C#: Move marshaling logic and generated glue to C#

We will be progressively moving most code to C#.
The plan is to only use Mono's embedding APIs to set things at launch.
This will make it much easier to later support CoreCLR too which
doesn't have rich embedding APIs.

Additionally the code in C# is more maintainable and makes it easier
to implement new features, e.g.: runtime codegen which we could use to
avoid using reflection for marshaling everytime a field, property or
method is accessed.

SOME NOTES ON INTEROP

We make the same assumptions as GDNative about the size of the Godot
structures we use. We take it a bit further by also assuming the layout
of fields in some cases, which is riskier but let's us squeeze out some
performance by avoiding unnecessary managed to native calls.

Code that deals with native structs is less safe than before as there's
no RAII and copy constructors in C#. It's like using the GDNative C API
directly. One has to take special care to free values they own.
Perhaps we could use roslyn analyzers to check this, but I don't know
any that uses attributes to determine what's owned or borrowed.

As to why we maily use pointers for native structs instead of ref/out:
- AFAIK (and confirmed with a benchmark) ref/out are pinned
  during P/Invoke calls and that has a cost.
- Native struct fields can't be ref/out in the first place.
- A `using` local can't be passed as ref/out, only `in`. Calling a
  method or property on an `in` value makes a silent copy, so we want
  to avoid `in`.

REGARDING THE BUILD SYSTEM

There's no longer a `mono_glue=yes/no` SCons options. We no longer
need to build with `mono_glue=no`, generate the glue and then build
again with `mono_glue=yes`. We build only once and generate the glue
(which is in C# now).
However, SCons no longer builds the C# projects for us. Instead one
must run `build_assemblies.py`, e.g.:
```sh
%godot_src_root%/modules/mono/build_scripts/build_assemblies.py \
        --godot-output-dir=%godot_src_root%/bin \
        --godot-target=release_debug`
```
We could turn this into a custom build target, but I don't know how
to do that with SCons (it's possible with Meson).

OTHER NOTES

Most of the moved code doesn't follow the C# naming convention and
still has the word Mono in the names despite no longer dealing with
Mono's embedding APIs. This is just temporary while transitioning,
to make it easier to understand what was moved where.

1 files changed, 14 insertions, 70 deletions

diff --git a/modules/mono/mono_gd/gd_mono_cache.h b/modules/mono/mono_gd/gd_mono_cache.h
index e9cc26899e..0db32b5885 100644
--- a/modules/mono/mono_gd/gd_mono_cache.h
+++ b/modules/mono/mono_gd/gd_mono_cache.h
@@ -42,23 +42,7 @@ struct CachedData {
 
 	// Let's use the no-namespace format for these too
 	GDMonoClass *class_MonoObject = nullptr; // object
-	GDMonoClass *class_bool = nullptr; // bool
-	GDMonoClass *class_int8_t = nullptr; // sbyte
-	GDMonoClass *class_int16_t = nullptr; // short
-	GDMonoClass *class_int32_t = nullptr; // int
-	GDMonoClass *class_int64_t = nullptr; // long
-	GDMonoClass *class_uint8_t = nullptr; // byte
-	GDMonoClass *class_uint16_t = nullptr; // ushort
-	GDMonoClass *class_uint32_t = nullptr; // uint
-	GDMonoClass *class_uint64_t = nullptr; // ulong
-	GDMonoClass *class_float = nullptr; // float
-	GDMonoClass *class_double = nullptr; // double
 	GDMonoClass *class_String = nullptr; // string
-	GDMonoClass *class_IntPtr = nullptr; // System.IntPtr
-
-	GDMonoClass *class_System_Collections_IEnumerable = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_System_Collections_ICollection = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_System_Collections_IDictionary = nullptr;
 
 #ifdef DEBUG_ENABLED
 	GDMonoClass *class_System_Diagnostics_StackTrace = nullptr;
@@ -68,40 +52,14 @@ struct CachedData {
 #endif
 
 	GDMonoClass *class_KeyNotFoundException = nullptr;
-
-	MonoClass *rawclass_Dictionary = nullptr;
 	// -----------------------------------------------
 
-	GDMonoClass *class_Vector2 = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Vector2i = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Rect2 = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Rect2i = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Transform2D = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Vector3 = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Vector3i = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Vector4 = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Vector4i = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Basis = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Quaternion = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Transform3D = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Projection = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_AABB = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Color = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Plane = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_StringName = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_NodePath = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_RID = nullptr;
 	GDMonoClass *class_GodotObject = nullptr;
 	GDMonoClass *class_GodotResource = nullptr;
 	GDMonoClass *class_Node = nullptr;
 	GDMonoClass *class_Control = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Node3D = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_WeakRef = nullptr;
 	GDMonoClass *class_Callable = nullptr;
 	GDMonoClass *class_SignalInfo = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Array = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_Dictionary = nullptr;
-	GDMonoClass *class_MarshalUtils = nullptr;
 	GDMonoClass *class_ISerializationListener = nullptr;
 
 #ifdef DEBUG_ENABLED
@@ -127,43 +85,34 @@ struct CachedData {
 	GDMonoField *field_AssemblyHasScriptsAttribute_requiresLookup = nullptr;
 	GDMonoField *field_AssemblyHasScriptsAttribute_scriptTypes = nullptr;
 
+
 	GDMonoField *field_GodotObject_ptr = nullptr;
-	GDMonoField *field_StringName_ptr = nullptr;
-	GDMonoField *field_NodePath_ptr = nullptr;
-	GDMonoField *field_Image_ptr = nullptr;
-	GDMonoField *field_RID_ptr = nullptr;
 
