Projection cm;
 		cm.set_perspective(90, 1, 0.01, max_distance);
 
 		Transform3D local_view;