 	GDMonoMethodThunk<MonoObject *> methodthunk_GodotObject_Dispose;
-	GDMonoMethodThunkR<Array *, MonoObject *> methodthunk_Array_GetPtr;
-	GDMonoMethodThunkR<Dictionary *, MonoObject *> methodthunk_Dictionary_GetPtr;
 	GDMonoMethodThunk<MonoObject *, MonoArray *> methodthunk_SignalAwaiter_SignalCallback;
 	GDMonoMethodThunk<MonoObject *> methodthunk_GodotTaskScheduler_Activate;
 
 	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, MonoObject *, MonoObject *> methodthunk_Delegate_Equals;
 
+	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, void *, MonoObject *> methodthunk_DelegateUtils_TrySerializeDelegateWithGCHandle;
+	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, MonoObject *, void **> methodthunk_DelegateUtils_TryDeserializeDelegateWithGCHandle;
+
 	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, MonoDelegate *, MonoObject *> methodthunk_DelegateUtils_TrySerializeDelegate;
 	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, MonoObject *, MonoDelegate **> methodthunk_DelegateUtils_TryDeserializeDelegate;
 
-	// Start of MarshalUtils methods
-
-	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, MonoReflectionType *> methodthunk_MarshalUtils_TypeIsGenericArray;
-	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, MonoReflectionType *> methodthunk_MarshalUtils_TypeIsGenericDictionary;
-	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, MonoReflectionType *> methodthunk_MarshalUtils_TypeIsSystemGenericList;
-	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, MonoReflectionType *> methodthunk_MarshalUtils_TypeIsSystemGenericDictionary;
-	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, MonoReflectionType *> methodthunk_MarshalUtils_TypeIsGenericIEnumerable;
-	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, MonoReflectionType *> methodthunk_MarshalUtils_TypeIsGenericICollection;
-	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, MonoReflectionType *> methodthunk_MarshalUtils_TypeIsGenericIDictionary;
-	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, MonoReflectionType *> methodthunk_MarshalUtils_TypeHasFlagsAttribute;
-
-	GDMonoMethodThunk<MonoReflectionType *, MonoReflectionType **> methodthunk_MarshalUtils_GetGenericTypeDefinition;
+	GDMonoMethodThunk<void *, const Variant **, uint32_t, const Variant *> methodthunk_DelegateUtils_InvokeWithVariantArgs;
+	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, void *, void *> methodthunk_DelegateUtils_DelegateEquals;
+	GDMonoMethodThunk<void *> methodthunk_DelegateUtils_FreeGCHandle;
 
-	GDMonoMethodThunk<MonoReflectionType *, MonoReflectionType **> methodthunk_MarshalUtils_ArrayGetElementType;
-	GDMonoMethodThunk<MonoReflectionType *, MonoReflectionType **, MonoReflectionType **> methodthunk_MarshalUtils_DictionaryGetKeyValueTypes;
+	GDMonoMethodThunkR<int32_t, MonoReflectionType *, MonoBoolean *> methodthunk_Marshaling_managed_to_variant_type;
+	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, MonoReflectionType *, MonoReflectionType **> methodthunk_Marshaling_try_get_array_element_type;
+	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoObject *, const Variant *, MonoReflectionType *> methodthunk_Marshaling_variant_to_mono_object_of_type;
+	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoObject *, const Variant *> methodthunk_Marshaling_variant_to_mono_object;
+	GDMonoMethodThunk<MonoObject *, MonoBoolean, Variant *> methodthunk_Marshaling_mono_object_to_variant_out;
 
-	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoReflectionType *, MonoReflectionType *> methodthunk_MarshalUtils_MakeGenericArrayType;
-	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoReflectionType *, MonoReflectionType *, MonoReflectionType *> methodthunk_MarshalUtils_MakeGenericDictionaryType;
+	GDMonoMethodThunk<MonoReflectionField *, MonoObject *, const Variant *> methodthunk_Marshaling_SetFieldValue;
 
-	// End of MarshalUtils methods
+	GDMonoMethodThunkR<MonoBoolean, MonoReflectionType *> methodthunk_MarshalUtils_TypeHasFlagsAttribute;
 
 	Ref<MonoGCHandleRef> task_scheduler_handle;
 
@@ -184,10 +133,6 @@ extern CachedData cached_data;
 void update_corlib_cache();
 void update_godot_api_cache();
 
-inline void clear_corlib_cache() {
-	cached_data.clear_corlib_cache();
-}
-
 inline void clear_godot_api_cache() {
 	cached_data.clear_godot_api_cache();
 }
@@ -195,7 +140,6 @@ inline void clear_godot_api_cache() {
 
 #define CACHED_CLASS(m_class) (GDMonoCache::cached_data.class_##m_class)
 #define CACHED_CLASS_RAW(m_class) (GDMonoCache::cached_data.class_##m_class->get_mono_ptr())
-#define CACHED_RAW_MONO_CLASS(m_class) (GDMonoCache::cached_data.rawclass_##m_class)
 #define CACHED_FIELD(m_class, m_field) (GDMonoCache::cached_data.field_##m_class##_##m_field)
 #define CACHED_METHOD(m_class, m_method) (GDMonoCache::cached_data.method_##m_class##_##m_method)
 #define CACHED_METHOD_THUNK(m_class, m_method) (GDMonoCache::cached_data.methodthunk_##m_class##_##m_method)